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Understanding the role of fumed silica in adhesives and sealants formulations / Elizabeth Sims in ADHESIVES & SEALANTS INDUSTRY (ASI), Vol. 21, N° 9 (09/2014)
[article]
Titre : Understanding the role of fumed silica in adhesives and sealants formulations : Fumed silica offers a variety of benefits for adhesives and sealants Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Elizabeth Sims, Auteur ; Christopher Galli, Auteur Année de publication : 2014 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Additifs
Colles:Adhésifs
Mastics
Polyuréthanes
Rhéologie
SiliceLa silice est la forme naturelle du dioxyde de silicium (SiO2) qui entre dans la composition de nombreux minéraux.
La silice existe à l'état libre sous différentes formes cristallines ou amorphes et à l'état combiné dans les silicates, les groupes SiO2 étant alors liés à d'autres atomes (Al : Aluminium, Fe : Fer, Mg : Magnésium, Ca : Calcium, Na : Sodium, K : Potassium...).
Les silicates sont les constituants principaux du manteau et de l'écorce terrestre. La silice libre est également très abondante dans la nature, sous forme de quartz, de calcédoine et de terre de diatomée. La silice représente 60,6 % de la masse de la croûte terrestre continentale.Index. décimale : 668.3 Adhésifs et produits semblables Résumé : Formulators use particles to enhance the functionality of existing polymer matrices for adhesive and sealant products. Fumed silica is commonly used as a rheology control additive to provide sag resistance, anti-settling of fillers and shear-thinning viscosity. The generic term “fumed silica” defines a range of products with different surface chemistries—from hydrophilic to hydrophobic. These products have differing compatibility to polymer systems, which enable formulators to fine-tune rheology performance.
At the same time, formulators can enhance the viscoelastic response of films or the material properties of cured systems by controlling particle-particle interactions and particle–matrix interfacial adhesion. Such interactions can provide a means of securely incorporating hard materials, which lengthen fracture paths, and dissipate energy at interfacial junctions.1 These properties strengthen films and solids.
In addition to the well-documented benefits in rheology control, fumed silica also enhances the strength of cured adhesives. Following are three examples where fumed silica provides reinforcement of a polymer, resulting in a higher performing adhesive or sealant.Note de contenu : - Transparent silyl-terminated polymer
- One-component polyurethane
- Pressure sensitives
- The right balanceEn ligne : http://www.adhesivesmag.com/articles/93225-understanding-the-role-of-fumed-silic [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Web Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=24342
in ADHESIVES & SEALANTS INDUSTRY (ASI) > Vol. 21, N° 9 (09/2014)[article]Unifying model for understanding HEUR associative thickener influences on waterborne coatings : I. HEUR interactions with a small particle latex / Mao Chen in JOURNAL OF COATINGS TECHNOLOGY (JCT), Vol. 69, N° 867 (04/1997)
[article]
Titre : Unifying model for understanding HEUR associative thickener influences on waterborne coatings : I. HEUR interactions with a small particle latex Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Mao Chen, Auteur ; Wyllie H. Wetzel, Auteur ; Zeying Ma, Auteur ; J. Edward Glass, Auteur ; Robert J. Buchacek, Auteur ; John G. Dickinson, Auteur Année de publication : 1997 Article en page(s) : p. 73-80 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Adsorption
Epaississants
Hydrophobie
Polyéther uréthane
Revêtements -- Additifs:Peinture -- Additifs
Revêtements en phase aqueuse:Peinture en phase aqueuse
RhéologieIndex. décimale : 667.9 Revêtements et enduits Résumé : The structural features of associative thickeners influence their viscosifying properties in neat and surfactant containing aqueous solutions and in architectural coating formulations. Our understanding of the phenomena based on model associative thickener of the Hydrophobically modified Ethoxylate URethane (HEUR) type are presented. These studies provide general concepts in aqueous solutions, but they do not provide a quantitative model for understanding the influence of associative thickeners in coating formulations. To provide a more quantitative description, the interactions of associative thickeners with the film forming latex are considered in this study. This requires a knowledge of the free surfactant concentration in the formulation that depends on the residual amount present in the latex and the amounts added with the pigment grind, colorant, etc. The competitive interaction of the surfactants and associative thickener types for the surface of both disperse phases is a key variable. These interactions with the latex will be discussed in this article in an effort to define an encompassing model for understanding how HEUR associative thickeners influence waterborne coatings. Note de contenu : - Adsorption on small particles latexes
- Rheology of thickened dispersionsPermalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=18232
in JOURNAL OF COATINGS TECHNOLOGY (JCT) > Vol. 69, N° 867 (04/1997) . - p. 73-80[article]Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 003536 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible Unique catalyst for low temperature cure epoxy powder coatings / Matthew Gadman in COATINGS TECH, Vol. 20, N° 1 (01-02/2023)
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Titre : Unique catalyst for low temperature cure epoxy powder coatings Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Matthew Gadman, Auteur ; John Florio, Auteur ; Matt C. Salvi, Auteur Année de publication : 2023 Article en page(s) : p. 18-33 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Basses températures
Bisphénol A
Blanc (couleur)
Catalyseurs
Epoxydes
Formulation (Génie chimique)
Homopolymères
Isocyanurate de triglycidyle
Méthacrylate de glycidyle
Polyacryliques
Réticulation (polymérisation)
Revêtements bi-composant
Revêtements organiques
Revêtements poudre
Rhéologie
Stabilité au stockage
ThermodurcissablesIndex. décimale : 667.9 Revêtements et enduits Résumé : Powder coatings continue to ba an attractive technology, primarily due to reduced volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions, ability to recycle overspray, and the exceptional film mechanical properties that can be attained. Despite the appeal, there are major drawbacks that need to be resolved for the technology to be effectively substitutable for liquid coatings. Note de contenu : - POWDER HISTORY AND TODAY'S MARKET : Launch of thermoset powder technology-innovation and low VOC initiatives : Circa 1950-1990 - Continued growth in a variety of markets-postmillennial - Environmentally aware consumers and VOC regulations : contemporary market
- A REVIEW OF THERMOSET POWDER TECHNOLOGIES : 1. Epoxy hybrids - 2. TGIC coatings (polyester) - 3. Acrylic systems - 4. Pure epoxy formulations
- CATALYSTS FOR EPOXY POWDER COATINGS :
- EXPERIMENTAL : Experiment I : Cure capabilities in acrylic/GMA-SB and pwoder formulations - Formulations, materials, and preparation of 2K SB acrylic/GMA and pwder acrylic/GMA - Rheology studies of 2K SB acrylic/GMA and pwder acrylic/GMA
- EXPERIMENT II : Accelerating epoxy homopolymerization : Formulations, materials, and preparation of catalyzed epoxy resins - Rheology studies of catalyzed BPA epoxy resins
- EXPERIMENT III : EVALUATION OF CATALYST PC IN FULLY FORMULATED WHITE EPOXY HYBRID POWDER : Formulations, materials, and preparation of white epoxy hybrid - Rheology studies of white epoxy hybrid - Film preparation of white epoxy hybrid - Film evaluation of white epoxy hybrid - Storage stability
- EXPERIMENT IV : EVALUATION OF CATALYST PC IN FULLY FORMULATED WHITE TGIC POWDER : Formulations, materials, and preparation of white TGIC formulation - Rheology studies of white TGIC formulation - Film preparation of white TGIC formulation - Film evaluation of white TGIC formulation - Storage stability
- Fig. 1 : Bisphenol-1 type epoxy resins, n ≥ 0
- Fig. 2 : Hydroxy ester formation via reaction of epoxides and carboxyl groups
- Fig. 3 : Triglycidylisocyanurate (TGIC) crosslinker
- Fig. 4 : Glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) monomer
- Fig. 5 : Dicyandiamide (DICY) crosslinker
- Fig. 6A : Initiating epoxy/amine polymerization
- Fig. 6B : Epoxy homopolymerization via catalysis by tertiary amine
- Fig. 6C : Deprotonation of hydroxyls and subsequent reactions with epoxy
- Fig. 6D : Amide formation via reaction of hydroxyl with nitrile
- Fig. 7A : Base catalysis : deprotonation of carboxylic acid*
- Fig. 7B : Base catalysis : interaction of conjugate acid with epoxide oygen
- Fig. 8 : Preparing powder disks using cylindrical pellet press
- Fig. 9 : Catalyst LC gel temperature in S B and powder acrylic/GMA system
- Fig. 10 : Log (lη*l) as a function of temperature : increasing dosages of catalyst LC
- Fig. 11 : Gel temperatures of white epoxy hybrid
- Fig. 12 : MEK resistance of white epoxy hybrids baked at various temperatures
- Fig. 13 : Impact resistance of white epoxy hybrid baked at various temperatures for 15 mn
- Fig. 14 : ΔΕ of catalyzed versus uncatalyzed white epoxy hybrid
- Fig. 15 : Pendulum and pencil hardness of white epoxy hybrid-bake temp./ 15 mn
- Fig. 16 : Log (lη*l) as a function of temperature-white TGIC formulation
- Fig. 17 : Impact resistance of white TGIC formluation - % active catalyst on TRS
- Fig. 18 : Gloss and color of white TGIC formulation-60° GU and b*
- Table 1 : Commonly used catalysts for epoxy reaction with carboxylic acids
- Table 2 : Physical properties of catalyst LC and catalyst PC
- Table 3 : 2K SB acrylic/GMA formulation
- Table 4 : Powder acrylic/GMA formulation
- Table 5A : Pre-experiment steps for SB oscillation tests
- Table 5B : Protocol for SB oscillation tests
- Table 6A : Pre-experiment steps for powder oscillation tests
- Table 6B : Protocol for powder oscillation tests
- Table 7 : Solventless BPA epoxy resin
- Table 8A : Pre-experiment steps for solventless epoxy oscillation tests
- Table 8B : Protocol for solventless oscillation tets
- Table 9 : Gel temp and onset temp of BPA epoxy resin with catalyst LC
- Table 10A : Breakdown of components of uncatalyzed white epoxy hybrid
- Table 10B : % breakdown of uncatalyzed and catalyzed white epoxy hybrid
- Table 11A : Pre-experiment steps for white epoxy hybrid oscillation tests
- Table 11B : Protocol for white epoxy hybrid oscillation tests
- Table 12 : Color values of white epoxy hybrid : L*, a*, b*
- Table 13 : Gloss properties of white epoxy hybrid-60° gloss units (GU)
- Table 14 : Uncatalyzed white TGIC formulationEn ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1geR64CGC-_890pO1tV9GH-iQvIM2r4Eg/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=38714
in COATINGS TECH > Vol. 20, N° 1 (01-02/2023) . - p. 18-33[article]Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 23812 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible
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Titre : Universal concentrate Type de document : texte imprimé Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p. 26-28 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Aluminium L'aluminium est un élément chimique, de symbole Al et de numéro atomique 13. C’est un métal pauvre, malléable, de couleur argent, qui est remarquable pour sa résistance à l’oxydation13 et sa faible densité. C'est le métal le plus abondant de l'écorce terrestre et le troisième élément le plus abondant après l'oxygène et le silicium ; il représente en moyenne 8 % de la masse des matériaux de la surface solide de notre planète. L'aluminium est trop réactif pour exister à l'état natif dans le milieu naturel : on le trouve au contraire sous forme combinée dans plus de 270 minéraux différents, son minerai principal étant la bauxite, où il est présent sous forme d’oxyde hydraté dont on extrait l’alumine. Il peut aussi être extrait de la néphéline, de la leucite, de la sillimanite, de l'andalousite et de la muscovite.
L'aluminium métallique est très oxydable, mais est immédiatement passivé par une fine couche d'alumine Al2O3 imperméable de quelques micromètres d'épaisseur qui protège la masse métallique de la corrosion. On parle de protection cinétique, par opposition à une protection thermodynamique, car l’aluminium reste en tout état de cause très sensible à l'oxydation. Cette résistance à la corrosion et sa remarquable légèreté en ont fait un matériau très utilisé industriellement.
L'aluminium est un produit industriel important, sous forme pure ou alliée, notamment dans l'aéronautique, les transports et la construction. Sa nature réactive en fait également un catalyseur et un additif dans l'industrie chimique ; il est ainsi utilisé pour accroître la puissance explosive du nitrate d'ammonium.
Colorimétrie
Ethoxylate d'alkylphénol
Nonylphenol éthoxylates
Oxyde de fer
Pigments métalliques
Produits chimiques -- Suppression ou remplacement
RhéologieIndex. décimale : 667.2 Colorants et pigments Résumé : This article is about the development of an APE replacement for use as dispersing additives for transparent iron oxides and aluminium pigments. More than 40,000t of alkylphenolethoxylates (APEs) are produced annually. They are highly versatile and therefore used in the most diverse applications such as detergents, plastics and in the agrochemicals and coatings industries. In the latter, alkylphenolethoxylates are employed in the manufacture of universal pigment concentrates. These are waterborne formulations for colouring waterborne and solventborne base paints. The use of such universal pigment concentrates is state-of-the-art but the use of alkylphenolethoxylates (mainly nonylphenolethoxylates, [NPE]) is, for many reasons, questionable. The most serious is certainly the threat to water posed by nonylphenol, a decomposition product of nonylphenolethoxylate, which is formed as soon as NPE reaches the environment and thus waste water. Nonylphenol is similar to the female hormone, 17-β-oestradiol. The intervention of such decomposition products in the reproduction cycles of fish and mammals is considered proven. Moreover, even low concentrations of nonphenol are toxic to aquatic life. Despite these serious ecological problems and related regulatory controls, replacing nonylphenolethoxylates in universal pigment concentrates has proved difficult and lengthy due to the almost complete lack of suitable alternatives. Pigment concentrates based on transparent iron oxide and slurries of aluminium pigments pose a particular challenge. Note de contenu : - Nonylphenolethoxylate and ionic derivates
- Risk-free aromatic ring-containing structures
- Tested formulations
- Rheology
- Colourimetric tests
- Further development
- Transparent iron oxides
- FIGURES : 1. Comparison of 17-,oestradiol with nonylphenol - 2. Non-ionic NP structure and isphosphate derivative - 3. Phosphate with a polyether containing styrene oxide - 4. Viscosity profiles of iron oxide red concentrates - 5. Typical results in a waterborne acrylic emulsion and in a solvent borne alkyd paint
- TABLES : 1. Tested formulations - 2. Results with iron oxides - Sample formulation with transparent iron oxidesEn ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1BqTnQdSKGNXbH4Pq1f9uxDAgXdWe0zNb/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=27417
in POLYMERS PAINT COLOUR JOURNAL - PPCJ > Vol. 197, N° 4510 (03/2007) . - p. 26-28[article]Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 006367 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible Unlimited shear as a source of information in polymer melt processing / Hermann Janeschitz-Kriegl in INTERNATIONAL POLYMER PROCESSING, Vol. XXIX, N° 3 (07/2014)
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Titre : Unlimited shear as a source of information in polymer melt processing Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Hermann Janeschitz-Kriegl, Auteur ; E. Ratajski, Auteur ; G. Eder, Auteur Année de publication : 2014 Article en page(s) : p. 402-411 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Cisaillement (mécanique)
Cristallisation
Etat fondu (matériaux)
Polypropylène
RhéologieIndex. décimale : 668.4 Plastiques, vinyles Résumé : It is shown that at unprecedented (high) temperatures an extremely slow long lasting shear treatment, which requires almost an hour for its unwinding, can produce a highly oriented structure in the melt of a crystallizing polypropylene. It seems that a convection process, which is characteristic for shear flow, furthers intimate contacts between parts of passing by macromolecular coils. In this respect an inspection of the broad spectrum of crystallization speeds of quiescent melts of a variety of polymers is instructive. The conception, which is defended in the present paper, is that thread-like nuclei are the result of the straightening of assemblages of already loosely connected macromolecules. At the high temperature applied the melt must immediately be quenched after the cessation of the flow in order to preserve the obtained thread-like nuclei. Apparently, only the number of successful encounters is relevant and not the frequency of their occurrence. For a lower frequency more time is required. It is evident that even mild touches can cause permanent adhesions, if the mutual local conformations just fit. One is reminded of the click of a slot. A new apparatus for unlimited shearing is described. This apparatus uses polymer samples, which are ring-shaped, being cut from molded plates of reasonable thickness. These rings possess an unusually large radius of 18 cm, in order to keep the curvature of the flow lines low. Rectilinear unlimited shearing is approached in this way. DOI : 10.3139/217.2859 En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1FR2U0wHV4XOI3TcKCwUiGrl5XeTVFrkc/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=21738
in INTERNATIONAL POLYMER PROCESSING > Vol. XXIX, N° 3 (07/2014) . - p. 402-411[article]Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 16404 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible Urethane-modified VAE emulsion improves heat resistance / Wayne R. Furlan in ADHESIVES AGE, Vol. 37, N° 1 (02/1994)
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