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A rounded approach to sustainability / Tom Hogarth in INTERNATIONAL LEATHER MAKER (ILM), N° 50 (11-12/2021)
[article]
Titre : A rounded approach to sustainability Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Tom Hogarth, Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : p. 38-40 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Durée de vie (Ingénierie)
Eau -- Consommation -- Réduction
Polymères -- Recyclage
Polypropylène
Produits chimiques -- Consommation -- Réduction
RetannageIndex. décimale : 675.2 Préparation du cuir naturel. Tannage Résumé : Qualus has developed a system of recyclable polypropylene "Sferes" that, when introduced to the retanning process, allow tanners to reduce their water usage by up to 60%, as well as make reductions to chemical usage and effluent output. Note de contenu : - What are Sferes ?
- Sferes are recyclable polypropylene cuboids around 7 mm in diameter
- Covid-19 : A difficult time
- The future of leather production
- Sferes replace a significant amount of water and chemicals in the drum
- What's next for Qualus ?En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1o2WlUjEccTtn9DhSvTkftjqMfRROlQq7/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=37072
in INTERNATIONAL LEATHER MAKER (ILM) > N° 50 (11-12/2021) . - p. 38-40[article]Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 23237 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible Seeking soft leathers with a tight grain / David Rabinovich in WORLD LEATHER, Vol. 14, N° 5 (08-09/2001)
[article]
Titre : Seeking soft leathers with a tight grain Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : David Rabinovich, Auteur Année de publication : 2001 Article en page(s) : p. 27-32 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Aluminium L'aluminium est un élément chimique, de symbole Al et de numéro atomique 13. C’est un métal pauvre, malléable, de couleur argent, qui est remarquable pour sa résistance à l’oxydation13 et sa faible densité. C'est le métal le plus abondant de l'écorce terrestre et le troisième élément le plus abondant après l'oxygène et le silicium ; il représente en moyenne 8 % de la masse des matériaux de la surface solide de notre planète. L'aluminium est trop réactif pour exister à l'état natif dans le milieu naturel : on le trouve au contraire sous forme combinée dans plus de 270 minéraux différents, son minerai principal étant la bauxite, où il est présent sous forme d’oxyde hydraté dont on extrait l’alumine. Il peut aussi être extrait de la néphéline, de la leucite, de la sillimanite, de l'andalousite et de la muscovite.
L'aluminium métallique est très oxydable, mais est immédiatement passivé par une fine couche d'alumine Al2O3 imperméable de quelques micromètres d'épaisseur qui protège la masse métallique de la corrosion. On parle de protection cinétique, par opposition à une protection thermodynamique, car l’aluminium reste en tout état de cause très sensible à l'oxydation. Cette résistance à la corrosion et sa remarquable légèreté en ont fait un matériau très utilisé industriellement.
L'aluminium est un produit industriel important, sous forme pure ou alliée, notamment dans l'aéronautique, les transports et la construction. Sa nature réactive en fait également un catalyseur et un additif dans l'industrie chimique ; il est ainsi utilisé pour accroître la puissance explosive du nitrate d'ammonium.
Chaulage
Chrome
Cuir
Peaux brutes -- Trempe
Retannage
Souplesse (mécanique)
Tannage combinéLe tannage combiné se dit des tannages qui allient deux familles ou genre de tannage pour obtenir un résultat additionnant les qualités complémentaires des tannins mis en œuvre par exemple Chrome-Végétal ou Chrome-Synthétique
Wet-blue (tannage)Peau tannée au chrome (le chrome donne une couleur bleue)Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : Examination of a hide cross section clearly shows a non-homogeneous fibre structure. The fibres in the grain layer lie more parallel to the surface and are denser than the supporting reticular layer where the angle of weave is much higher. The severing of the bonds between these layers at their junction results in leathers with a loose grain and a poor break.
To produce soft tight leathers, the aim of tanners is therefore to maintain the integrity of this junction, and to specifically fill the intermediate zone between these two layers as needed without undue hardening.
Underfed and older animals have a greater tendency to yield leather with poor break. Thus hides from well fed cattle benefiting from good husbandry.
In general, when the leather is thinner and firmer, a poor break is less noticeable. However, the world's greatest demand is for softer, thicker leathers with tight grain, thus the great technical challenge is to produce these leathers with "third world" hides.Note de contenu : - PRESERVING THE GRAIN/RETICULAR JUNCTION : Swelling in soaking and liming - Deliming to wet blue
- SUPPORTING THE GRAIN/RETICULAR JUNCTION : Uniform neutralisation - Fatliquor penetration - The role of retannage Attention to drying and conditioning
- HARMONY IN PRE- AND POST- TANNING MANUFACTUREEn ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1EumpJnGpI9ZUU6hhEbup_dm_58N-C_7Y/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=32162
in WORLD LEATHER > Vol. 14, N° 5 (08-09/2001) . - p. 27-32[article]Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 006172 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible A simple approach to leather process investigation / P. Laight in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 60 (Année 1976)
[article]
Titre : A simple approach to leather process investigation : Part 1 - The introduction of variants in the liming, conditioning/staking and retannage/fatliquoring sub-processes Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : P. Laight, Auteur ; A. G. Ward, Auteur ; S. Wolstenholme, Auteur Année de publication : 1976 Article en page(s) : p. 1-11 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Chaulage
Conditionnement
Cuirs et peaux
Palissonnage
Produits de nourriture du cuir
RetannageIndex. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : The process, already described in J. Soc. Leather Tech. Chem. (1974), 58, 88, for making standard segments of chrome tanned upper leather, has been modified by the introduction of selected variants. The subprocesses which have been varied are: (i) liming; (ii) staking and conditioning; (iii) retannage and fatliquoring. Control segments made by the unmodified standard process have been included as a part of each pack. In addition to measurements made during processing, the leathers produced have been assessed for their main mechanical properties, using both subjective and objective methods. The results show the exceptional reproducibility of the standard process itself and so enable the effects of the variants to be reliably assessed. The marked effect of increased duration of liming on subjective properties is not reflected in all the physical test results. The degree of staking employed (Mollisa) resulted in significant differences in subjective properties and in the stress/strain properties for low strains. The use of glutaraldehyde retannage and of a higher level of fatliquor produced significant differences in certain of the mechanical properties which were measured or assessed. Statistical analyses have been applied to the results of the factorial designs employed. Note de contenu : - The standard process and the leathers produced from it (Packs 1-5)
- The liming variant
- The conditioning/staking variant
- Table 1 : Water content as a percentage of dry fat free solids of pelt equilibriated with pH 3-72 buffer
- Table 2 : Variants introduced in the standard chrome side leather process
- Table 3 : Test results on completion of sub-process. Standard process II. Means, ranges and range of admissible variation (RAV) packs 4 and 5
- Table 4 : Mean values of test results for leathers front packs 1 and 2 (standard process I), pack 3 (standard process I with delays in brine and chrome pile), packs 4 and 5 (standard process II). For tensile specimens AI, M4, P4 perpendicular to backbone, M2 parallel to backbone
- Table 5 : Standard process H, packs 4 and 5. Mean values and the confidence limits for packs and sub-packs of two or four segments. (mean ± A gives the confident limits)
- Table 6 : Overall average values (packs 1 to 9) of 72 segments for weight and area during processing. Area values for sub-processes prior to drying are compared (as %) with the original area, for drying and after estimates are used, correcting for trimming of one end. Weights are related to the appropriate stages at which material
was removed (original, lime splitting, shaving, end trimming)
- Table 7 : Comparison of standard (mean packs 4, 5), and lime variant (mean packs 1, 2) leathers. student's "t" test (30 degrees of freedom). Calculated "t" values
- Table 8 : Comparison of standard (mean packs 4, 5) and lime variant (mean packs 1, 2) leathers. student's "t" test (30 degrees of freedom), calculated "t" values
- Table 9 : Conditioning/dtaking bariant. Allocation of degments 41-48 were collected from slaughter house one week before 49-56
- Table 10 : Overall treatment means for the Pairs of segments receiving identical conditioning/staking levels
- Table 11 : Two-way table of means for whole Segment subjective break values. Conditioning/staking variant
- Table 12 : Two-Way Table of means for stress at 10% extension (kg cm-2). Conditioning/staking variant
- Fig. 1 : Location of segment and test squares on the sideEn ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1vj-qu2LdEERKvqdUQgzHaRr0le_y0-qW/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=35263
in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC) > Vol. 60 (Année 1976) . - p. 1-11[article]Exemplaires (1)
Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 008596 - Périodique Archives Documentaires Exclu du prêt Stimuli responsive leathers using smart retanning agents / Sangeetha Subramanian in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CVII, N° 6 (06/2012)
[article]
Titre : Stimuli responsive leathers using smart retanning agents Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Sangeetha Subramanian, Auteur ; N. N. Fathima, Auteur ; Kalarical Janardhanan Sreeram, Auteur ; Jonnalagadda Raghava Rao, Auteur ; Balachandran Unni Nair, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : p. 196-204 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Analyse thermique
Cuir
Formaldéhyde
Fourier, Spectroscopie infrarouge à transformée de
Matériaux intelligents
Matériaux thermosensibles
MélamineLa mélamine, de nom chimique 1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine, est parfois dénommée cyanuramide ou cyanurotriamine. Sa formule brute est C3H6N6.
Les "résines mélamine-formaldéhyde" ou "mélamine-formol" (sigle MF) sont appelées "mélamine" dans le langage courant. Elles font partie de la famille des aminoplastes qui regroupe des résines thermodurcissables aminées, issues d'un comonomère tel l'urée ou la mélamine, parfois le thiocarbamide, le cyanamide hydrogène ou le dicyandiamide ; le second comonomère étant le formaldéhyde.
Microscopie électronique à balayage
Naphtalène
Retannage
Syntans
Thermogravimétrie
Transition de phaseEn physique, une transition de phase est une transformation du système étudié provoquée par la variation d'un paramètre extérieur particulier (température, champ magnétique...).
Cette transition a lieu lorsque le paramètre atteint une valeur seuil (plancher ou plafond selon le sens de variation). La transformation est un changement des propriétés du système.Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : The main use of leather is to protect the body against external environment and to provide comfort. However, leather may be used for additional functions specific to 1) an adverse or extreme climate and 2) job-ambience or profession so as to enhance adaptability and productivity of the user. When such an application arises, the leather is termed as “smart material”. Making leather perform the functions it did as a skin on a live animal renders it as smart leather. Hence, the futuristic objective is to make the processed skin termed “leather” retain its memory so as to result in “smart or intelligent leather”. In this paper, it has been attempted to incorporate thermo responsive function into leathers using smart materials such as phase changing materials (PCM). PCMs are capable of absorbing or releasing large amount of heat during phase transitions between two solid states and/or liquid and solid states. Manufacture of syntans using PCM based on two different prepolymers viz, melamine formaldehyde and naphthalene sulfonic acid has been attempted in this paper. The retanning agents synthesized have been characterized using various techniques like FT-IR, DSC, TGA and SEM analysis. Leathers made using PCM incorporated retanning agents have been tested for various properties viz. strength properties, thermal stability, organoleptic properties to study the influence of the PCM incorporated retanning agents. Note de contenu : - REAGENTS
MICROENCAPSULATION OF n-OCTADECANE : Synthesis of prepolymer solution - Synthesis of oil phase - Synthesis of water phase - Emulsion preparation - Fabrication of microcapsules (PCM))
- CHARACTERIZATION OF SMART RETANNING AGENTS : FT-IR analysis - Differential scanning calorimetry - Thermo-gravimetric analysis - Scanning electron microscopy
- RETANNING AND CHARACTERIZATION OF LEATHERS MADE USING SMART RETANNING AGENTS
- CHARACTERIZATION OF RETANNING AGENTS MADE USING PCM FTIR ANALYSIS : Scanning Electron Microscopy analysis - Thermo Responsive Function Analysis
- PROPERTIES OF LEATHER MADE USING PCM : Thermal Stability (DSC and TGA) of leathers - Scanning Electron Microscopic Studies of Leathers - Physical strength characteristics of leathers - Hand evaluation of leathers - Thermo responsive functionEn ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1q8RiPFy-qGqifrMclOhTAMfwDOMHfayT/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=15533
in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. CVII, N° 6 (06/2012) . - p. 196-204[article]Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 13991 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible Study of the biodegradability of leather tanned with sodium aluminosilicate / Salvador Esquerra-Resa in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CXVII, N° 6 (06/2022)
[article]
Titre : Study of the biodegradability of leather tanned with sodium aluminosilicate Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Salvador Esquerra-Resa, Auteur ; Salvador Esquerra-Dot, Auteur ; Alejandro Garcia, Auteur ; Angels Moreno, Auteur ; Teresa Mir, Auteur ; Anna Bacardit, Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Article en page(s) : p. 251-261 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Alumino-silicate de sodium
Cuirs et peaux -- Biodégradation
Cuirs et peaux de bovins
Cuirs et peaux de moutons
Essais (technologie)
Formulation (Génie chimique)
Maroquinerie
Retannage
Tannage minéralTannage dans lequel interviennent différents minéraux. Le plus répandu est le tannage aux sels de chrome, mais aussi à l’aluminium
Tannage végétal
Tige de la chaussure
ZéolitesIndex. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : The leather industry transforms raw hides into leather by mechanical and chemical processes. The main chemical process is the tanning in which the fibers are stabilized and cannot putrefy. To this end, different chemicals can be used that are capable of forming crosslinkages between collagen molecules. In this sense, the most used products are: chromium salts, aluminum, vegetable tannins, synthetics, aldehydes, resins and silicates. In this work, a new biodegradable tanning process based on zeolites was studied in two steps. In the first one, a tanning process for sheepskins and cow hides was developed. In the second one, three types of retanning process to obtain shoe upper, vegetable and leather goods were studied. This new system allows to obtain leather that can decompose naturally in a relative short period of time. Leather tanned with this system shows similar values to the biodegradability of pure collagen.
Specifically, with the retanning system used for shoe upper allows to obtain a 74.4% relative biodegradability compared to pure collagen.Note de contenu : - MATERIALS AND METHODS : Zeolites tanning process - Study of three types of retanning for the new tanning system
- RESULTS : Zeolites tanning process - Study of three types of retanning for the new tanning system
- Table 1 : Sheep skin tanning formulation
- Table 2 : Cow hide tanning formulation
- Table 3 : vegetable retanning formulation
- Table 4 : Leather goods retanning formulation
- Table 5 : Shoe upper retanning formulation
- Table 6 : Physical and chemical tests results for vegetable
- Table 7 : Physical and chemical tests results for shoe upper
- Table 8 : Physical and chemical tests results for leather goods
- Table 9 : Carbon content
- Table 10 : Percentage of theoretical aerobic biodegradability
- Table 11 : Percentage relative biodegradabilityDOI : https://doi.org/10.34314/jalca.v117i6.4966 En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1p5bnqsaxUqqhwhynwdWcfrEwRqUl1ZDs/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=37800
in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. CXVII, N° 6 (06/2022) . - p. 251-261[article]Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 23490 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible Synthesis and application of an amphoteric acrylic polyelectryte as a retanning agent / Jin Liqiang in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 88, N° 3 (05-06/2004)
PermalinkSynthesis and application of eco-friendly amino resins for retanning of leather under different conditions / Rashid Saleem in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 99, N° 1 (01-02/2015)
PermalinkSynthesis and application of fluorinated acrylate copolymer as a retanning agent / Jin Liqiang in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 90, N° 4 (07-08/2006)
PermalinkSynthesis and application of graft copolymer retannage of degraded starch and vinyl monomers in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 89, N° 2 (03-04/2005)
PermalinkSynthesis and application of highly branched polymers as filling-retanning agents / Chai Yuye in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 94, N° 5 (09-10/2010)
PermalinkSynthesis and application of a polymer auxiliary with silicone / Lu Tao in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 107, N° 6 (11-12/2023)
PermalinkSynthesis and mechanical properties of polyacrylic acid resin retanning agent / Zou Xianglong in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 98, N° 3 (05-06/2014)
PermalinkSynthesis and properties of hydroxyl-terminated hyperbranched poly isocyanurate-ester retanning agents / Ren Long-Fang in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CXII, N° 7 (07/2017)
PermalinkSynthesis and retanning performance of a novel melamine resin with ultralow formaldehyde content / Zhou Ji-Bo in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CXVIII, N° 1 (01/2023)
PermalinkSynthesis, characterisation and application of environment friendly polymers for producing sustainable leather / Muhammad Naveed Ashraf in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 105, N° 1 (01-02/2021)
PermalinkSynthesis of aniline 2,5 disulfonic acid modified ecofriendly melamine resins and their performance evaluation as leather retanning agents / Muhammad Naveed Ashraf in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 104, N° 5 (09-10/2020)
PermalinkSynthesis of eco-friendly polymeric resins and their rote in making leather with improved retanning properties and wastewater pollution / Muhammad Naveed Ashraf in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 104, N° 6 (11-12/2020)
PermalinkSynthesis of formaldehyde free amino resin to produce green eco-labelled leather with improved retanning properties / Muhammad Naveed Ashraf in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CXV, N° 4 (04/2020)
PermalinkSynthesis of orthanilic acid modified glyoxylated melamine resin with improved retanning and thermal properties / Muhammad Naveed Ashraf in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 103, N° 3 (05-06/2019)
PermalinkSynthesis of a waterborne melamine resin and its retanning behaviors investigation / Ning Guo-Qiang in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CXVII, N° 7 (07/2022)
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