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Metrology for characterizing scratch resistance of polymer coatings / Li-Piin Sung in JOURNAL OF COATINGS TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH, Vol. 2, N° 8 (10/2005)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF COATINGS TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH > Vol. 2, N° 8 (10/2005) . - p. 583-589 Titre : Metrology for characterizing scratch resistance of polymer coatings Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Li-Piin Sung, Auteur ; Shuo-Hung Chang, Auteur ; Tsun Yen Wu, Auteur ; Mark R. van Landingham, Auteur ; Peter L. Drzal, Auteur Année de publication : 2005 Article en page(s) : p. 583-589 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Tags : Microscopie  confocale  laser  balayage  Oléfine  polymère  Propriété  esthétique  Etude  expérimentale  Mesure  optique  Durabilité  Dureté  Méthacrylate  de  méthyle  Déformation  plastique  surface  Morphologie  mécanique  Brillant  Matériau  revêtement  Propène  Résistance  rayure Index. décimale : 667.9 Revêtements et enduits Résumé : Current methods for scratch resistance assessment are often based on "relative but not quantitative" types of measurements, such as visual inspection, gloss changes, and changes in gray scale level or lightness. Most results are used for qualitative assessment purposes, which result in the lack of a repeatable and reliable standardized test method for the polymer materials community. To implement a scientifically based standardized test method for quantifying scratch resistance, it is vital to understand the relationships between material mechanical properties, morphology, and appearance (optical properties) of surface and subsurface deformation. In this article, preliminary results from a scratch testing protocol to identify the "onset" of plastic deformation in poly(methyl methacrylate) and poly(propylene) commercial samples are presented. Recent advances in optical scattering measurements to identify the onset of plastic deformation by analyzing specular and off-specular intensities are also presented. DOI : 10.1007/BF02774587 En ligne : https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2FBF02774587.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=3783 [article]

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Visco-elastic visco-plastic analysis of scratch resistance of organic coatings / Vincent Jardret in JOURNAL OF COATINGS TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH, Vol. 2, N° 8 (10/2005)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF COATINGS TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH > Vol. 2, N° 8 (10/2005) . - p. 591-598 Titre : Visco-elastic visco-plastic analysis of scratch resistance of organic coatings Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Vincent Jardret, Auteur ; Rose Ann Ryntz, Auteur Année de publication : 2005 Article en page(s) : p. 591-598 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Tags : Propriété  rhéologique  Aminoplaste  Etude  expérimentale  Elastoplasticité  Viscoélasticité  Modélisation  comparative  Relation  contrainte  déformation  Indentation  Méthode  mesure  Thermodurcissable  Oléfine  polymère  mécanique  Mélamine  résine  Dureté  traction  Ester  Caoutchouc  thermoplastique  Acrylique  dérivé  Endommagement  Peinture  haute  teneur  solide  Matériau  revêtement  Résistance  rayure Index. décimale : 667.9 Revêtements et enduits Résumé : The sensitivity of automotive coatings to scratching, particularly coatings for plastics, has been a growing conceal among automakers. Scratching may result from such predelivery events as polishing minor defects embeddedin the paint, or postdelivery events such as car wash bristles, dirt embedded under a cloth utilized in polishing the car, tree branches, and the like. Warranty cannot separate out which event is the more prevalent (e.g., predelivery or postdelivery to the customer) form of damage on plastics. Data available on coatings for metal, however, does suggest that isocyanate-based crosslinked systems perform more poorly than their melamine-based crosslinked counterparts when exposed to in plant (predelivery) handling. Coatings on plastics, while lower in modulus than coatings on steel, are still subject to scratch events, albeit they have a greater tendency to "self-heal" once scratching events have occurred. This work attempts to correlate the scratch resistance behavior of three different one-component hydroxyl-functional acrylic or polyester-acrylic-melamine-crosslinked systems. Relationships between the tensile and indentation properties of the coatings were found to be related to the initial warranty data of the coating systems. Most importantly, it was apparent that the critical depth to fracture of the flexible coatings may be the relevant indicator of field performance for coatings on plastics. For metals, the relevant indicator to field performance is often only critical load to fracture, negating the influence of indentation depth. This variance is important to consider since coatings on plastic are often softer and more resilient to surface abrasions than their counterparts on metal. DOI : 10.1007/BF02774588 En ligne : https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2FBF02774588.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=3784 [article]

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Coloration of polypropylene with interference pigment and the effect of wetting agents on its optical properties / Ramanand N. Jagtap in JOURNAL OF COATINGS TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH, Vol. 2, N° 8 (10/2005)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF COATINGS TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH > Vol. 2, N° 8 (10/2005) . - p. 599-606 Titre : Coloration of polypropylene with interference pigment and the effect of wetting agents on its optical properties Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Ramanand N. Jagtap, Auteur ; K. G Patel, Auteur ; C. K. Nere, Auteur Année de publication : 2005 Article en page(s) : p. 599-606 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Tags : Propriété  optique  Ether  cyclique  polymère  Oléfine  Etude  expérimentale  Modélisation  Réflexion  Spectrophotométrie  Mesure  Agent  surface  non  ionique  Ethylène  oxyde  Glycol  Dispersant  Pigment  minéral  Couleur  Relation  formulation  propriété  Propène  Coloration Index. décimale : 667.9 Revêtements et enduits Résumé : Coloration of polypropylene with interference pigment with and without dispersing agents, namely propylene glycol and poly (ethylene glycol) were studied. Effect of pigment concentrations and dispersing agents on various color properties of the molded specimens, such as reflectance versus wavelength characteristics, angular dependency, K/S data, and flop index were evaluated using the CIE system with goniospectrophotometer. Surface image analysis was also conducted. Based on the above parameters, design equations were developed. The study revealed that the effective concentration of the interference pigment was 0.5% and better color characteristics were found when poly (ethylene glycol) was used as a dispersing agent. DOI : 10.1007/BF02774589 En ligne : https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2FBF02774589.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=3785 [article]

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Investigation of the impact of latex components on the survival of Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Alicyn M Rhoades in JOURNAL OF COATINGS TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH, Vol. 2, N° 8 (10/2005)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF COATINGS TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH > Vol. 2, N° 8 (10/2005) . - p. 607-615 Titre : Investigation of the impact of latex components on the survival of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Alicyn M Rhoades, Auteur ; Mohamed O. Elasri, Auteur ; Douglas A. Wicks, Auteur Année de publication : 2005 Article en page(s) : p. 607-615 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Antibactériens Encrassement Pseudomonas aeruginosa Revêtements en phase aqueuse:Peinture en phase aqueuse Salissures biologiques Spectroscopie de fluorescence Surfactants Index. décimale : 667.9 Revêtements et enduits Résumé : Control of biological spoilage is critical to the success of any coatings formulation. However, problems with bacterial resistance and biocide toxicity require changes in waterborne resin preparation and the resulting formulated product. Despite the importance of controlling bacteria-induced spoilage, very little research exists in the field. Critical aspects of biocide/bacteria/coatings component interactions must be understood in order to improve the design of future biocides specific for coatings formulations. This research examines the impact of several common latex components and model biocide interactions on the survival of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Systems were characterized using both traditional microbiological techniques and a novel high-through put fluorescence technique. P. aeruginosa is recognized as the most problematic bacterium throughout the coatings industry because of its tendency to quickly develop resistance to both antibiotics and biocides. Designed experiments comparing formulations of 10% surfactant (by weight) reveal that formulation combinations rich in ionic surfactants promote bacterial growth compared to formulations with higher concentrations of nonionic surfactants. Studies also reveal that the ionic nature of the surfactant components has a strong impact on both the rate of P. aeruginosa survival as well as biocide efficiency, with gentamicin sulfate activity being strongly inhibited in formulations containing high concentrations of sulfated surfactant. DOI : 10.1007/BF02774590 En ligne : https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2FBF02774590.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=3786 [article]

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Novel, water-based fluorinated polymers with excellent antigraffiti properties / Jurgen Scheerder in JOURNAL OF COATINGS TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH, Vol. 2, N° 8 (10/2005)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF COATINGS TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH > Vol. 2, N° 8 (10/2005) . - p. 617-625 Titre : Novel, water-based fluorinated polymers with excellent antigraffiti properties Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Jurgen Scheerder, Auteur ; Nico Visscher, Auteur ; Tijs Nabuurs, Auteur ; A. Overbeek, Auteur Année de publication : 2005 Article en page(s) : p. 617-625 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Tags : Résistance  graffiti  Structure  moléculaire  Etude  expérimentale  Angle  contact  Relation  mise  en  oeuvre  propriété  structure  Peinture  émulsion  eau  Béton  Métal  Revêtement  protecteur  Densité  réticulation  Propriété  surface  Polymérisation  Préparation  Matériau  revêtement  Polymère  fluor Index. décimale : 667.9 Revêtements et enduits Résumé : In this article we describe novel, water-based, crosslinkable fluorinated polymers that form coatings with excellent antigraffiti properties. The synthesis of the binders and the surface and bulk properties of their coatings are discussed. The surface properties of these coatings are characterized in terms of their surface-free energy, as calculated from static contact angle measurements. The distribution of the fluorine atoms throughout the coating is measured by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The bulk properties are studied by determining the crosslink density through dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA), and the effect of the crosslinking conditions on the crosslink density and the antigraffiti properties is discussed. The results indicate that a combined action of surface and bulk properties gives these coatings their excellent antigraffiti properties. The applicability of these polymers as protective coatings for metal and concrete surfaces are demonstrated. DOI : 10.1007/BF02774591 En ligne : https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2FBF02774591.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=3787 [article]

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Waterborne latex coatings of color : I. Component influences on viscosity decreases / David M. Mahli in JOURNAL OF COATINGS TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH, Vol. 2, N° 8 (10/2005)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF COATINGS TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH > Vol. 2, N° 8 (10/2005) . - p. 627-634 Titre : Waterborne latex coatings of color : I. Component influences on viscosity decreases Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : David M. Mahli, Auteur ; J. Edward Glass, Auteur ; Jon M. Wegner, Auteur Année de publication : 2005 Article en page(s) : p. 627-634 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Tags : Polymère  associatif  Propriété  rhéologique  Ether  cyclique  polymère  Etude  expérimentale  Maléique  acide  copolymère  Ethylène  oxyde  Oligomère  téléchélique  Colorant  Noir  carbone  Viscosité  cisaillement  Relation  formulation  propriété  Agent  surface  Epaississant  Matériau  revêtement  Peinture  eau Index. décimale : 667.9 Revêtements et enduits Résumé : For almost two decades, it has been known that the addition of colorants to a waterborne latex coating thickened with an associative thickener will result in a viscosity loss. The influence of surfactants on viscosity variations in waterborne latex coatings, as discussed in our most recent fCT COATINGSTECH article, is the source of the viscosity decreases. To evaluate this problem, aqueous solutions containing large quantities of five different surfactants, and the smallest particle size of the colorants, carbon black (CB), were prepared. Large quantities of surfactant were used to allow for adsorption on, and stabilization of, CB. When traditional associative polymers (HMHEC, HASE, and a telechelic HEUR) were used to thicken carbon black dispersions, viscosity decreases were not observed, for most of the surfactant is adsorbed on the CB's surface. There is enough surfactant, however, to promote viscosity decreases in comb-HEUR thickened CB dispersions. Moving beyond the colorant dispersions, the CB, yellow, or red colorants were then added to a commercial latex paint that contains many surfactants, glycol ether, and coalescing aids, and significant viscosity decreases were observed. The decreases were very dramatic as the colorant concentration was increased to obtain deeper color tones, due to the additional excess surfactant added to the coating. Reduction in total surfactant levels in the colorant was an obvious solution, but this led to rub-up incompatibility. The conflict between viscosity retention and rub-up incompatibility was resolved when the surfactant concentration was reduced by adding to the colorant formulation compositionally different hydrophobically-modified poly(oxyethylenes) and hydrophobe-modified maleic acid co-oligomers. DOI : 10.1007/BF02774592 En ligne : https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2FBF02774592.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=3788 [article]

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Waterborne latex coatings of color : II. Surfactant influences on color development and viscosity / David M. Mahli in JOURNAL OF COATINGS TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH, Vol. 2, N° 8 (10/2005)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF COATINGS TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH > Vol. 2, N° 8 (10/2005) . - p. 635-647 Titre : Waterborne latex coatings of color : II. Surfactant influences on color development and viscosity Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : David M. Mahli, Auteur ; Jon M. Wegner, Auteur ; J. Edward Glass, Auteur ; Daniel G. Phillips, Auteur Année de publication : 2005 Article en page(s) : p. 635-647 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Tags : Propriété  rhéologique  Cellulose  éther  dérivé  Etude  expérimentale  Couleur  optique  Viscosité  cisaillement  Relation  formulation  propriété  Cellulose(hydroxyéthyl)  Peinture  émulsion  Talc  Pigment  minéral  Agent  surface  anionique  Noir  carbone  Dimension  particule  Epaississant  non  ionique  Matériau  revêtement  eau Index. décimale : 667.9 Revêtements et enduits Résumé : A matrix of coating variables, nonassociative versus associative thickeners, different latex median particle sizes, individual surfactants and colorants [carbon black (CB), red, and yellow pigments], was examined for their influence on variances in coatings rheology and color development. Within the different coating groups, the variable of interest in this study was the surfactant added to the colorant formulation. In all three colorant formulations, sodium dodecyl sulfate (an anionic surfactant) provided poorer color development (CD) than in applied formulations containing an equivalent nonylphenol oxyethylene (EO) surfactant. In CB formulations, nonionic surfactants with higher EO content provide improved color development at low (2 mM) concentrations, but near equality in CD is achieved with low EO surfactants at higher concentrations, in contrast to CB formulations, red and yellow colorants exhibit good color development with high EO content nonionic surfactants only at low nonionic surfactants concentrations. This variance appears to be related to the interactions of surfactants with inorganic pigments (talc and laponite) in the colorant formulation. The coating's rheology is related to latex, thickeners, and surfactant components of the paint, as has been noted in previous studies, but not to the nature of the color pigment. The viscosity of the hydroxyethyl cellulose (nonassociative type) and HEUR (associative type) thickened paint decreased with colorant addition due to dilution effects. There were no unusual deviations with the NP(EO)x surfactants, except when a large hydrophobe nonionic surfactant [e.g., C18H37(EO)100] is added. In HEC thickened coatings, the viscosity decreases when C18H37-(EO)100 is in the colorant due to that surfactant inhibiting depletion flocculation. In the C18H37(EO)100 coatings containing the HEUR thickener, significant increases in viscosity were observed, above the dilution values observed with the colorant addition. This is related to the viscosity maximum in the low concentration of HEUR with the C18H37(EO)100 surfactant. Color development is independent of the viscosity profile of the coating. DOI : 10.1007/BF02774593 En ligne : https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2FBF02774593.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=3789 [article]

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Cerium acetate-modified aminopropylsilane triol : A precursor of corrosion-preventing coating for aluminum-finned condensers / T. Sugama in JOURNAL OF COATINGS TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH, Vol. 2, N° 8 (10/2005)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF COATINGS TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH > Vol. 2, N° 8 (10/2005) . - p. 649-659 Titre : Cerium acetate-modified aminopropylsilane triol : A precursor of corrosion-preventing coating for aluminum-finned condensers Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : T. Sugama, Auteur Année de publication : 2005 Article en page(s) : p. 649-659 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Tags : Propriété  thermique  Etude  expérimentale  Corrosion  sel  Protection  corrosion  Stabilité  Effet  concentration  Polycondensation  solution  Préparation  Acier  Aluminium  Couche  protectrice  anticorrosion  Cérium  Acétate  Inhibiteur  Amine  polymère  Siloxane  Matériau  revêtement Index. décimale : 667.9 Revêtements et enduits Résumé : A poly-acetamide-acetoxyl methyl-propylsiloxane (PAAMPS) polymer containing a cerium (Ce) oxide derivative was synthesized through three spontaneous reactions: condensation, amidation, and acetoxylation. The PAAMPS synthesizing took place between the Ce acetate dopant and aminopropylsilane triol (APST) as the film-forming precursor aqueous solution at 150°C. PAAMPS was evaluated for use as a corrosion-preventing coating for air-cooled condensers consisting of two metal components : aluminum fins and carbon steel tube. The key factors to ensuring the maximum performance of the PAAMPS/Ce oxide coating system in mitigating the corrosion of both aluminum and steel included (1) minimizing the content of non-reacted water-soluble APST and Ce acetate remaining in the coating, (2) lowering the susceptibility of the coating's surface to moisture, (3) precipitating a passive Ce3+ oxide (Ce2O3( film insensitive to Cl dissolution over the metal's surfaces, and (4) possessing excellent adhesion to the metal's surfaces. The combination of these factors considerably decreased the rate of the cathodic oxygen reduction reaction at the corrosion site of the metals. In fact, the corrosion rate, measured in milli-inches per year (mpy), of bare steel was reduced more than one order of magnitude by applying this coating. Correspondingly, the coating extended the useful lifetime of steel exposed in a salt-fog chamber at 35°C from only ~10 hr to ~768 hr. Furthermore, tins coating system far better protected an aluminum substrate from the corrosion than it did one of steel. Even a very thin nanoscale coating film deposited on the aluminum's surfaces reduced the corrosion rate, (mpy), by nearly two orders of magnitude over that of the bare aluminum. Also, the salt-spray resistance of aluminum panels covered by this nanoscale film was strikingly extended to more than 1440 hr, compared with -40 hr for bare aluminum. DOI : 10.1007/BF02774594 En ligne : https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2FBF02774594.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=3790 [article]

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Development of low temperature curing, 120°C, durable, corrosion protection powder coatings for temperature sensitive substrates / Glen Merfeld in JOURNAL OF COATINGS TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH, Vol. 2, N° 8 (10/2005)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF COATINGS TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH > Vol. 2, N° 8 (10/2005) . - p. 661-668 Titre : Development of low temperature curing, 120°C, durable, corrosion protection powder coatings for temperature sensitive substrates Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Glen Merfeld, Auteur ; Mike Spicer, Auteur ; Debora Meredith, Auteur ; Steve Finley, Auteur ; Greg Garrett, Auteur ; Kevin Kovaleski, Auteur ; Mark Smith, Auteur ; Ken Gray, Auteur ; Ron Singh Warner, Auteur ; Pat Irwin, Auteur ; Joe Suriano, Auteur ; Chris Molaison, Auteur ; A. Ersin Acar, Auteur ; Rainer Koeniger, Auteur ; Steve Mordhorst, Auteur ; Tom Naguy, Auteur Année de publication : 2005 Article en page(s) : p. 661-668 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Tags : Etude  expérimentale  Inhibiteur  corrosion  Catalyseur  Effet  concentration  Cinétique  Réaction  catalytique  Durcissement(matière  plastique)  Ester  polymère  Aluminium  Matériau  revêtement  Peinture  poudre  anticorrosion Index. décimale : 667.9 Revêtements et enduits Résumé : Commercial low temperature cure powder coatings, including candidates representative of all the major coating chemistries, were evaluated. Nearly all failed to adequately react at a cure schedule of 120°C for 30 min, and none, even when prepared at their manufacturer's lowest recommended cure conditions, met the stringent performance needs for temperature-sensitive military applications. Initial research is presented toward developing low temperature cure powder coatings that simultaneously meet all performance requirements at this target cure schedule. Using commercial resins, corrosion inhibitors, and catalysts, this research effort has closed gaps in low temperature cure coating performance and has helped to identify critical deficiencies. This study establishes direction for future developments in new resin and catalyst technologies. DOI : 10.1007/BF02774595 En ligne : https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2FBF02774595.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=3791 [article]

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Reduction of soil resistance through the use of a composite coating / Xian Jia in JOURNAL OF COATINGS TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH, Vol. 2, N° 8 (10/2005)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF COATINGS TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH > Vol. 2, N° 8 (10/2005) . - p. 669-672 Titre : Reduction of soil resistance through the use of a composite coating Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Xian Jia, Auteur ; Xiaomei Ling, Auteur Année de publication : 2005 Article en page(s) : p. 669-672 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Tags : Résistance  sol  Propriété  surface  Etude  expérimentale  Mécanisme  usure  mécanique  Usure  abrasive  Mouillabilité  Siloxane  polymère  Acier  Revêtement  composite  Matériau  revêtement Index. décimale : 667.9 Revêtements et enduits Résumé : Generally, soil seriously resists the motion of soil-engaging components of terrain machines and tillage equipment because soil has such strong adhesion. In order to develop a method to treat this problem, a polysiloxane/TS composite coating was used in this study. The wettability of steel 45, steel T8, polysiloxane coating, and polysiloxane/T8 composite coating was measured using a contact angle testing instrument (JCC-1, made in China) at 20°C in air. The abrasive wear resistance of both steel 45 and polysiloxane/T8 composite coating was tested on a tumplate abrasive wear testing machine. The resistance of soil to bulldozing plates made of the aforementioned materials was measured on bulldozing resistance testing equipment. The experimental results showed that the polysiloxane/T8 composite coating had excellent liydrophobicity, and that the contact angle of water on its surface reached up to 92°, which is much larger than that of steel 45 and steel T8. The relative volume wear loss of the polysiloxane/TS composite coating was 65% and its bulldozing resistance was reduced by 15.2%-22.3% compared to bare steel 45. DOI : 10.1007/BF02774596 En ligne : https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2FBF02774596.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=3792 [article]

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