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Novel uses of micro-organisms in the paint industry : A review / Melrina Mascarenhas in PAINTINDIA, Vol. XLIX, N° 5 (05/1999)
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Titre : Novel uses of micro-organisms in the paint industry : A review Titre original : IPA AWARDS - 1999 : Review section : 1st prize winning paper Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Melrina Mascarenhas, Auteur Année de publication : 1999 Article en page(s) : p. 35-40 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Tags : 'Industrie peinture vernis' Biotechnologie Microorganisme 'Epuration eau usée' 'Eau usée industrielle' biologique' 'Déchet industriel' 'Traitement déchets' Adjuvant Antisalissure Index. décimale : 667.9 Revêtements et enduits Résumé : In the paint industry, the general emphasis has been on the control of micro-organisms due to their deleterious effects on both raw materials as well as the finished product. However increasingly, research is being conducted to discover ways of exploiting micro-organisms in a positive way. Thus the ability of micro-organisms to tolerate and degrade unwanted, waste products that are often toxic to the environment, is made use ofin biofiltration plants for VOC reduction and emission control. Effluent treatment plants use the same principle to reduce levels of wastes to acceptable standards. Micro-organisms are also capable of synthesizing useful products which may find use as raw materials in the paint field. Thus the production of antifouling agents, industrial polysaccharides, pigments, etc. by micro-organisms offer eco-friendly and cheaper alternatives to chemically produced products without any compromise on the quality of the final product. Moreover the ability to manipulate micro-organisms through genetic engineering opens the road to a host of possibilities in the future, making microbial biotechnology an exciting and interesting field of research. Note de contenu : - Present status of microbial biotechnology in the paint industry : - Volatile organic compound 5VOC) emission - control – Effluent and paint waste treatment – Production of antifouling agents – Production if paint additives – Future of biotechnology in the paint industry Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=12967
in PAINTINDIA > Vol. XLIX, N° 5 (05/1999) . - p. 35-40[article]Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 006492 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible The environment and materials, from the standpoints of ethics, social sciences, law and politics / Jean-Pierre Birat in MATERIAUX & TECHNIQUES, Vol. 107, N° 1 (2019)
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Titre : The environment and materials, from the standpoints of ethics, social sciences, law and politics Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Jean-Pierre Birat, Auteur Année de publication : 2019 Article en page(s) : 20 p. Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Durée de vie (Ingénierie)
Ethique de l'environnement
Matériaux -- Aspect de l'environnement
Politique de l'environnement
PollutionTags : Matériaux 'Production de matériaux' 'Utilisation des 'Matières premières' 'Economie circulaire' 'Empreinte écologique' 'Principe du pollueur-payeur' 'Développement durable' précaution' 'Hiérarchie déchets' 'Questions environnementales' ACV AFM 'Ethique l’environnement' Anthropocentrisme Biocentrisme Ecocentrisme 'Code Index. décimale : 304.2 Ecologie humaine : les activités sociales humaines et l'environnement. Pollution Résumé : Materials are deeply connected with the environment, because they stem from raw materials extracted from the geosphere, rely on large amounts of energy and of water in their production stage, project emissions to air, water and soil when their ores (or minerals) are mined, when they are made in steel mills or cement kilns, including very significant amounts of greenhouse gases. They also contribute to emissions and energy consumption of the artifacts of which they are part, either consumption or investment goods. Their connection with the biosphere raises many issues, in terms of toxicology, ecotoxicology or biodiversity or simply of public health or in the working place. Materials, as an essential part of the anthroposphere, interact deeply with the anthroposphere itself but also with the biosphere, the geosphere, the atmosphere and the hydrosphere, thus with nature in a general way through mechanisms which can no longer simply be described at the margin, as resource depletion or as pollution. This raises issues related to the sustainability of materials in human activities, in which they are deeply immersed and entangled. The standard way of dealing with these environmental issues is to invoke sustainability and to explain that all actors are engaged in sustainable development, a morals or an ethics that points in which direction to go: all players in the materials field, industry, institutions and research, claim allegiance to sustainable development. At a more technical level, specific tools like Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) are used extensively to measure the interaction of materials with the environment. This, however, is not enough to deal properly with the environmental issues of materials, because these issues are not marginal any longer: the anthroposphere has become so large with respect to the biosphere, the geosphere and the planet in general that environmental risk is now part of modern life, especially in connection with climate change and the loss of biodiversity. To go deeper in analyzing the connection of human activities with nature, it is therefore necessary to reach out to SSH (Social Science and Humanities) disciplines and particularly to environmental ethics. This is a prerequisite for materials scientists (and others) to act decisively in the future in the face of the danger that lies ahead of us. The present paper reviews the advances of environmental ethics, a fairly young discipline born in the 1970s, in as far as it can help all actors on the world anthropospheric theater choose their lines for the future in a more conscious and sophisticated way than simply claiming obedience to sustainability. We will review briefly intellectual forerunners of the discipline like Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Henri David Thoreau, Rachel Carson or Paul Ehrlich. This will help flesh out well-known concepts like the precautionary principle or the “polluter-pays” principle, which are invoked in creating new materials or new processes to keep pollution and health issues under control, as part of the constraints of professional ethics but also of environmental law. It will be necessary to question to whom or to what the key concept of intrinsic value is attached : people, all living organisms or ecosystems, i.e. the environment in general, and thus to define anthropocentrism, biocentrism and ecocentrism. Environmental law and the ethics of sustainable development are still mainly anthropocentric while scientific ecology is more clearly ecocentric. To tackle the challenges of environmental issues as they are posed today and to avoid catastrophes, it might be necessary in the future for all social players and for people of the world of materials to follow the steps of environmental ethics and to move up from anthropocentrism to the broader vision of ecocentrism. Note de contenu : - MORE ON THE CONNECTION BETWEEN MATERIALS, MATERIALS SCIENTISTS AND THE ENVIRONMENT
- POSITIONING MATERIALS AND THE SPHERES OF ECOLOGY IN AN HISTORICAL AND PHILOSOPHICAL PERSPECTIVE
- KEYWORDS : NATURE, ENVIRONMENT AND ECOLOGY
- ESSENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL CONCEPTS : Identification of "environmental issues" : pollution and environmental damage, resources and resource depletion, ecosystems and biodiversity - Construction of the concept of sustainability - Damage to human health and to non-human health - toxicology and ecotoxicology - Environmental polycymaking, law and legislation
- DISCIPLINARY APPROACHES TO THE ENVIRONMENTS : Natural philosophy and the separation of science from philosophy - National parks and the appeal of wilderness - Critical events and critical writings - Environmental philosophy and philosophy of environment - Environmental ethics : major concepts and schools of thought - More radical approaches : ecofeminism, ecocriticism and social ecology - How do various institutions fare regarding environmental ethics ?
- ENVIRONMENTAL LAWS, CODES AND REGULATIONS
- MEASURING THE SOCIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL VALUES OF OBJECTS, TECHNOLOGIES AND SERVICESRéférence de l'article : 102 DOI : 10.1051/mattech/2018067 En ligne : https://www.mattech-journal.org/articles/mattech/pdf/2019/01/mt180036.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=32682
in MATERIAUX & TECHNIQUES > Vol. 107, N° 1 (2019) . - 20 p.[article]Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 20924 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible