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Tanning process study using chestnut and acacia tannin associated with acrylic resin in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CXIV, N° 9 (09/2019)
[article]
Titre : Tanning process study using chestnut and acacia tannin associated with acrylic resin Type de document : texte imprimé Année de publication : 2019 Article en page(s) : p. 350-357 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Acacia et constituants
Chataigne et constituants
Cuirs et peaux -- Propriétés mécaniques
Cuirs et peaux -- Propriétés organoleptiques
Cuirs et peaux -- Propriétés physiques
Photostabilité
Polyacryliques
Tannage combinéLe tannage combiné se dit des tannages qui allient deux familles ou genre de tannage pour obtenir un résultat additionnant les qualités complémentaires des tannins mis en œuvre par exemple Chrome-Végétal ou Chrome-Synthétique
Tannage végétal
Température de retraitIndex. décimale : 675.2 Préparation du cuir naturel. Tannage Résumé : Chromium is the most commonly used tanning agent in the leather industry worldwide due to the good characteristics it adds to the leather. However, it is known that chromium III may oxidize to chromium VI and damage the environment. Based on this context, the industry has vegetable tanning as one of the options that provide leather with different characteristics when compared to the characteristics provided by tanning with salts of chromium. Thus, this study intends to develop a product which is combined with vegetable tanning and brings better characteristics to chrome-free leather. This process raises the quality of the final product, that is, it improves the tanning by combining tannins (acacia and chestnut) with acrylic resin. The methodology consisted of employing six different tanning processes. Firstly, the tanning agents were used alone; secondly, there was the addition of acrylic resin; and, finally, the use of the acrylic resin with tannins. Organoleptic properties, light fastness, shrinkage temperature, and physical-mechanical tests were performed in order to test the quality of the leathers obtained. In the residual baths, chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), total nitrogen, and total solids were evaluated. Based on the results obtained, it was possible to conclude that the best results were found with the use of chestnut tannin and acrylic resin separately and with the use of acacia mixed with chestnut tannin, which demonstrated that combined vegetable tanning can be an alternative to the production of chrome-free leather with good properties. Note de contenu : - EXPERIMENTAL : Analysis of the tannin mixtures with acrylic resin - Residual bath analysis - Leather analysis
- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : Analysis of the tannin mixtures with acrylic resin - Residual bath analysis - Leather analysisEn ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1ZR1SfHR6UXftWQ-pNZ8S9MWGessM4QtN/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=32903
in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. CXIV, N° 9 (09/2019) . - p. 350-357[article]Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 21174 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible The correlation between the comonomer ratios of vinyl polymer tannages and their application properties / Jianzhong Ma in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 86, N° 2 (03-04/2002)
[article]
Titre : The correlation between the comonomer ratios of vinyl polymer tannages and their application properties Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Jianzhong Ma, Auteur ; Zongsui Yang, Auteur ; Shenhua Lu, Auteur ; Xinjiang Cheng, Auteur ; Wei Wang, Auteur ; Lingxian Feng, Auteur ; Genyuan Hu, Auteur Année de publication : 2002 Article en page(s) : p. 47-54 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Acétate de vinyle L'acétate de vinyle est l'ester de l'acide acétique (acide éthanoïque) avec le tautomère alcoolique de l'éthanal (acétaldéhyde) et de formule semi-développée, CH3COO–CH=CH2.
L'acétate de vinyle est préparé, en règle générale, en phase vapeur, en faisant réagir un grand excès d'acétylène sur de l'acide acétique (200 °C) en présence de catalyseurs au zinc et au cadmium). On obtient un liquide incolore à odeur très pénétrante qui ne se polymérise en polyacétate de vinyle (PVAC) qu'en présence de catalyseurs et donne des solides durs très stables à la chaleur. Il peut être copolymérisé avec d'autres composés vinyliques ou d'autres monomères.
Acide méthylacrylique
AcrylamideL'acrylamide ou 2-propénamide (amide acrylique) est un composé organique de formule brute C3H5NO. L'acrylamide est une substance CMR (cancérogène, mutagène et reprotoxique). Il est classé parmi les composés du groupe 2A (agents probablement cancérogènes) selon la classification du CIRC. Il est considéré par l'OMS comme présentant un risque pour la santé humaine. Il se forme spontanément lors de la cuisson (friture, rôtissage, etc.) à haute température (supérieure à 120 °C) d'aliments riches en glucides (amidon, sucres) et en protéines. L'acrylamide est utilisé en industrie dans la synthèse de polymères : les polyacrylamides. Ces derniers peuvent être utilisés comme liant, épaississant ou floculant dans le ciment, les emballages alimentaires et les produits de plastique employés en laboratoire ou même dans la préparation de pesticides et de cosmétiques.
Acrylate d'éthyle
Acrylate de butyle
acrylique, AcideL'acide acrylique ou acide acroléïque ou acide prop-2-énoïque est un composé organique de formule brute C3H4O2 et de formule semi-développée CH2=CHCOOH. C'est un acide carboxylique et un alcène vinylique, et se présente comme un liquide incolore à l'odeur âcre.
L'acide acrylique et ses esters, les acrylates, sont utilisés dans la fabrication de matières plastiques, dans les peintures acryliques et dans divers autres polyacryliques qui ont de multiples usages.
AcrylonitrileL'acrylonitrile est un nitrile de formule semi-développée CH2CHCN. C'est un liquide hautement inflammable d'odeur âcre. Il est un monomère utilisé dans la polymérisation de nombreuses fibres textiles (Orlon, Crylor® fabriquée par Rhône-Poulenc). En copolymérisation avec le butadiène, il fournit des élastomères « azotés » doués de propriétés remarquables, telles que la résistance aux huiles et aux agents chimiques, et avec le butadiène et le styrène, il forme des résines solides de hautes performances (résines ABS).
Agents de tannage
Copolymérisation
Cuirs et peaux -- Propriétés mécaniques
Cuirs et peaux -- Propriétés organoleptiques
Cuirs et peaux -- Propriétés physiques
Cuirs et peaux de porcs
Méthacrylate de méthyle
Monomères
polymères vinyliques
Retannage
Tannage synthétiqueIndex. décimale : 675.2 Préparation du cuir naturel. Tannage Résumé : The correlations between the comonomer ratio of vinyl polymer tanning agents and their application properties were studied by the two-power regression orthogonal design. Eight monomers (AN-acrylonitrile, AM-acrylamide, MAA-methyl acrylic acid, MMA-methyl methacrylate, VAc-vinyl acetate, MA-methyl acrylate, EA-ethyl acrylate, BA-butyl acrylate) were separately chosen to copolymerize with acrylic acid (AA) to form the corresponding copolymers. We measured ten proper indexes of the application properties for each copolymer used in retanning such as thickness increment ratio, shrinking temperature increment, phy-mech properties, compressibility factor etc. The effects of the eight comonomers (AN, AM, MAA, MMA, VAc, MA, EA, BA) on the property indexes of the leather samples were also discussed.
It has been found that the comonomers with polar groups can increase the tensile strength and the shrinking temperature of the leather samples, but they may affect the softness of the leather samples and the pliability of the collagen fibrils. The comonomer of AM makes an outstanding contribution to the fullness of leather samples. The acrylate comonomers, such as MA, EA, BA, can improve the pliability of collagen fibrils of retanned leather samples and the improvement extent is related to the carbon chain length of the ester groups. The comonomers with methyl groups (such as MAA, MMA) can decrease the pliability of the leather samples.Note de contenu : - EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURES : Application of tannages-see details in Table III - Determination of leather properties
- RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS : Test results (Table IV–XIII )
- DISCUSSIONS :
- THEORETICAL ANALYSIS ABOUT THE EFFECT OF COMONOMER ON PROPERTIES OF RETANNED LEATHER : The fullness of leather - The softness of leather - Elasticity of leather - Strength and flexibility of leather fibres - Comonomer AM has a remarkable effect on the fullness of leather - The introduction of ester group in side group of tannages may give an increase in the flexibility of collagen fibres in the retanned leather - The introduction of polar group (such as -CN,-CONH2 increase the strength of the collagen fibres - The methyl group (side group) in the tannage does harm to the strength, softness, fullness of retanned leather and the flexibility of the collagen fibres
- Table 1 : Maximum ratios of comonomers
- Table 2 : Compositions of every comonomer (mole%)
- Table 3 : Retanning procedure of blue pigskin garment leather
- Table 4 : Effect of the kind and ratio of the comonomer on Thickness Increment Ratio 1 of retanned leather samples (%)
- Table 5 : Effect of the kind and ratio of the comonomer on Thickness Increment Ratio 2 of retanned leather samples (%)
- Table 6 : Effect of the kind and ratio of the comonomer on Shrinkage Temperatures of retanned leather samples (°C)
- Table 7 : Effect of the kind and ratio of the comonomer on the Tensile Strength of retanned leather samples (kg/mm2)
- Table 8 : Effect of the kind and ratio of the comonomer on the Unit Load Elongation Ratio of retanned leather samples (%)
- Table 9 : Effect of the kind and ratio of the comonomer on the Break Elongation Ratio of retanned leather samples (%)
- Table 10 : Effect of the kind and ratio of the comonomer on the Bursting Strength of retanned leather samples (kg/mm)
- Table 11 : Effect of the kind and ratio of the comonomer on Bursting Height of retanned leather samples (mm)
- Table 12 : Effect of the kind and ratio of the comonomer on Tearing Strength of retanned leather samples (kg/mm)
- Table 13 : Effect of the kind and ratio of the comonomer on Compressibility Factor of retanned leather samples
- Table 14 : Effect of the comonomers in the vinyl polymer tannages on the properties of retanned leather samplesEn ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1cmL6Ph4ZvQ33HSy_PU6sSqXlhPQtJ1yQ/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=40027
in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC) > Vol. 86, N° 2 (03-04/2002) . - p. 47-54[article]The determination of some physical properties of leather / W. P. Walker in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 54, N° 11 (11/1970)
[article]
Titre : The determination of some physical properties of leather Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : W. P. Walker, Auteur Année de publication : 1970 Article en page(s) : p. 398-404 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Cuirs et peaux -- Propriétés physiques
Matériau pleinIndex. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : Although entitled "The Determination of Some Physical Properties", this paper deals mainly with the determination of one particular physical property, namely the "fullness".
This property is best defined in a negative way in that in a full leather there is an absence of intrinsic stiffness. The fullness of a leather sample is the inverse of the bending modulus.
The important word in this definition is intrinsic. A manual assessment of the softness of a leather sample is affected not only by the intrinsic stiffness of the fibre weave, but by the thickness of the leather and by other factors. It is important to the tanner to be able to determine the intrinsic stiffness of the leather.
This property of fullness we determine on the Pierce Flexometer. This apparatus was originally used by Pierce' to determine the properties of textiles but was subsequently adapted by Conabere2 of the B.L.M.R.A. to the determi¬nation of leather properties. The experimental work used in this paper was carried out by Lee and Whitton using a version of the Pierce Flexometer.
For this paper I have taken as illustrations of the usefulness of fullness determinations, two investigations made in our laboratories, the first concerning the production of a white leather of suitable properties, the second the selection of the best blend of synthetic and vegetable materials for retanning chromed stock. In these experiments, mixtures of two tanning materials were used and the properties of the different leathers obtained from the different tanning mixtures were related to the composition of the mixtures used. Using this method a tanner can find the mixture of tanning materials which will give him the desired characteristics in his leather or, as is more usual, the best compromise in characteristics.En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1fshmpz7mPIq9vp6fr0ip7KoE_MWpuaRi/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=37023
in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC) > Vol. 54, N° 11 (11/1970) . - p. 398-404[article]Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 007088 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible The effect of fatliquor emulsion on the physical properties of resultant leather / Zongcai Zhang in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 88, N° 3 (05-06/2004)
[article]
Titre : The effect of fatliquor emulsion on the physical properties of resultant leather Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Zongcai Zhang, Auteur ; Hong Dai, Auteur ; Juan Du, Auteur Année de publication : 2004 Article en page(s) : p. 110-112 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Chromatographie en phase liquide à hautes performances
Cuirs et peaux -- Propriétés physiques
Emulsions
Granulométrie
Produits de nourriture du cuir
Tension superficielleIndex. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : This paper reports on a study of the effects of fatliquor emulsion parameters on leather performance. The results show that the emulsion properties, including particle size distribution of emulsion, surface tension and oil (active fat/ neutral oil) content have a great impact on the performance of the resultant leather. The work provides a theoretical foundation for the development of fatliquoring agents. Note de contenu : - MATERIALS AND METHODS : Reagents - Particle size distribution of emulsion - Emulsion stability of fatliquor - Surface tension - Effective component content - Active component contents of the effective component - Stratigraphic testing - Bound oil in leather - Physical properties of resultant leather
- RESULTS : Emulsion characteristics of fatliquors - Results of stratigraphic testing - Physical properties of resultant leather
- DISCUSSION : Emulsion characteristics and extracted fat content of resultant leather - Emulsion properties and physical properties of resultant leather
- Table 1 : HPLC conditions
- Table 2 : Emulsion properties of fatliquoring agents
- Table 3 : Extracted oil content in the 3 splits of the resultant leather
- Table 4 : Physical properties of resultant leathersEn ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1LcRnJiFM9i2WpYATw_Z1neYP4WbTywwn/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=39637
in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC) > Vol. 88, N° 3 (05-06/2004) . - p. 110-112[article]The effect of palm oil sulfatation time on fatliquor quality and finished leather product / Rihastiwi Setiya Murti in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CXV, N° 5 (05/2020)
[article]
Titre : The effect of palm oil sulfatation time on fatliquor quality and finished leather product Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Rihastiwi Setiya Murti, Auteur ; Emiliana Kasmudjiastuti, Auteur ; Ono Suparno, Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : p. 184-189 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Allongement à la rupture
Chimie analytique
Cuirs et peaux -- Propriétés mécaniques
Cuirs et peaux -- Propriétés physiques
Douceur (toucher)
Fourier, Spectroscopie infrarouge à transformée de
Huile de palme et constituants
Microscopie électronique à balayage
Produits de nourriture du cuir
Résistance à la traction
SulfatationIndex. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : Fatliquoring process is an important process in leather manufacturing as the process affects the properties of leather such as softness, oil content, tensile strength, elongation at break and tear strength. In this study, sulfated oil was made from palm oil by sulfatation process using 25% sulfuric acid (98% content) with variation of sulfatation times (0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 hours). The study aimed to know the influence of sulfatation time on the production of sulfated oil to the quality of oil and finish leather produced. The results showed the sulfatation time affected the quality of sulfated oil and tanned leather. The optimum time for sulfatation process of palm oil was three hours. The quality of sulfated oil had water content of 6.47%, pH of 8, oil content of 81.28%, saponification number of 192.74%, total alkalinity of 0.25%, ash content of 2.77% and SO3 levels bond of 7.68%. The quality of finished leather were tensile strength of 286.50 N/mm2, elongation at break of 63.33%, softness of 3.92 mm and oil content of 10.15%. Note de contenu : - EXPERIMENTAL : Materials and equipment - Synthesis of fatliquor from bulk palm oil using sulfatation process - Fatliquoring - Gas chromatography (GC) analysis - FT-IR analysis - Chemical properties - Physical properties - Microscopic studies
- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : FT-IR analysis - Chemical properties - Physical properties - Tensile strength - Elongation at break - Softness - Oil content - Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM)DOI : https://doi.org/10.34314/jalca.v115i5.3812 En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1HnkY-yLwM5EnR7PYbK1QUJjPWRQ-zzir/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=34164
in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. CXV, N° 5 (05/2020) . - p. 184-189[article]Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 21742 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible The effect of splitting and shaving upon some physical characteristics of side upper leather / D. Geoff Hawthorne in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. LXX (Année 1975)
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PermalinkThermophysical and functional-consumer qualities of shoe upper leather / Nataliia Pervaia in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 104, N° 1 (01-02/2020)
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PermalinkWithin and between skin variation of physical properties in bovine leather / A. W. Landmann in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 63, N° 3 (05-06/1979)
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