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Extension de la surface et affaiblissement de la contrainte dans les matériaux pour dessus de chaussures / L. G. Hole in REVUE TECHNIQUE DES INDUSTRIES DU CUIR, Vol. LXIV (Année 1972)
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Titre : Extension de la surface et affaiblissement de la contrainte dans les matériaux pour dessus de chaussures Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : L. G. Hole, Auteur ; David Popplewell, Auteur ; A. R. Payne, Auteur Année de publication : 1972 Article en page(s) : p. 278-291 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Français (fre) Catégories : Chaussures
Contraintes (mécanique)
Cuir
Déformations (mécanique)
StratifiésTags : Vachette 'Box-calf' Clarino Porvair Corfam 'Résistance des matériaux' 'Chaussure en cuir' 'Matériaux à dessus' Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : Un grand nombre de chercheurs ont étudié l'influence exercée sur le confort du pied par les modules des matériaux pour dessus. Le travail présent concerne, dans une grande mesure, les propriétés des modules des bandes de matériaux, sur lesquels les effets du rapport de Poisson peuvent se manifester. Une contraction latérale limitée peut, sans doute, se produire sur les échantillons d'essais linéaires, utilisés par van Vlimmeren, et les perforations, ménagées le long du bord de la bande, constituent des régions probables de dissipation de la contrainte grâce aux contractions latérales. Note de contenu : - MATERIAUX
- APPAREIL ET MODE OPERATOIRE : Echantillons conditionnés - Essais effectués sur des composants statifiés - Conditionnement au Porter simulé - Mesures de l'affaiblissement de la contrainte
- RESULTATS ET DISCUSSION : Comparaison des cinq matériaux à l'état de conditionnement standard : courbes déformation/contrainte - Les caractéristiques contrainte/déformation des divers composés stratifiés des substituts du cuir
- INFLUENCE DU CONDITIONNEMENT "AP" POUR LES CINQ MATERIAUX
- AFFAIBLISSEMENT DE CONTRAINTES POUR LES CINQ MATERIAUX
- DISCUSSION GENERALEEn ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1PrBrf4XtTkX3F7eNZLIEJ7fRIIZqmhFw/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=36733
in REVUE TECHNIQUE DES INDUSTRIES DU CUIR > Vol. LXIV (Année 1972) . - p. 278-291[article]Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 008571 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible The environment and materials, from the standpoints of ethics, social sciences, law and politics / Jean-Pierre Birat in MATERIAUX & TECHNIQUES, Vol. 107, N° 1 (2019)
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Titre : The environment and materials, from the standpoints of ethics, social sciences, law and politics Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Jean-Pierre Birat, Auteur Année de publication : 2019 Article en page(s) : 20 p. Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Durée de vie (Ingénierie)
Ethique de l'environnement
Matériaux -- Aspect de l'environnement
Politique de l'environnement
PollutionTags : Matériaux 'Production de matériaux' 'Utilisation des 'Matières premières' 'Economie circulaire' 'Empreinte écologique' 'Principe du pollueur-payeur' 'Développement durable' précaution' 'Hiérarchie déchets' 'Questions environnementales' ACV AFM 'Ethique l’environnement' Anthropocentrisme Biocentrisme Ecocentrisme 'Code Index. décimale : 304.2 Ecologie humaine : les activités sociales humaines et l'environnement. Pollution Résumé : Materials are deeply connected with the environment, because they stem from raw materials extracted from the geosphere, rely on large amounts of energy and of water in their production stage, project emissions to air, water and soil when their ores (or minerals) are mined, when they are made in steel mills or cement kilns, including very significant amounts of greenhouse gases. They also contribute to emissions and energy consumption of the artifacts of which they are part, either consumption or investment goods. Their connection with the biosphere raises many issues, in terms of toxicology, ecotoxicology or biodiversity or simply of public health or in the working place. Materials, as an essential part of the anthroposphere, interact deeply with the anthroposphere itself but also with the biosphere, the geosphere, the atmosphere and the hydrosphere, thus with nature in a general way through mechanisms which can no longer simply be described at the margin, as resource depletion or as pollution. This raises issues related to the sustainability of materials in human activities, in which they are deeply immersed and entangled. The standard way of dealing with these environmental issues is to invoke sustainability and to explain that all actors are engaged in sustainable development, a morals or an ethics that points in which direction to go: all players in the materials field, industry, institutions and research, claim allegiance to sustainable development. At a more technical level, specific tools like Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) are used extensively to measure the interaction of materials with the environment. This, however, is not enough to deal properly with the environmental issues of materials, because these issues are not marginal any longer: the anthroposphere has become so large with respect to the biosphere, the geosphere and the planet in general that environmental risk is now part of modern life, especially in connection with climate change and the loss of biodiversity. To go deeper in analyzing the connection of human activities with nature, it is therefore necessary to reach out to SSH (Social Science and Humanities) disciplines and particularly to environmental ethics. This is a prerequisite for materials scientists (and others) to act decisively in the future in the face of the danger that lies ahead of us. The present paper reviews the advances of environmental ethics, a fairly young discipline born in the 1970s, in as far as it can help all actors on the world anthropospheric theater choose their lines for the future in a more conscious and sophisticated way than simply claiming obedience to sustainability. We will review briefly intellectual forerunners of the discipline like Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Henri David Thoreau, Rachel Carson or Paul Ehrlich. This will help flesh out well-known concepts like the precautionary principle or the “polluter-pays” principle, which are invoked in creating new materials or new processes to keep pollution and health issues under control, as part of the constraints of professional ethics but also of environmental law. It will be necessary to question to whom or to what the key concept of intrinsic value is attached : people, all living organisms or ecosystems, i.e. the environment in general, and thus to define anthropocentrism, biocentrism and ecocentrism. Environmental law and the ethics of sustainable development are still mainly anthropocentric while scientific ecology is more clearly ecocentric. To tackle the challenges of environmental issues as they are posed today and to avoid catastrophes, it might be necessary in the future for all social players and for people of the world of materials to follow the steps of environmental ethics and to move up from anthropocentrism to the broader vision of ecocentrism. Note de contenu : - MORE ON THE CONNECTION BETWEEN MATERIALS, MATERIALS SCIENTISTS AND THE ENVIRONMENT
- POSITIONING MATERIALS AND THE SPHERES OF ECOLOGY IN AN HISTORICAL AND PHILOSOPHICAL PERSPECTIVE
- KEYWORDS : NATURE, ENVIRONMENT AND ECOLOGY
- ESSENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL CONCEPTS : Identification of "environmental issues" : pollution and environmental damage, resources and resource depletion, ecosystems and biodiversity - Construction of the concept of sustainability - Damage to human health and to non-human health - toxicology and ecotoxicology - Environmental polycymaking, law and legislation
- DISCIPLINARY APPROACHES TO THE ENVIRONMENTS : Natural philosophy and the separation of science from philosophy - National parks and the appeal of wilderness - Critical events and critical writings - Environmental philosophy and philosophy of environment - Environmental ethics : major concepts and schools of thought - More radical approaches : ecofeminism, ecocriticism and social ecology - How do various institutions fare regarding environmental ethics ?
- ENVIRONMENTAL LAWS, CODES AND REGULATIONS
- MEASURING THE SOCIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL VALUES OF OBJECTS, TECHNOLOGIES AND SERVICESRéférence de l'article : 102 DOI : 10.1051/mattech/2018067 En ligne : https://www.mattech-journal.org/articles/mattech/pdf/2019/01/mt180036.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=32682
in MATERIAUX & TECHNIQUES > Vol. 107, N° 1 (2019) . - 20 p.[article]Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 20924 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible Computational approach for composite material allowables using sealed envelope predictions for reduced testing / Galib Abumeri in SAMPE JOURNAL, Vol. 45, N° 5 (09-10/2009)
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Titre : Computational approach for composite material allowables using sealed envelope predictions for reduced testing Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Galib Abumeri, Auteur ; M. Garg, Auteur ; Frank Abdi, Auteur ; A. McCloskey, Auteur ; R. Bohner, Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : p. 26-35 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Tags : 'Composites polymères' 'Simulation par ordinateur' 'Tests réduits' 'Résistance des matériaux' Index. décimale : 668.4 Plastiques, vinyles Résumé : Accurate prediction of 1- and B-basis material allowables is essential for statistical characterization and risk reduction of structural aerospace materials. Current practices for determining allowables for polymer composites follow recommended procedures set forth by CMH-17 (formerly military handbook MIL-HKBK-17-1E) and FAA. The process is costly and time consuming as accurate determination of allowables requires physical testing of a large number of coupons for various layup configurations and test environments. Further, new composite materials are introduced to the market at a rapid rate amplyfying the need for timely cost effective approach.
To mitigate time and cost associated with material allowable generation, Alpha STAR Corporation (ASC) and Northrop Grumman (NG) are cooperating in an effort to explore a novel computational method for predicting B-basis strength valeus of polymer matrix composites. The approach combines composites mechanics based progressive failure analysis (PFA), finite element analysis, probabilistic methods, and reduced testing to virtually generate coupon tests.
To examine the validity of this approach the ASC-NG team used a "sealed envelope" process. Here, ASC made its predictions independent of test results and then handed them to NG for comparison against a "sealed envelope" of real test data. B-basis tensile strength values for un-notched and notched IM7/MTM45-1 coupons were predicted (using a reduced number of test replicates) and provided to the NG team. Predicted results were compared to those obtained using standard military specification practices and the standard number of test replicates. This computational approach has potential for simulation of all types of ASTM tests under various environmental conditions, potentially reducing the required number of test replicates by more than 67 %.
The difference in the B-basis results obtained from prediction and those from current practices ranged from -5,8 % and -7,95 %. The average difference between th two results was less than -0,2 %. The difference between the two solutions was less than 1 % for 30 % of the test cases simulated.Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=7194
in SAMPE JOURNAL > Vol. 45, N° 5 (09-10/2009) . - p. 26-35[article]Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 011509 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible Injection molding on the fly / Michael Stegelmann in KUNSTSTOFFE INTERNATIONAL, Vol. 112, N° 3 (2022)
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Titre : Injection molding on the fly : Automated lightweight module for functionalization and hybridization of components Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Michael Stegelmann, Auteur ; Michael Krahl, Auteur ; Stephan Sell, Auteur ; Santiago Pardos, Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Article en page(s) : p. 16-18 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Automatisation
Matières plastiques -- Moulage par injectionTags : Hybridation Extrusion 'Fonctionalisation des matériaux' Bois Aluminium Composites 'Machine mobile' Index. décimale : 668.4 Plastiques, vinyles Résumé : Anybrid GmbH has succeeded in transforming the usually rigid injection molding machine into a mobile machine that can move freely in the room and can be used to overmold profiles, etc. The company is thus serving a steadily growing market for the production of hybrid components. For the first time, the advantages of plastics processing are combined directly with the flexibility of robotics. In close cooperation with Rehau, extensive studies on an extrusion line were recently successfully completed. Note de contenu : - Applied in extrusion
- Saving of assembly steps
- Functionalization of wood and metal
- Declared goal : sustainable process chains
- Fig. 1 : The Robin module is used in the Rehau pilot line for functionalizing profiles
- Fig. 2 : Various profile materials, such as aluminum, wood or composites, can be combined with functinal plastic elements
- Fig. 3 : When functionalizing components made of porous aluminum, the plastic melt enters the surface layer
- Fig. 4 : The backpack buckle is one of the first application examples for the processing recycled materialEn ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1KhiqGgjMQnQIHWhzkEvPdnsAUYClj9OX/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=37703
in KUNSTSTOFFE INTERNATIONAL > Vol. 112, N° 3 (2022) . - p. 16-18[article]Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 23353 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible Vacuum conveying reduces operating costs in KUNSTSTOFFE INTERNATIONAL, Vol. 102, N° 1 (01/2012)
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Titre : Vacuum conveying reduces operating costs Type de document : texte imprimé Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : p. 14-15 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Matières plastiques -- Appareils et matériel Tags : 'Transport aspiration' 'Système dosage 'Réduction coûts' 'Distribution matériaux' 'Fabrication connecteurs' 'Moulage injection' Index. décimale : 668.4 Plastiques, vinyles Résumé : Conveying Technology - A manufacturer of plug-in connectors annually produces about 20,000 different small parts on more than 100 injection molding machines. A central vacuum conveying system with Mink claw vacuum pumps supplies material to the individual machines and transports the runner regrind back to a collection bin. Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=13631
in KUNSTSTOFFE INTERNATIONAL > Vol. 102, N° 1 (01/2012) . - p. 14-15[article]Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 13637 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible