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JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC) / Union internationale des sociétés de techniciens et chimistes des industries du cuir . Vol. 108, N° 3Mention de date : 05-06/2024Paru le : 28/06/2024 |
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Ajouter le résultat dans votre panierAnalytical study for evaluating the condition of leather binding of a historical manuscript / Gomaa Abdel-Maksoud in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 108, N° 3 (05-06/2024)
[article]
Titre : Analytical study for evaluating the condition of leather binding of a historical manuscript Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Gomaa Abdel-Maksoud, Auteur ; Muhammad El-Qubaisy, Auteur ; Usama Mohammad Rashed, Auteur Année de publication : 2024 Article en page(s) : p. 113-121 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Antiquités (objets anciens) -- Analyse
Cuirs et peaux -- Détérioration
Manuscrits
ReliureTags : 'Reliure en cuir' 'Manuscrit historique' 'Période ottomane' Détérioration Documentation 'Techniques analytiques' Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : There are a large number of leather bound paper manuscripts in the Al-Azhar Library. These manuscripts suffer from deterioration because of unsuitable environmental conditions in their previous or current preservation places. This study aims to evaluate the condition of the leather binding of a copied historical manuscript of "The Low of Medicine by Ibn Sina" dated back to 1294 AH - 1877 AD which is preserved in the Al-Azhar Library. Digital microscopy and AutoCad were used to document the aspects of deterioration. The analytical techniques used for the explanation of the deterioration mechanism include the investigation of the surface morphology using digital and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and analysis by Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX), pH measurement, and Attenuated Total Reflectance/Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR). The results showed that the common aspects of deterioration were various types of stains, insect holes, detachment, tears, and erosion. The analytical techniques showed that the studied leather binding suffered from adverse deterioration and chemical instability. It also suffers from a decreased pH value, which affects the chemical instability. The presence of some elements, such as calcium, silicon, and iron, indicates the influence of pollution from the various preservation environments in which the manuscript’s binding was preserved. The study recommends providing conservation treatment and preventive conservation for the leather binding of the manuscript studied. Note de contenu : - Materials
- Methods
- Documentation
- Investigation and analysisPermalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=41136
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité - - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible Preparation and properties of corn starch/polyacrylate emulsion finishing agent / Li Zeyang in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 108, N° 3 (05-06/2024)
[article]
Titre : Preparation and properties of corn starch/polyacrylate emulsion finishing agent Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Li Zeyang, Auteur ; Sui Zhihui, Auteur ; Zhang QI, Auteur ; Deng Lihua, Auteur ; Cao Xiangyu, Auteur ; Fang Hu, Auteur Année de publication : 2024 Article en page(s) : p. 122-126 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Acrylate de butyle
Amidons
Caractérisation
Chimie analytique
Croûte (cuir)On entend par "cuir en croûte" des cuirs ayant subi les opérations jusqu'au tannage, à l'exclusion de toute opération de corroyage ou de finissage, mais qui, par opposition aux wet-blue ont été séchés.
Cuirs et peaux -- Finition
Emulsions
Maïs et constituants
Méthacrylate de méthyle
PolyacrylatesIndex. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : Corn starch modified polyacrylate emulsion was prepared by semi-continuous seed emulsion polymerization with methyl methacrylate (MMA), butyl acrylate (BA) and oxidized starch (OSt) as the main raw materials and was subsequently used for leather finishing. The structure of starch/polyacrylate emulsion film was characterized by FT-IR, XPS and 1HNMR and the properties of leather coated with the emulsion were tested. The results showed that after corn starch was oxidized, the oxidized starch reacted with acrylate monomers, and the polyacrylate emulsion modified using oxidized starch was successfully prepared. Compared with a polyacrylate emulsion, the particle size distribution of modified composite emulsion is more concentrated. After finishing with polyacrylate emulsion containing oxidized starch, the leather was folded 20,000 times without developing cracks; In the wear resistance test, the gray scale of dry-wiped interlining cloth increased from 4.0 to 5.0, and the gray scale of wet-wiped interlining cloth increased from 3.5 to 4.5 ; The softness increased from 4.35 mm to the highest value at 5.23 mm; The tensile strength increased from 523N to 581N; The yellowing resistance is also obviously improved. Note de contenu : - EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURES : Materials - Preparation of oxidized starch - Preparation of polyacrylate emulsion containing oxidized starch - Particle size analysis of emulsion - FTIR characterization of latex film - XPS characterization of latex film - 1H-NMR analysis - Testing of the crust leather applied performance
- RESULTS AND DISSCUSION : FT-IR analysis - XPS analysis - 1HNMR analysis - Particle size distribution test of emulsion - Testing of the crust leather’s applied performance
- Table 1 : Element content on the surface of latex film
- Table 2 : Test of latex film performance
- Table 3 : Testing of the finished leather applied performancePermalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=41137
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité - - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible Analysis estimation and minimization of carbon footprint in leather processing unit operations / Venkatasubramanian Sivakumar in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 108, N° 3 (05-06/2024)
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Titre : Analysis estimation and minimization of carbon footprint in leather processing unit operations Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Venkatasubramanian Sivakumar, Auteur Année de publication : 2024 Article en page(s) : p. 127-137 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Bilan des émissions de gaz à effets de serre
Calcul
Cuirs et peaux -- Industrie -- Aspect de l'environnement
Electricité
Énergie -- Consommation
Opérations mécaniques
TanneriesIndex. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : In a growing environmental concern on reducing greenhouse gas emissions (GHGs) as well as achieving United Nations (UN) sustainable development goals (SDGs), the development of a suitable methodology for the assessment of carbon footprint (CFP) for process industries such as leather is necessary. In this regard, a systematic approach, considering the energy requirements of various unit operations of a mechanical nature in leather processing, within a tannery and their contribution towards CFP has been presented for the first time. Estimation of CFP for the raw skin/ hide to finished leather process has been performed using USA Energy Information Administration (EIA) data, incorporating respective power consumption (kWh) values for the whole process, with unit operations or stages, comprising mechanical or machinery operations and considering two types of power plant: coal and natural gas. Processing types such as Raw-Finished, Raw-Wet blue, Wet blue- Finish have been considered for skins and hides. Calculation of CFP has been performed for a typical tannery processing a capacity of 600 sides or 2000 skins per day. The results show that, 0.29 and 0.77 kW average total energy consumption respectively per kg of raw hide and skin for processing to finished leather. The total CO2 emissions (kg) have been calculated as 0.3 and 0.78 kg, respectively for per kg of hide or skin processed to finished leather; or in terms of area of leather, 0.16 and 0.15 kg, per square foot of finished leather produced. The present analysis suggests, that the more energy intensive operations and the duration of each mechanical operation per skin or hide in processing contribute significantly to the total power consumption and corresponding CO2 emission values. A road map for reduction in CFP in leather processing has also been presented. Note de contenu : - MATERIALS AND METHODS : Methods for calculation of energy requirement - Methodology for estimation of carbon footprint (CFP)
- RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS : Total power consumption (kWh) for a typical tannery processing skins - Carbon footprint, CO2 (kg) emission from Total Power consumption (kWh) for a typical tannery processing of skins - Total Power consumption (kWh) for a typical tannery processing sides (hides) -
- Table 1 : The CO2 equivalent of other GHGs as 100 year General warming potential (GWP) (Source: Climate Change Connection) (CCC, 2023)
- Table 2 : Consideration of time taken scenarios for processing of each skin or hide piece for each mechanical operation (Sec.) and for the Total processing capacity (h) of present study
- Table 3 : Important mechanical operations in leather process flow, machinery employed, power ratings and tasks accomplished
- Table 4 : Calculation of total power consumption (kwh) for coal based power plant for a typical tannery processing 2000 skins per day for type of processing : raw to finish, raw to wet-blue and wet-blue to finish
- Table 5 : Carbon footprint, CO2 (kg) emission as calculated from total power consumption (kWh) for coal or natural gas based power plant for a typical tannery processing 2000 skins per day for type of processing : raw to finish, raw to wet-blue and wet-blue to finish
- Table 6 : Calculation of total power consumption (kwh) for coal based power plant for a typical tannery processing 600 sides per day for type of processing : raw to finish, raw to wet-blue and wet-blue to finish
- Table 7 : Carbon footprint, CO2 (kg) emission as calculated from total power consumption (kWh) for coal or natural gas based power plant for a typical tannery processing 600 sides per day for type of processing: raw to finish, raw to wet-blue and wet-blue to finishPermalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=41138
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité - - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible Analysis of moisture permeability of sheepskin in different parts based on microscopic and water contact angle / Zhong Anhua in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 108, N° 3 (05-06/2024)
[article]
Titre : Analysis of moisture permeability of sheepskin in different parts based on microscopic and water contact angle Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Zhong Anhua, Auteur ; Chen Xiaoting, Auteur ; Huang Zhuo, Auteur ; Hu Jingxian, Auteur ; Bian Jing, Auteur ; Liu Shaopu, Auteur Année de publication : 2024 Article en page(s) : p. 138-141 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Angle de contact
Cuirs et peaux -- Analyse
Cuirs et peaux de moutons
Humidité
PerméabilitéIndex. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : This paper mainly analyzes the moisture permeability of different parts of sheepskin based on microscopic and water contact angle. Firstly, the moisture permeability of the neck, belly, back and hip of natural sheepskin was tested and the change rule of moisture permeability was analyzed. Then the SEM electron microscope pictures and water contact angle data were obtained. Through the analysis of the fibre distribution, the tight arrangement of fibres and the tension of leather surface in different parts of natural sheepskin, the reasons for the formation of this moisture permeability rule were explained. The study found that under the same temperature and humidity conditions, the moisture permeability of sheep skin in different parts is different. On the whole, the moisture permeability of different parts of sheep skin showed the order of belly > hip > back > neck. Microstructure analysis showed that the order of fibre tightness in different parts was neck > back > hip > belly. The natural sheepskin fibres in the belly and hip are loosely arranged, and their water contact angles are also small, which facilitates the passage of water vapour, so they have excellent performance in moisture permeability; the fibres on the back and neck of natural sheepskin are closely arranged, with less voids, and the water contact angle of the skin is also large, which affects the passage of water vapour. Therefore, the performance of moisture permeability is not as good as that of the belly and hip. Note de contenu : - EXPERIMENTAL METHODS : Material preparation - Experiment equipment - Theory
- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : Analysis of moisture permeability of sheepskin in different parts - Microscopic analysis - Water contact angle analysisPermalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=41139
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité - - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible Functional modification on type 1 collagen-based composite films / Ruirui Wang in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 108, N° 3 (05-06/2024)
[article]
Titre : Functional modification on type 1 collagen-based composite films Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Ruirui Wang, Auteur Année de publication : 2024 Article en page(s) : p. 142-146 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Alliages polymères
Biocompatibilité
Capteurs (technologie)
Collagène
Couches minces
Electronique -- Matériaux
Emballages comestibles
Gélifiants
Matériaux -- Modifications chimiques
Nanoparticules
Pansements
PolysaccharidesLes polysaccharides (parfois appelés glycanes, polyosides, polyholosides ou glucides complexes) sont des polymères constitués de plusieurs oses liés entre eux par des liaisons osidiques.
Les polyosides les plus répandus du règne végétal sont la cellulose et l’amidon, tous deux polymères du glucose.
De nombreux exopolysaccharides (métabolites excrétés par des microbes, champignons, vers (mucus) du ver de terre) jouent un rôle majeur - à échelle moléculaire - dans la formation, qualité et conservation des sols, de l'humus, des agrégats formant les sols et de divers composés "argile-exopolysaccharide" et composites "organo-minéraux"(ex : xanthane, dextrane, le rhamsane, succinoglycanes...).
De nombreux polyosides sont utilisés comme des additifs alimentaires sous forme de fibre (inuline) ou de gomme naturelle.
Ce sont des polymères formés d'un certain nombre d'oses (ou monosaccharides) ayant pour formule générale : -[Cx(H2O)y)]n- (où y est généralement x - 1). On distingue deux catégories de polysaccharides : Les homopolysaccharides (ou homoglycanes) constitués du même monosaccharide : fructanes, glucanes, galactanes, mannanes ; les hétéropolysaccharides (ou hétéroglycanes) formés de différents monosaccharides : hémicelluloses.
Les constituants participant à la construction des polysaccharides peuvent être très divers : hexoses, pentoses, anhydrohexoses, éthers d'oses et esters sulfuriques.
Selon l'architecture de leur chaîne, les polysaccharides peuvent être : linéaires : cellulose ; ramifiés : gomme arabique, amylopectine, dextrane, hémicellulose et mixtes : amidon.
Réticulation (polymérisation)Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : Type I collagen, is known for its low antigenicity, excellent biocompatibility, and superior film-forming ability. The development of new type I collagen-based functional films has become a focal point in clean production and sustainability. However, pure type I collagen films exhibit limitations such as a rough surface, inadequate mechanical properties, rapid degradation, and poor thermal stability. This paper explores five emerging modification strategies, including co-gelling protein introduction, nanoparticle doping, polysaccharide modification, biological crosslinking, and natural polymers blending, to enhance the physical, chemical, and biocompatible properties of type I collagen-based films. The review also analyzes the potential applications of these modified films in edible packaging, flexible electronic sensors, and wound dressing. The development of new type I collagen-based composite films aims to reduce reliance on petroleum-derived polymers, contributing to the creation of eco-friendly materials. Note de contenu : - FUNCTIONAL MODIFICATION OF TYPE I COLLAGEN-BASED FILMS : Co-gelling protein introduction - Nanoparticle doping - Polysaccharide modification - Biological crosslinking - Natural polymers blending
- APPLICATION OF COLLAGEN-BASED FUNCTIONAL FILM : Edible packaging - Flexible sensors - Wound dressingPermalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=41140
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité - - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible Xylanase-assisted fibre opening - A sustainable approach to stingray leather production / R. Karthikeyan in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 108, N° 3 (05-06/2024)
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Titre : Xylanase-assisted fibre opening - A sustainable approach to stingray leather production Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : R. Karthikeyan, Auteur ; Zerihun Teshome, Auteur ; Genet Teka, Auteur ; Biniyam Solomon, Auteur ; Tamrat Tesfaye, Auteur Année de publication : 2024 Article en page(s) : p. 147-155 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Chaux Sulfurée
Cuirs et peaux de raie pastenague
Dépigmentation de la peau
EnzymesUne enzyme est une protéine dotée de propriétés catalytiques. Pratiquement toutes les biomolécules capables de catalyser des réactions chimiques dans les cellules sont des enzymes ; certaines biomolécules catalytiques sont cependant constituées d'ARN et sont donc distinctes des enzymes : ce sont les ribozymes.
Une enzyme agit en abaissant l'énergie d'activation d'une réaction chimique, ce qui accroît la vitesse de réaction. L'enzyme n'est pas modifiée au cours de la réaction. Les molécules initiales sont les substrats de l'enzyme, et les molécules formées à partir de ces substrats sont les produits de la réaction. Presque tous les processus métaboliques de la cellule ont besoin d'enzymes pour se dérouler à une vitesse suffisante pour maintenir la vie. Les enzymes catalysent plus de 5 000 réactions chimiques différentes2. L'ensemble des enzymes d'une cellule détermine les voies métaboliques qui peuvent avoir lieu dans cette cellule. L'étude des enzymes est appelée enzymologie.
Les enzymes permettent à des réactions de se produire des millions de fois plus vite qu'en leur absence. Un exemple extrême est l'orotidine-5'-phosphate décarboxylase, qui catalyse en quelques millisecondes une réaction qui prendrait, en son absence, plusieurs millions d'années3,4. Comme tous les catalyseurs, les enzymes ne sont pas modifiées au cours des réactions qu'elles catalysent, et ne modifient pas l'équilibre chimique entre substrats et produits. Les enzymes diffèrent en revanche de la plupart des autres types de catalyseurs par leur très grande spécificité. Cette spécificité découle de leur structure tridimensionnelle. De plus, l'activité d'une enzyme est modulée par diverses autres molécules : un inhibiteur enzymatique est une molécule qui ralentit l'activité d'une enzyme, tandis qu'un activateur de cette enzyme l'accélère ; de nombreux médicaments et poisons sont des inhibiteurs enzymatiques. Par ailleurs, l'activité d'une enzyme décroît rapidement en dehors de sa température et de son pH optimums.
Ouverture des fibres (cuirs et peaux)
Peau -- Histologie
Pollution -- Mesure
Stabilité thermique
XylanaseIndex. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : The unique and distinctive texture of stingray skin is largely attributed to dermal denticles. These structures not only enhance the skin's uniqueness but also contribute to its remarkable hardness and toughness, qualities that persist even after traditional lime-sulfide fibre-opening treatments. However, conventional beamhouse operations, utilizing sulphide for dehairing and liming for fibre disaggregation, face global environmental and health criticism due to their significant pollution impact. Sulphide, a toxic chemical, increases the chemical oxygen demand load in effluents from hair decomposition, while lime usage, constituting approximately 10% of the raw skins' weight, results in substantial sludge production and disposal challenges. In response, this study explores the use of the enzyme xylanase for the depigmentation and disaggregation of the layered fibre structure in stingray skin. Following soaking, a 3% xylanase enzyme solution was applied, followed by pickling and chrome tanning. We assessed the structural and physical properties of the treated leathers and evaluated the pollution load parameters of the xylanase-assisted fibre-opening process. A comparative analysis with the traditional lime-sulphide process was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and environmental impact of the xylanase method. The results of this comparison are detailed herein, highlighting the potential of xylanase as a sustainable alternative in stingray leather processing. Note de contenu : - EXPERIMENTAL SECTION : Materials - Xylanase assisted depigmentation and fibre opening method - Conventional lime sulphide process - Determination of thermal stability by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) - Histological studies - Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis - Histological studies with Alcian blue - Pollution load measurement - Post tanning - Physical testing
- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : Effect of xylanase on fibre opening : Histological evaluation with Van Gieson stain - Effect of xylanase on fibre opening : SEM studies - Effect of xylanase on glycosaminoglycans - Xylanase treated leather : Thermal stability insights from DSC analysis - Pollution analysis : Xylanase vs. Lime sulphide fibre opening - Physical characteristics of xylanase treated stingray leather
- Table 1 : Post tanning procedures for stingray leathers
- Table 2 : Comparative pollution load analysis of xylanase-based and lime sulphide fibre opening methods
- Table 3 : Physical properties of stingray crust leathersPermalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=41141
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