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CuZnAl mixed oxides derived from hydrotalcites as adsorbents of leather dye acid red 357 / Renata Daiane Sulkovski in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 104, N° 6 (11-12/2020)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC) > Vol. 104, N° 6 (11-12/2020) . - p. 267-270 Titre : CuZnAl mixed oxides derived from hydrotalcites as adsorbents of leather dye acid red 357 Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Renata Daiane Sulkovski, Auteur ; Mariliz Gutterres, Auteur ; Oscar William Perez-Lopez, Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : p. 267-270 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Absorbants et adsorbants Caractérisation Colorants acides Cuirs et peaux -- Industrie -- Aspect de l'environnement Cuirs et peaux -- Teinture Déchets -- Elimination Eaux usées -- Epuration Hydroxydes doubles lamellaires Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) and mixed oxides derived from its calcination have been reported in the literature as promising adsorbent materials in the remediation of several environmental pollutants. Due to their physicochemical properties, adsorption capacity and simple thermal regeneration procedure, these materials are interesting alternatives to conventional adsorbents. In this context, this study presents the synthesis, characterization and the results obtained with calcined LDH of CuZnAI for the colour removal in water of Acid Red 357, an anionic dye used in leather dyeing. The solid was synthesised by the co-precipitation method and characterised by N2 physisorption, Xray diffractometry and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The influence of contact time on the adsorption process, adsorbent dosage and the memory effect of the mixed oxide were evaluated. The results showed an 80% removal percentage for counting times over 90 minutes and the ability of the adsorbent to reconstruct the lamellar structure after adsorption. Note de contenu : - MATERIALS AND METHODS : Adsorbend synthesis - Adsorbent characterisation - Adsorption experiments - RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : Adsorbents characterisation - Adsorption experiments En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1rYFfOOLalzmPnB0KG__q6uIRoOs2Mwmf/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=34902 [article]

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Comparative study of moisture permeability of three natural leathers / Zhong Anhua in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 104, N° 6 (11-12/2020)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC) > Vol. 104, N° 6 (11-12/2020) . - p. 271-274 Titre : Comparative study of moisture permeability of three natural leathers Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Zhong Anhua, Auteur ; Wang Jie, Auteur ; Ling Yali, Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : p. 271-274 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Cuirs et peaux -- Analyse Cuirs et peaux de bovins Cuirs et peaux de moutons Cuirs et peaux de porcs Humidité Perméabilité Température Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : Pigskin, cowhide and sheepskin are commonly used clothing materials in our life. The study of moisture permeability is very important. In this paper, the effects of temperature and humidity on the moisture permeability of three kinds of leather were studied. The results showed that the moisture permeability of the three kinds of leather increased with the increase of temperature, and the rising trends of pigskin and sheepskin were similar. When the temperature was greater than 20°C, their order of moisture permeability was cowhide > pigskin > sheepskin. With the increase of humidity, the moisture permeabilities of the three kinds of leather were close to each other, the changing trend of moisture permeability of pigskin and sheepskin was very similar. The moisture permeability of sheepskin is greatest at high humidity. By comparing the 3d surface and the mathematical model, it was found that humidity has a greater influence on its moisture permeability than temperature. Note de contenu : Pigskin, cowhide and sheepskin are commonly used clothing materials in our life. The study of moisture permeability is very important. In this paper, the effects of temperature and humidity on the moisture permeability of three kinds of leather were studied. The results showed that the moisture permeability of the three kinds of leather increased with the increase of temperature, and the rising trends of pigskin and sheepskin were similar. When the temperature was greater than 20°C, their order of moisture permeability was cowhide > pigskin > sheepskin. With the increase of humidity, the moisture permeabilities of the three kinds of leather were close to each other, the changing trend of moisture permeability of pigskin and sheepskin was very similar. The moisture permeability of sheepskin is greatest at high humidity. By comparing the 3d surface and the mathematical model, it was found that humidity has a greater influence on its moisture permeability than temperature. En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1qqfYYxLyy-dux_NUF9qJTPa22QcR-v42/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=34903 [article]

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Microwave and ultrasound assisted reduction of a benzidine based bis azo dyed leather / Farman Ahmed in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 104, N° 6 (11-12/2020)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC) > Vol. 104, N° 6 (11-12/2020) . - p. 275-282 Titre : Microwave and ultrasound assisted reduction of a benzidine based bis azo dyed leather Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Farman Ahmed, Auteur ; Rajkumar Dewani, Auteur ; Muhammad Zubair Asim, Auteur ; Munawwer Rasheed, Auteur ; Muhammad Mansoor Shaikh, Auteur ; Muhammad Kashif Pervez, Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : p. 275-282 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Benzidine La benzidine est le nom familier du 4,4'-diamino biphényle, une amine aromatique cancérogène qui a été utilisée pour divers tests (sur le cyanure, pour la détection du sang et celle de l'hémoglobine), ou encore dans la synthèse de colorants et teintures. Sa responsabilité dans l'induction du cancer de la vessie et du cancer pancréatique a été démontrée. Au milieu des années 1970, la benzidine, ainsi que d'autres amines aromatiques telles que le 2-amino naphtalène, ont dans les pays développés été interdites d'utilisation dans pratiquement toutes les industries, en raison de leur caractère fortement cancérogène. Dans le passé, un test sanguin courant utilisait la benzidine pour évaluer la quantité d'hémoglobine présente dans le sang, le plasma ou l'urine9 mais cet examen a été en grande partie remplacé par des tests utilisant la phénolphtaléine / le peroxyde d'hydrogène et le luminol. Une enzyme sanguine provoque l’oxydation de la benzidine en un polymère coloré en bleu. Le test au cyanure utilise un procédé chimique similaire pour obtenir la couleur bleue. La benzidine est maintenant classée cancérogène certain pour l'homme. Des analogues chimiques de la Benzidine ont d'ailleurs été utilisés comme agents mutagènes pour des expériences sur la bactérie Salmonella typhimurium (souche TA 1538)11 ; certains se sont montrés 10 fois plus cancérigène. (Wikipedia) Chimie analytique Chromatographie en phase gazeuse Colorants azoïques Cuirs et peaux -- Analyse Cuirs et peaux -- Teinture Economies d'énergie Essais (technologie) Micro-ondes Réduction (chimie) Rouge (couleur) Spectrométrie de masse Ultrasons Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : The current study was designed to explore greener avenues into the traditional leather testing for banned aromatic amines according to the standard method ISO/DIS 17234-1/(IUC 20-1), with final quantification performed through GC-MS. The standard test procedure was used for initial screening of leather samples dyed with a bis azo dye, Direct Red 28 and substantial quantity of benzidine was released after reduction with sodium hydrosulphite. The effect of microwave heating and ultrasound assisted heating on reductive cleavage of dyed leather was investigated by adopting the established procedures for the analysis of specific aromatic amines in leather samples with slight variations in reduction process only. Dyed leather samples were exposed to ultrasonication in addition to heating at standard temperature for different durations of time. Similarly, in microwave assisted reduction MAR experiments, samples were exposed to microwave energy in successive cooling and heating cycles (pulses) for heating durations of 2 and 3 minutes. Samples in ail experimental trials were estimated with GC-MS. Results obtained from MAR and ultrasound assisted reduction (UAR) trials were compared with those from standard test method for leather revealing that the former were carried out in lesser time and were also energy efficient. The energy saving was 80.6% whereas time saving was 22.2% in case of UAR as compared to the standard method. Similarly, 93.6% of energy saving and 73.3% of time saving was achieved with MAR. The effect of ultrasonic energy could be utilised for reaction enhancement as an option where there are temperature restrictions such as in case of reactions in biological systems or with bio materials. Pulse microwave is another powerful technique, currently explored for analytical purpose. The work is a step towards green analytical chemistry which is the pathway to sustainability. Note de contenu : - EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURES : Leather dyeing - Instrumentation (GC-MS - Standard procedure for leather analysis - RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : UAR of dyed leather (Method 1) - MAR of dyed leather (Method 2) - Table 1 : Amines detected in leather samples, dyed with DR-28, subjected to established procedure, UAR and MAR and analysed by GC-MS - Table 2 : Comparative profile of power output from microwave and ultrasonic equipment (approximated values) En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1Hy0iKPMiQgdj8SKRKEJW0vdyJBBaHv1y/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=34904 [article]

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Appreciation of waste yak hair : preparation and characterisation of keratin from yak hair using urea and sodium sulfide / Ruirui Wang in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 104, N° 6 (11-12/2020)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC) > Vol. 104, N° 6 (11-12/2020) . - p. 283-287 Titre : Appreciation of waste yak hair : preparation and characterisation of keratin from yak hair using urea and sodium sulfide Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Ruirui Wang, Auteur ; Sa Ban, Auteur ; Qi Zhao, Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : p. 283-287 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Analyse thermique Biomatériaux Caractérisation Cuir et peau de Yak Développement durable Extraction (chimie) kératines La kératine est une protéine, synthétisée et utilisée par de nombreux êtres vivants comme élément de structure, et également l'exemple-type de protéine fibreuse. La kératine est insoluble, et peut être retrouvée sur l'épiderme de certains animaux, notamment les mammifères, ce qui leur garantit une peau imperméable. Parfois, lors d'une friction trop importante, la kératine se développe à la surface de la peau formant une callosité. Les cellules qui produisent la kératine meurent et sont remplacées continuellement. Les morceaux de kératine qui restent emprisonnés dans les cheveux sont couramment appelés des pellicules. La molécule de kératine est hélicoïdale et fibreuse, elle s'enroule autour d'autres molécules de kératine pour former des filaments intermédiaires. Ces protéines contiennent un haut taux d'acides aminés à base de soufre, principalement la cystéine, qui forment un pont disulfure entre les molécules, conférant sa rigidité à l'ensemble. La chevelure humaine est constituée à 14 % de cystéine. Il y a deux principales formes de kératines : l'alpha-kératine, ou α-keratin, présente chez les mammifères notamment, dont l'humain, et la bêta-kératine, ou β-keratin, que l'on retrouve chez les reptiles et les oiseaux. Ces deux types de kératines ne présentent clairement pas d'homologie de séquence. Chez l'être humain, la kératine est fabriquée par les kératinocytes, cellules se trouvant dans la couche profonde de l'épiderme. Les kératinocytes absorbent la mélanine (pigment fabriqué par les mélanocytes), se colorent et ainsi cette pigmentation de l'épiderme permet de protéger les kératinocytes des rayons ultraviolets du Soleil. (Wikipedia) Poids moléculaires Poils -- Recyclage Recyclage (déchets, etc.) Sulfure de sodium Urée Index. décimale : 667.9 Revêtements et enduits Résumé : In order to realise the re-use of waste yak hair, in this research, keratin was extracted from yak hair by urea and sodium sulfide. During extraction, the hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interaction in keratin from yak hair was destroyed using urea and the disulfide bonds were reduced to mercapto groups using sodium sulfide. Moreover, the strong alkalinity of sodium sulfide could also decompose the chemical bonds in the keratin and promote the dissolution of yak hair. The FTIR spectrum confirmed this view. The recycling of the urea and sodium sulfide liquid reduced the cost of extraction and solved the environmental problems. The extracted keratin from yak hair using urea and sodium sulfide had high molecular weight, good thermal stability and high crystallinity based on GPC, TG, DTG, DSC and XRD. The re-use of waste yak hair as a raw material and the development of new keratin from the hair were conducive to the high value conversion of waste yak hair, in line with the strategic direction of sustainable development. This research laid a foundation for the development of keratin based biomaterials with unique functions. Note de contenu : - EXPERIMENTAL SECTION : Materials and chemicals - Characterisation of the keratin from yak hair - RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : Molecular weight of the keratin from yak hair - FTIR spectrum of the keratin from yak hair - XRD pattern of the keratin from yak hair - TG and DTG curves of the keratin from yak hair - DSC curve of the keratin from yak hair - Extraction mechanism of the keratin from yak hair En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1472jctCi-gARVlwMGzBVuX44No-fw8Ee/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=34909 [article]

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Synthesis of eco-friendly polymeric resins and their rote in making leather with improved retanning properties and wastewater pollution / Muhammad Naveed Ashraf in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 104, N° 6 (11-12/2020)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC) > Vol. 104, N° 6 (11-12/2020) . - p. 288-299 Titre : Synthesis of eco-friendly polymeric resins and their rote in making leather with improved retanning properties and wastewater pollution Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Muhammad Naveed Ashraf, Auteur ; Shahzad Maqsood Khan, Auteur ; Shahid Munir, Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : p. 288-299 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Biopolymères Biopolymères -- Synthèse Cuir -- Teneur en formaldéhyde Cuirs et peaux -- Propriétés mécaniques Cuirs et peaux -- Propriétés organoleptiques Eaux usées -- Analyse Fourier, Spectroscopie infrarouge à transformée de Glutaraldéhyde Mélamine La mélamine, de nom chimique 1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine, est parfois dénommée cyanuramide ou cyanurotriamine. Sa formule brute est C3H6N6. Les "résines mélamine-formaldéhyde" ou "mélamine-formol" (sigle MF) sont appelées "mélamine" dans le langage courant. Elles font partie de la famille des aminoplastes qui regroupe des résines thermodurcissables aminées, issues d'un comonomère tel l'urée ou la mélamine, parfois le thiocarbamide, le cyanamide hydrogène ou le dicyandiamide ; le second comonomère étant le formaldéhyde. Morphologie (matériaux) Poids moléculaires Polymères -- Synthèse Retannage Rhéologie Sulfanilique, Acide Thermogravimétrie Index. décimale : 675.2 Préparation du cuir naturel. Tannage Résumé : In this work a novel and eco-friendly retanning agent was developed to eliminate the potential risk of formaldehyde occurrence in leather along with improving the characteristics of leather. A series of sulfanilic acid modified melamine-glutaraldehyde resins were produced at varied mole ratios of melamine, glutaraldehyde and sulfanilic acid. The glutaraldehyde to melamine mole ratio (GL/M) was varied from 2 to 6 whereas the sulfanilic acid to melamine mole ratio (SNA/M) was varied from 0.5 to 3. The viscosity trend of resins in the series was studied. Synthesised resins were used in retanning leather in comparison with a melamine-formaldehyde resin as a control. Retanned pieces of leather were evaluated for their mechanical properties and organoleptic properties. Samples of leather retanned with the optimal resin were also analysed for comparative free formaldehyde determination. Scanning electron microscopy was performed to study the morphology of grain surface and fibre structure of resulting leather. Effluent received from retanning process was analysed for pollution load estimation. The optimum resin was subjected to determination of its molecular weight, to thermo gravimetric analysis and FTIR. It was obvious from the results of this study that the optimal resin produced a leather with improved mechanical and organoleptic properties in comparison with the control. Estimation of formaldehyde content in leather proved the complete elimination of free formaldehyde in leather whereas the level in control leather was 152mg/kg. Results from the pollution load study of waste water confirmed an improvement in efficiency of COD, TDS, TSS and formaldehyde by 13.40%, 9.71%, 8.82% and 100% respectively. SEM monographs of grain surface and collagen fibres showed better filling, distribution and reactivity of the optimal resin. Thermo gravimetric analysis proved the increase in thermal stability of developed resin by 16.3% as compared to control. The eco-friendly condensation polymer produced in this work was considered suitable for making formaldehyde-free leather with improved retanning properties, thermal stability and pollution load. Note de contenu : - EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE : Chemicals and apparatus - Preparation of sulfanilic acid modified melamine-glutaraldehyde resins (MGLSNA) - RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : Schematic route of synthesis - Viscosity trend in MGLSNA series - Leather application of MGLSNA resins - Mechanical properties of retanned leather - Organoleptic properties of leather - Comparative SEM analysis of leather - Quantitative estimation of fre formaldehyde content in leather - Molecular weight determination of optimal MGLSNA resin - Thermo gravimetric analysis - Structural elucidation through FTIR - Effluent analysis - Table 1 : Mole ratios and physical characteristics of prepared MGSLNA resins - Experimental data - Table 2 : Leather processing materials, conditions and recipe - Table 3 : Mechanical characteristics of leather retanned with resins MGLSNA - Table 4 : Dependence of flow time, relative viscosity, specific viscosity, Δ, ηsp - inηr and Δ/c2 different concentrations of MGLSNA resin #08 - Table 5 : Comparative pollution load reduction efficiency of optimum MGLSNA resin - Scheme 1 : Formation of hydroxy derivatives of melamine - Scheme 2 : Preparation of sodium salt of sulfanilic acid - Scheme 3 : Sulfonation of hydroxy derivatives of melamine - Scheme 4 : Condensation of monomers to produce resin MGLSNA - Fig. 1 : Comparative study of organoloeptic properties of MGLSNA resins - Fig. 2 : Scanning electron micrographs of cross section of grain surface (X50) and collagen fibre (X500) - Fig. 3 : Dependence of Δ/c2 on the concentration of optimal resin MGLSNA#08 - Fig. 4 : TGA of optimal resin MGLSNA#08 and commercial melamine resin - Fig. 5 : FTIR of MGLSNA#08 resins En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1ebHKU_sNQN0nAZXxMvUEazp3CWa7RHtj/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=34910 [article]

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Investigation of the effect of argon atmospheric pressure plasma (APP) on the finishing process of garment leathers / Safiye Meric Acikel in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 104, N° 6 (11-12/2020)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC) > Vol. 104, N° 6 (11-12/2020) . - p. 300-306 Titre : Investigation of the effect of argon atmospheric pressure plasma (APP) on the finishing process of garment leathers Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Safiye Meric Acikel, Auteur ; Meruyert Kaygusuz, Auteur ; Ali Serdar Gultek, Auteur ; Ahmet Aslan, Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : p. 300-306 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Angle de contact Argon Caractérisation Cuirs et peaux -- Finition Cuirs et peaux -- Propriétés mécaniques Plasma à pression atmosphérique Un plasma à pression atmosphérique (ou plasma à PA ou plasma froid) est le nom donné à une catégorie spéciale de plasma pour lequel la pression approche celle de l’atmosphère. Le plasma à pression atmosphérique marque une nette différence avec le plasma basse et haute pression. En effet, contrairement à ces derniers aucune enceinte de traitement n'est nécessaire. Ce type de plasma peut donc être utilisé directement sur ligne de production, évitant ainsi l'utilisation de vide qui est extrêmement onéreuse. Résistance aux frottements humides Solidité de la couleur Surfaces -- Analyse Vêtements en cuir Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : In this study the effect of argon atmospheric pressure plasma on the finishing process of garment leathers was investigated. The argon atmospheric pressure plasma (APP) activation was applied to the garment leathers' surfaces for different treatment times (0, 3, 6 and 9 sec/cm2). After argon APP application, the garment leathers were produced by traditional finishing process. The surface properties of the treated leathers were characterised by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The elemental and chemical composition of the leather surfaces was assessed by XPS (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy) and FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy) analysis, respectively. The surface states of the leathers were evaluated by contact angle measurements and physical properties of the leathers such as tensile strength, elongation at break, double edge tear load, thickness, colour and rubbing fastness were examined. According to the obtained results, it was found that the hydrophilic property of the plasma treated garment leathers is increased. In the physical properties results, a slight increase in tensile strength, tear load and elongation at break were observed being in parallel with the increase in plasma duration. In addition, plasma modification improved the colour and rubbing fastness of the leather alter finishing. The best results were obtained for 9 seconds of argon plasma treatment. It was concluded that non-destructive modification of leather surface leading to better physical and fastness properties could be achieved by appropriate gas selection and sufficient application time. Note de contenu : - MATERIALS AND METHODS : Materials - Experimental set-up - Physical and fastness properties of the treated leathers - Characterisation - RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : Contact angle results - SEM results - ATR-FTIR results - XPS results - CIE Lab colour fastness resutls - Physical and fatness properties of the treated leathers - Table 1 : Sample pattern - Table 2 : Parameters used in the argon APP treatment - Table 3 : Finishing recipe of leathers - Table 4 : Element concentrations in the leather samples by XPS, (%) - Table 5 : CIE Lab results of leathers - Table 6 : Physical properties of leathers - Table 7 : Wet-dry rubbing fastness results - Fig. 1 : Water droplet images on the leather samples and the contact angle results. Numbering refers to exposure times (secs) - Fig. 2 : SEM images of argon APP treated leathers before finishing - Fig. 3 : SEM images of argon APP treated leathers after finishing En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1ysCBvrkpqYqLkjykMREJd7wVgFr5F7Sb/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=34911 [article]

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