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Some properties of wet-blue leathers produced from recycled chrome tanning liquors / John R. Barlow in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 61, N° 2 (03-04/1977)
[article]
Titre : Some properties of wet-blue leathers produced from recycled chrome tanning liquors Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : John R. Barlow, Auteur ; S. W. Ip, Auteur Année de publication : 1977 Article en page(s) : p. 29-33 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Chrome -- Recyclage
Couleur
Produits chimiques -- Consommation -- Réduction
Résistance à la déchirure
Résistance à la traction
Tannage au chrome
Température de retrait
Wet-blue (tannage)Peau tannée au chrome (le chrome donne une couleur bleue)Index. décimale : 675.2 Préparation du cuir naturel. Tannage Résumé : A simple recycling system was used in the preparation of wet-blue leathers, with the residual chrome tanning liquor being replenished with acid and salt before being used for pickling the next batch of bated hide. Chrome tanning powder was added to the liquor on completion of pickling, to give a total offer of the required amount, with the wet blues thus produced being compared to those prepared by a conventional process. Two series of experiments were carried out to give either "low chrome" (1.8 % Cr203, dry weight basis) or "normal chrome" (2.5 % Cr203) wet blues. Within each series, the initial properties and storage behaviour were unaffected by the use of recycled, rather than fresh, chrome tanning liquors. Low chrome and normal chrome samples displayed similar stability under the storage conditions used, with neither set showing deterioration of the measured properties after the prescribed holding time. Colour measurements on the wet-blues before and after storage showed that the leathers from recycled liquors did not undergo changes greater than those of the control samples, and that between-batch colour differences should not be a problem in practical application. Wastage of chrome tanning salt, and hence concentration of chrome in the effluent, was reduced by approximately 90 % by recycling the residual tanning liquor, rather than discarding it as in a normal process. Overall consumption of chrome tanning salt was reduced by 13 (low chrome series) and by 24% (normal chrome series) compared to that of similar, conventional processes. Note de contenu : - INTRODUCTION : 1. Storage behaviour - 2. Initial colour and between-batch colour vriation
- METHODS : Starting material
- TESTING OF WET-BLUES : Shrinkage temperature - Tensile strength and tear strength - Colour
- RESULTS : a) Effects of recycling on initial properties of wet-blues and on chemical consumption during processing - b) Change in properties of wet-blues during storage - c) The effect of recycling on the colour of wet-blues - d) Comparison of low chrome with normal chrome
- Fig. 1 : Processing schedule
- Table 1 : Some chemical and physical properties of wet-blue leathers methods
- Table 2 : Chemical consumption-comparison of standard and recycling
- Table 3 : Percentage changes in the value of some properties of wet-blues after three months' storage
- Table 4 : Colour of leathers from recycled liquors, compared to that of leathers from control process
- Table 5 : Savings in chrome tanning Salts (£/annum) by recycling liquors, assuming 20% reduction in usageEn ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1IQRJ-9WYI38akuFUe8kWH_9V0PgrIyuE/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=34118
in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC) > Vol. 61, N° 2 (03-04/1977) . - p. 29-33[article]Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 007111 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible Some properties of wet-blue leathers produced from recycled chrome tanning liquors / John R. Barlow in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 61 et 62 (Années 1977 et 1978)
[article]
Titre : Some properties of wet-blue leathers produced from recycled chrome tanning liquors Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : John R. Barlow, Auteur ; H. S. W. Ip, Auteur Année de publication : 1978 Article en page(s) : p. 29-33 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Chrome -- Recyclage
Liqueurs de tannage
Résistance à la déchirure
Résistance à la traction
Température de retrait
Wet-blue (tannage)Peau tannée au chrome (le chrome donne une couleur bleue)Index. décimale : 675.2 Préparation du cuir naturel. Tannage Résumé : A simple recycling system was used in the preparation of wet-blue leathers, with the residual chrome tanning liquor being replenished with acid and salt before being used for pickling the next batch of bated hide. Chrome tanning powder was added to the liquor on completion of pickling, to give a total offer of the required amount, with the wet blues thus produced being compared to those prepared by a conventional process. Two series of experiments were carried out to give either "low chrome" (1.8 % Cr203, dry weight basis) or "normal chrome" (2.5 % Cr203) wet blues. Within each series, the initial properties and storage behaviour were unaffected by the use of recycled, rather than fresh, chrome tanning liquors. Low chrome and normal chrome samples displayed similar stability under the storage conditions used, with neither set showing deterioration of the measured properties after the prescribed holding time. Colour measurements on the wet-blues before and after storage showed that the leathers from recycled liquors did not undergo changes greater than those of the control samples, and that between-batch colour differences should not be a problem in practical application. Wastage of chrome tanning salt, and hence concentration of chrome in the effluent, was reduced by approximately 90 % by recycling the residual tanning liquor, rather than discarding it as in a normal process. Overall consumption of chrome tanning salt was reduced by 13 % (low chrome series) and by 24 % (normal chrome series) compared to that of similar, conventional processes. Note de contenu : - METHODS : Starting material
- TESTING OF WET-BLUES : Shrinkage temperature - Tensile strength and tear strength - Colour
- RESULTS : Effects of recycling on Initial Properties of wet-blues and on chemical consumption during processing - Change properties of wet-blues during storageEn ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1IQRJ-9WYI38akuFUe8kWH_9V0PgrIyuE/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=35212
in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC) > Vol. 61 et 62 (Années 1977 et 1978) . - p. 29-33[article]Exemplaires (1)
Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 008597 - Périodique Archives Documentaires Exclu du prêt
[article]
Titre : Strong cohesion : New filler linking enhances the properties of PTFE compounds Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Robert Veenendaal, Auteur ; Michael Schlipf, Auteur Année de publication : 2018 Article en page(s) : p. 42-45 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Charges (matériaux)
Déformations (mécanique)
Essais dynamiques
Matières plastiques -- Propriétés mécaniques
Polytétrafluoréthylène
Résistance à la tractionIndex. décimale : 668.4 Plastiques, vinyles Résumé : Although fluor-homopolymers already have high performance properties, they are difficult to modify selectively. This is due to the extremely stable chemical bonding of the polymer, which impedes the cohesion to additives. A new type of filler strengthens the bond between particles and plastic. Note de contenu : - Improved properties caused by matrix bonding
- Reduced deformation under compressive load
- Improvements in multiple respects
- Dynamic endurance
- Applications in oil production and vehicles
- Fig. 1 : The stress-strain diagram of newly developed PDR015/310 compared to TFM 3262 (contains 10% carbon fibers). Due to the good adhesion between polymer and filler particles PDR015/310 shows a significantly higher tensile strength
- Fig. 2 : The characteristics of PDR015/310 over a wide temperature range : the higher values for the complex module E* show the consistently higher rigidity of PDR015/310, even at extremely low and high temperatures
- Fig. 3 : Compression deformation at 15 MPa over 100 h. The significantly lower deformation of PDR 015/310 under load is the consequence of the solid incorporation of the filler into the polymer matrix
- Fig. 4 : Density, tensile strength and elongation show the improved properties of the newly developed PDR015/310 compared to previous products
- Fig. 5 : K-factor as a removal of a seal under defined friction conditions. Compared to TFM 3262 (contains 10 % carbon fibers) and TFM 3215 (contains 25 % carbon fibers), PDR015/310 is the com¬pound with the lowest abrasion according to ASTM-D 3702En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1Vy4oWAlYrq65ZowCAloRNyiIOibps9AD/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=31539
in KUNSTSTOFFE INTERNATIONAL > Vol. 108, N° 11 (11/2018) . - p. 42-45[article]Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 20331 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible Study the ideal proportions of matrix, reinforcing materials and additives to obtain a composite material with high tensile strength / Touil Issam in REVUE DES COMPOSITES ET DES MATERIAUX AVANCES, Vol. 32, N° 5 (10/2022)
[article]
Titre : Study the ideal proportions of matrix, reinforcing materials and additives to obtain a composite material with high tensile strength Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Touil Issam, Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Article en page(s) : p. 243-251 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Composites à fibres de verre -- Propriétés mécaniques
Composites à fibres végétales -- Propriétés mécaniques
Essais dynamiques
Matériaux hybrides
Polyesters insaturésLes résines de polyesters insaturés (UP) sont obtenues par polycondensation
d’un ou de plusieurs diacides avec un ou plusieurs glycols, l’un, au moins, des constituants contenant une double liaison éthylénique susceptible de réagir ultérieurement sur un composé vinylique, acrylique ou allylique.
Par le terme résine polyester, on désigne en fait la dissolution du prépolymère polyester insaturé dans un solvant copolymérisable, le plus utilisé étant le styrène. C’est sous cette forme liquide que les résines polyesters sont livrées aux transformateurs.
Après addition de différents adjuvants, charges et renforts, divers procédés de transformation provoquent, sous l’action d’un système catalytique approprié, la copolymérisation finale de la résine en un objet thermodurcissable.
Les polyesters insaturés sont d’un usage relativement ancien (1950), essentiellement
dans le bâtiment (moulage au contact). Ils ont connu un renouveau important à partir de 1980, en particulier au niveau des formulations et de la fiabilité des procédés grâce au développement de technologies industrielles de moulage par injection et par compression dans l’industrie automobile.
Résistance à la traction
Sciure de boisIndex. décimale : 668.4 Plastiques, vinyles Résumé : In this research, a statistical research methodology was used for a composite material consisting of a matrix of "unsaturated polyester" with different weight percentages reinforced with glass fibers with different weight percentages as well, in addition to sawdust with the following percentages 0%, 01%, 05%, 10% and this is in order to Knowing the weight ratio range for each of: Matrix / Reinforcement Material / Additive (Unsaturated Polyester / Glass Fiber / Sawdust - Po / gf / sd) to obtain a composite material with high mechanical properties - resistance to tensile forces. By analyzing the results of tensile tests to select the ideal test samples, we conclude that the recommended mass field or peak field is best for obtaining a composite material with high properties - resistance to tensile forces - consisting of an unsaturated polyester matrix reinforced with 300 g/m2 glass fibers added to sawdust as follows: The mass of unsaturated polyester - from 65% to 75% and from 20% to 30% of the mass of fiberglass contains the mass of the additive - sawdust in the amount of 1% to 10%, and this is in relation to the total mass of the sample of the composite material. Note de contenu : - INTRODUCTION : Composite material - Reinforcing material - Sawdust2
- RESEARCH CONTRIBUTION AND OBJECTIVES
- MATERIALS AND METHODS : Set 1 : in this set of specimens, we used - SET II3 - Specimens'preparation - Method
- TENSILE TEST : Examination steps
- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : Tensile results for the first set Po / gf /sd 00 - Results of the tensile tests for the second set: Po / gf /sd 01 - Results of the tensile tests for the third set: set: Po / gf /sd 05 - Results of the tensile tests for the fourth set: Po / gf /sd 10 Graphs - Discussion and analysis
- Table 1 : State coding table Mass ratios of unsaturated polyester resin/ Mass of Glass fiber
- Table 2 : Mass ratios of unsaturated polyester resin % / glass fiber reinforcement %
- Table 3 : State coding table Mass ratios of unsaturated polyester resin/ Mass of Glass fiber + 01% Mass of sawdust
- Table 4 : Weight ratios of unsaturated polyester resin material and glass fiber reinforcement + 01 %wt added sawdust
- Table 5 : State coding table Mass ratios of unsaturated polyester resin/ Mass of Glass fiber + 05% Mass of sawdust
- Table 6 : Weight ratios of unsaturated polyester resin material and glass fiber reinforcement + 05 %wt added sawdust
- Table 7 : State coding table Mass ratios of unsaturated polyester resin/ Mass of Glass fiber + 10 % Mass of sawdust
- Table 8 : Weight ratios of unsaturated polyester resin material and glass fiber reinforcement + 10 %wt added sawdust
- Table 9 : Results of the tensile for the first set
- Table 10 : Tensile strength results for a composite material based on unsaturated polyester reinforced by glass fiber + 1% sawdust
- Table 11 : Tensile strength results for a composite material based on unsaturated polyester reinforced by glass fiber + 05% sawdust
- Table 12 : Tensile strength results for a composite material based on unsaturated polyester reinforced by glass fiber + 10% sawdustDOI : https://doi.org/10.18280/rcma.320505 En ligne : https://iieta.org/download/file/fid/83266 Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=38603
in REVUE DES COMPOSITES ET DES MATERIAUX AVANCES > Vol. 32, N° 5 (10/2022) . - p. 243-251[article]Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 23828 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible A survey of current bookbinding leathers : Part 1 : Chemical an physical properties / M. S. Thomson in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 86, N° 4 (07-08/2002)
[article]
Titre : A survey of current bookbinding leathers : Part 1 : Chemical an physical properties Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : M. S. Thomson, Auteur ; Geoffrey E. Attenburrow, Auteur ; I. Ionnadis, Auteur ; S. Jeyapalina, Auteur ; T. Lochmuller, Auteur Année de publication : 2002 Article en page(s) : p. 163-170 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Cuirs et peaux -- Propriétés chimiques
Cuirs et peaux -- Propriétés mécaniques
Cuirs et peaux -- Propriétés physiques
Essais de résilience
Essais dynamiques
Lastomètre
Reliure
Résistance à la déchirure
Résistance à la tractionIndex. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : Many books spend most of their lives, unused, on library shelves. However, when their owner or the library subscriber wishes to read them they expect the bindings to be in perfectly sound condition. Unlike the majority of products made from leather, bookbindings are expected to last almost indefinitely. That is why when, in the middle of the nineteenth century, it was discovered that large numbers of new bindings were deteriorating rapidly, an explanation was sought. That is also why, over the next century and a half, investigations were made into methods for producing bookbinding leathers with increased resistance to the various agents of deterioration. Care had to be taken, however, to ensure that the materials produced retained the physical characteristics which had made leather the premier choice of bookbinders for hundreds of years. These include ease of paring, easeof moulding, lack of springiness and ability to be tooled. Note de contenu : - CHEMICAL PROPERTIES : Moisture content - Total ash - Loss by washing - Organic loss by washing - Water insoluble salts - Total nitrogen/skin substance - Aluminium content - Aluminium content
- CONCLUSIONS
- PHYSICAL PROPERTIES : tensile strength - Tear strength - Lastometer test - Resistance To flexing whilst under strain - Softness
- Table 1 : Représentative european bookbinding leathers
- Table 2 : Chemical test results
- Table 3 : Physcal test resultsEn ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1i9PQwHVQSeUY9AaifF5Q-sgM70k8nv87/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=39907
in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC) > Vol. 86, N° 4 (07-08/2002) . - p. 163-170[article]Sustainable polymeric binder for demanding construction adhesives / Robert Cuscino in ADHESIVES & SEALANTS INDUSTRY (ASI), Vol. 25, N° 7 (07/2018)
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PermalinkTanning chemicals' influence in leather tensile and tear strength review / Ricardo A. Tournier in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CXV, N° 11 (11/2020)
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PermalinkThe lasting behaviour of shoe upper leather / J. A. J. Luijten in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 60 (Année 1976)
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