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Titre : Sugar tanning Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Karl Flowers, Auteur ; Andy Schweizer, Auteur ; Wolfgang Armbruster, Auteur ; Daniel Gruseck, Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Article en page(s) : p. 30-34 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Composés organiques -- Synthèse
Cuirs et peaux -- Biodégradation
Ecotoxicologie
Réactions chimiques
Tannage chrome free
TrioseUn triose est un ose (monosaccharide) contenant trois atomes de carbone. Ils ont la même formule brute C3H6O3.
Il n'y a que deux trioses :
- le glycéraldéhyde, un aldotriose
- la dihydroxyacétone, un cétotriose
Les trioses jouent un rôle important dans la respiration. (Wikipedia)Index. décimale : 675.2 Préparation du cuir naturel. Tannage Résumé : The leather industry is constantly moving into new areas of chemistry and technology. The development of chromium-free leathers is an area of active research with great commercial incentives for tanneries to have a range of tannage types in their portfolio.
The chemical industry is keen to help tanners, including embracing green chemistry principles Kreuder et al. (2017). At the heart of these principles are the adoption of environmentallyfriendly practices and the use of chemicals that have low environmental and human impact. Low-risk profiles are a major driver for new tanning chemistry.
In terms of low environmental and social impacts, the tannage step is a key driver in determining the fundamental sustainability of a final leather article. A modem tanning chemical must ideallybe manufactured of renewable resources that should be of biogenic origin. If a waste biogenic chemical can be sourced, converted into a chemical ideal for tannage and then used with easy application, on multiple leather article types, then it will be of great interest to the international tanning community.
Further, leather manufacturing processes generate trimming and other processing by-products that must be sustainably and profitably managed. If the final leather, the by-products, (and the leather articles) can be part of a circular bioeconomy, then the fundamental chemical building blocks can be recycled back into natural elemental cycles.
This paper will outline a triose chemistry that will introduce new tannage capabilities that will allow even further green chemistry into the global leather industry.Note de contenu : - Which sugars ?
- Chemical reaction
- Manufacture science
- Process science
- Biodegradability science
- Fig. 1 : Chemical structure of triose
- Fig. 2 : Nucleophilic attack on the tanning agent (Ɛ-amino group tageting triose carbonyl)
- Fig. 3 : Chemical manufacture of triose
- Fig. 4 : Photo of disintegration of triose tanned leather on day 11 of the ISO 2O200 test
- Fig. 5 : Plant ecotoxicity studies of triose showing vibrant top growthEn ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1U5du7LjkPfHN-HGyaaxqzBk9ZWut21FG/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=38431
in INTERNATIONAL LEATHER MAKER (ILM) > N° 56 (11-12/2022) . - p. 30-34[article]Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 23658 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible Surfactants in sediments / L. Cavalli in TENSIDE, SURFACTANTS, DETERGENTS, Vol. 37, N° 5/2000 (09-10/2000)
[article]
Titre : Surfactants in sediments Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : L. Cavalli, Auteur ; A. Zatta ; M. Lazzarin ; G. Nucci ; S. Pravettoni ; L. Vigano ; G. Cassani, Auteur Année de publication : 2000 Article en page(s) : p. 282-288 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Adsorption
Chromatographie en phase liquide
Eau douce
Eaux continentales -- Pollution
Ecotoxicologie
Ethers de glycol
Milieu marin -- Pollution
Nonylphenol éthoxylates
Pollution -- Mesure
Polyéthylène glycol
Sédiments contaminés
Sulfonates d'alkylbenzène
Surfactants -- ToxicologieIndex. décimale : 668.1 Agents tensioactifs : savons, détergents Résumé : There is a general paucity of literature data dealing with surfactants monitoring in sediments using specific methodologies. The only surfactants for which a consistent data set already exists are Linear Alkylbenzene Sulphonate (LAS) and Nonyl Phenol Ethoxylate (NPE). Concentrations of LAS and NPE, have in fact been monitored in both fresh water and marine sediments and were generally found to range from 0 to 5.0 mg/kg. Higher levels were reported only for some sediments collected close to untreated or inadequately treated sewage effluent discharges. This paper reviews the existing monitoring data for these surfactants in sediments and also reports the preliminary results of a recent monitoring programme carried out on the bottom sediments of the main watercourse in Italy, the river Po, using HPLC methodologies. For the first time, attention has been focused not only on LAS but also on Alcohol Ethoxylate (AE). To our knowledge this is the first example of a concentration-specific estimate of AE in sediments. These results will be discussed and compared with the limited toxicity information which is available on benthic organisms. Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=3232
in TENSIDE, SURFACTANTS, DETERGENTS > Vol. 37, N° 5/2000 (09-10/2000) . - p. 282-288[article]Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 007661 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible The ecotoxicity of leathers under different tanning methods / Zhong Anhua in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 106, N° 2 (03-04/2022)
[article]
Titre : The ecotoxicity of leathers under different tanning methods Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Zhong Anhua, Auteur ; Fang Songchun, Auteur ; Wang Ji, Auteur ; Huang Zhuo, Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Article en page(s) : p. 65-72 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Chrome
Chrome hexavalent -- Toxicologie
Cuirs et peaux -- Analyse
Ecotoxicologie
Hydrocarbures
Métaux lourds
Métaux lourds -- Toxicologie
Sols -- Pollution
Tannage -- Aspect de l'environnementIndex. décimale : 675.2 Préparation du cuir naturel. Tannage Résumé : End-of-life is important when determining a material's sustainability credentials. Raw hides/skins are naturally biodegradable and, therefore, leather can play a key rote in a sustainable circular future. The addition of chemicals during tanning alters the disintegration rate and, different tanning methods likely produce leather with various toxicities.
Leather samples tanned using different methods were analysed for detectable values of common toxins. Ecotoxicological screening was carried out on 5-samples of each type of leather (chrome-tanned, chrome-free and vegetable-tanned). Chrome-tanned leather had significantly more detectable levels of chromium than other leathers. Vegetable-tanned leathers had significantly more detectable levels of extractable petroleum hydrocarbons compared to other samples.
At end-of-life, toxins from biodegradable leathers may contaminate soil. Oxidants within soit oxide Cr(III) to more toxic Cr(VI). Chromium is taken up by plants, impacting growth and development, due to its structural similarity to other essential nutrients. Petroleum hydrocarbons negatively impact soit enzyme activities which alters nutrient availability. These hydrophobic compounds stunt plant growth and development and exert a carcinogenic effect. Toxins within soils may affect organisms directly through ingestion or indirectly through bioaccumulation which poses a risk to human health.
Although the tanning method influences the ecotoxicological screen, the leather-making process is diverse (depending on desired leathers properties and application) and therefore, tanning type is not an accurate determinant of leather toxicity. Furthermore, the ecotoxicological screen is not comprehensive and, therefore, compounds with high toxicity may not be currently detected. Ecotoxicological screening methods should be improved to cover all compounds of concern.Note de contenu : - Sources of heavy metals
- Toxicity of chromium
- Sources of toxins at low detectable levels
- Sources of extractable petroleum hydrocarbons
- Toxicity of petroleum hydrocarbons
- Influence of soil characteristics on leather toxicity
- Alternative factors influencing leather toxicity
- Table 1 : Outcomes of the Kruskal-Wallis test, along with medians and ranges for each toxin
- Table 2 : High hazard threshold vs detected levels of contaminants in soilEn ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1W913HlTHZbbPNsl2VgsO_X9frP6gz9Xh/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=37485
in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC) > Vol. 106, N° 2 (03-04/2022) . - p. 65-72[article]Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 23351 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible The extracellular metabolite of bacillus coagulans MTCC 5856 as the next generation cosmetic ingredient / Muhammed Majeed in SOFW JOURNAL, Vol. 146, N° 12 (12/2020)
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Titre : The extracellular metabolite of bacillus coagulans MTCC 5856 as the next generation cosmetic ingredient Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Muhammed Majeed, Auteur ; Lakshmi Mundkur, Auteur ; Shaheen Majeed, Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : p. 20-23 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Antimicrobiens
Biodégradation
Ecotoxicologie
Ingrédients cosmétiques
Métabolites
Nutricosmétique
Peptides
Probiotiques
Sécurité des produits de consommation
Tests de sécuritéIndex. décimale : 668.5 Parfums et cosmétiques Résumé : - METHODS : Effect of bacillus ferment filtrate extract on preserving the extracellular matrix – Antimicrobial activity of bacillus ferment filtrate extract – Safety studies
- RESULTS : Effect of bacillus ferment filtrate extract on preserving the extracellular matrix – Antimicrobial activity of bacillus ferment filtrate extract
- SAFETY AND TOXICITY : Effect of bacillus ferment filtrate extract on in vitro ocular safety in SIRC cell lines – Effect of bacillus ferment filtrate extract on bacterial reverse mutation in salmonella typhymurium tester strains
- ECOTOXICITY STUDIES : Growth inhibition study of bacillus ferment filtrate extract on freshwater algae (pseudokirchneriella subcapitata) – Ready biodegradability – Stability and future applicationsNote de contenu : The concepts in beauty are constantly changing, bringing novel innovations in the cosmetic industry. The industry is also adapting to eco-friendly ingredients and packaging technologies, biodegradable cosmetics, environmentally safe products, and innovations to preserve the skin microbiome. We have earlier reported the extracellular metabolite from the probiotic strain Bacillus coagulans MTCC 5856 to have antimicrobial and skin protection activities. We examined the skin and environmental safety aspects of the ingredient in the present study. The studies were conducted as per the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) guidelines. Mutagenicity potential was studied by the Ames test. Environmental safety was conducted to assess the effect of the ingredient on microalgae and other zooplankton. LactoSporin was found to be safe in the ecotoxicity studies at a concentration of 100 mg/ L. It was readily biodegradable and was nonmutagenic. These results suggest that LactoSporin is an eco-friendly cosmetic ingredient with antimicrobial and skin-protecting properties. En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/13wY5mw-dRKfjmtaEsUp8M8meff9GWRh0/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=35003
in SOFW JOURNAL > Vol. 146, N° 12 (12/2020) . - p. 20-23[article]Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 22459 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible Total degradation or environmental experiment ? / C. Brunner in TENSIDE, SURFACTANTS, DETERGENTS, Vol. 37, N° 5/2000 (09-10/2000)
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Titre : Total degradation or environmental experiment ? Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : C. Brunner, Auteur ; U. Baumann, Auteur ; E. Pletscher, Auteur ; M. Eugster, Auteur ; St. Gallen, Auteur Année de publication : 2000 Article en page(s) : p. 276-280 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Chimie analytique
Eau -- Pollution
Eau douce
Eaux de surface
Eaux usées -- Analyse
Eaux usées -- Epuration
Eaux usées -- Stations de traitements
Ecotoxicologie
Métabolites
Poissons -- Effets de la pollution de l'eau
Pollution
Salmonidés
Spectrométrie infrarouge
ToxicologieIndex. décimale : 668.1 Agents tensioactifs : savons, détergents Résumé : Owing to the alarming state of health of Salmonidae in many Swiss rivers, effluents of sewage treatment plants were studied. Water-polluting substances were enriched by solid-phase extraction (reversed-phase), isolated and fractionated by thin-layer chromatography using automatic multiple development (AMD). By subsequent biological detection with Bacillus subtilis, Aspergillus niger, and Chlorella vulgaris the positions of the toxic substances were verified. The spots were scratched out and eluted, then the toxic substances were analysed by infrared spectroscopy and characterized in comparison with reference spectra. The infrared (IR) spectra of the effluents of the sewage treatment plant resembled strongly those of adducts of ethylene oxide and mono- and diglycerides, adducts of ethylene oxide and hydrogenated castor oil, amphoteric surfactants, and fatty alcohol alkoxylates. To verify the indications of the IR spectra the respective raw materials were subjected to biodegradation in an extended OECD-test 302B and a laboratory trickling filter test. Two of nine substances proved to be totally biodegradable. The refractory intermediates of the seven incompletely degradable substances were obtained through trickling filters, enriched by solid-phase extraction and analysed by infrared spectroscopy. After thin-layer chromatography and subsequent biological detection by Bacillus subtilis, only the trickling filter effluents of the amphoteric surfactants, e.g. cocoamphodiacetate and cocoamphodipropionate showed toxic effects. These substances are often used in shower gels and shampoos. To our knowledge, data on the ecotoxic or biological effects of their refractory compounds are not available. Considering the large amounts of these intermediates in surface water, further studies are necessary. The amounts are considerably larger than, for example, the amounts of drugs or pesticides (although this is not to question at all the problematic nature of drugs and pesticides). From the point of view of preventive environment t protection, substances that are used in large amounts should be completely biodegradable in sewage treatment plants under aerobic conditions. Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=3231
in TENSIDE, SURFACTANTS, DETERGENTS > Vol. 37, N° 5/2000 (09-10/2000) . - p. 276-280[article]Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 007661 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible Towards an eco-friendly photoprotection / Dominique Moyal in IFSCC MAGAZINE, Vol. 15, N° 2 (04-05-06/2012)
PermalinkToxicity values for cationic surfactants / B. Vallés in TENSIDE, SURFACTANTS, DETERGENTS, Vol. 37, N° 5/2000 (09-10/2000)
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