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[article]
Titre : Transparency in compounding : Inline testing methods for monitoring processes Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Pierre Pfeffer, Auteur ; Norbert Halmen, Auteur ; Thomas Hochrein, Auteur ; Giovanni Schober, Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : p. 10-13 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Analyse spectrale
Assurance qualité
Contrôle non destructif
Matières plastiques
Mesures optiques
Micro-ondes
Procédés de fabrication
Térahertz
UltrasonsIndex. décimale : 668.4 Plastiques, vinyles Résumé : The quality of final products can be increased by using measurement technology for monitoring production processes. Interest in it is increasing especially for compounding. There are various existing methods of non-destructive testing that can also be used inline in the manufacturing process. The different methods are suitable for different applications: an overview of the current capabilities and limitations of the various inline methods. Note de contenu : - Ultrasonics : Proven, but temperature-dependent technology
- Optical spectroscopy : Regulating color directly in production
- Microwave and terahertz : Temperature-independent and non-contacting
- The appropriate method for the particular application
- Fig. 1 : An overview of electromagnetic and mechanical waves arranged in the order of frequency and wave length : The red colored areas represent the NDT methods used in plastics processing
- Fig. 2 : Dependence of measurable ultrasonic amplitude (extinction coefficients) of filler content and the accompanying median size of chalk particles in plastics compounds: By using such databank-integrated calibration curves, both of these quality relevant features can be quantified inline by ultrasound
- Fig. 3 : Process chain exemplified by color measurement of dyed plastics products: Dyed compounds are manufactured from various raw materials and processed further, either continuously by extrusion, or discontinuously to injection molded products. All along the process chain there are various possibilities for monitoring color quality
- Fig. 4 : Dependence of a characteristic value, the so-called refractive index determined via terahertz from the degree of melting in a compound or the melt temperature: The degree of melting can be recorded inline by consulting a databank specific to the material
- Fig. 5 : The dependence of so-called intensity, a characteristic value recorded via terahertz from the stochastic appearance of foreign materials in a compound (left), as well as a microscopic image of a machine-related wear particle in the melt (right): A threshold value (red line, left) can be defined by taking a variety of processing states into consideration beyond which the measuring signal can be univocally consigned to a foreign particleEn ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/14HvEX29bLDS3vrJDpT7bgV9MOWqmqJhZ/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=35712
in KUNSTSTOFFE INTERNATIONAL > Vol. 111, N° 4 (2021) . - p. 10-13[article]Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 22682 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible Transposition of chrome tanning in leather making / Chao Wu in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CIX, N° 6 (06/2014)
[article]
Titre : Transposition of chrome tanning in leather making Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Chao Wu, Auteur ; Wenhua Zhang, Auteur ; Xuepin Liao, Auteur ; Yunhang Zeng, Auteur ; Bi Shi, Auteur Année de publication : 2014 Article en page(s) : p. 176-183 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Absorption
Cuirs et peaux -- Propriétés mécaniques
Eau -- Consommation -- Réduction
Eaux usées -- Analyse
Morphologie (matériaux)
Oxydes de chrome
Post-tannage
Procédés de fabrication
Récupération (Déchets, etc.)
Stabilité hydrothermale
Tannage au chrome
Tannage organique
Wet-white (tannage)Index. décimale : 675.2 Préparation du cuir naturel. Tannage Résumé : To avoid the release of chrome from leather into post tanning effluents and the generation of chrome shavings, an inverse chrome tanning technology based on wet white was investigated. Conventional bated pelt was firstly tanned using an amphoteric organic tanning agent (Tingjiang white tanning agent, TWT) without pickling. Then, the TWT tanned wet white was directly processed with conventional post tanning processes. Chrome tanning was transposed to the end of the post tanning. The wet white had a shrinkage temperature (Ts) around 85°C that met the needs of shaving operation, and did not generate chrome shavings. The Ts and Cr2O3 content of the leather, by using this inverse chrome tanning technology, were higher than those of the conventional chrome tanned leather. With this inverse technology, the chrome output was reduced by 48%, mainly because no chrome was released from leather in post tanning processes. Meanwhile, the volume of chromium-containing wastewater discharged from the inverse processes was barely 31% of that from the conventional processes, which makes it much easier to collect and recover chromium from the effluents. Additionally, the tensile strength, tear strength and general appearances of the leather produced by the inverse technology were comparable to those of the conventional chrome tanned leather. Note de contenu : - EXPERIMENTAL : Materials - Leather making processes - Analyses of leather properties (Hydrothermal stability - Distribution of chrome in leather - Morphology of leather - Physical properties) - Analyses of effluents (Total organic carbon concentration (TOC) - Concentration of chrome in effluents
- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : pH change in leather making processes - Content and distribution of Cr2O3 in leather - Discharge of chrome from leather making processes - Absorption capacity of leathers of retanning and fatliquoring chemicals - Morphology in leathers -Physical properties of leathersEn ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1uviZiCwz4VgYvS-NNEWcomxG72XyP5nM/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=21515
in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. CIX, N° 6 (06/2014) . - p. 176-183[article]Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 16325 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible 16406 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible Two stage leather dyeing - A novel approach to minimize the dye discharge in the effluent / N. Vedaraman in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CVI, N° 6 (06/2011)
[article]
Titre : Two stage leather dyeing - A novel approach to minimize the dye discharge in the effluent Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : N. Vedaraman, Auteur ; Chellappa Muralidharan, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : p. 184-189 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Colorants acides
Cuirs et peaux -- Teinture
Procédés de fabrication
TeintureTags : Cuir Teinture 'Méthode teinture' 'Processus 'Réutilisation 'Colorant acide' Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : Large quantities of synthetic dyes are used in tanneries for coloring leathers. A significant portion of the dyes offered do not fix to the leather and the un-utilized dye is discharged in the effluent, which may be environmentally harmful as it may require a long time for degradation. Depending upon the wastewater treatment methods adopted, sometimes these dyes may generate several highly toxic compounds. These dyes, when discharged into water bodies or land, may also cause severe environmental and health problems. Up to 10% (weight/weight of leather) dye is used in the dyeing process of conventional leather making. There are several physiochemical methods reported for treatment of dyes in effluent, which mainly degrade and remove the dye in effluent and do not aim for recovery and reuse of dye. In the present study an attempt has been made to modify the dyeing process in such a way that minimum dye is discharged in the effluent. Most of the un-utilized dye is recovered and recycled or re-utilized in subsequent dyeing. The visual and instrumental examination of the dyed leathers with this modified dyeing method led to encouraging results. This approach has not only reduced the dye discharge after dyeing but also facilitated substantial reduction in dye input by reuse thereby providing economic benefit to the tanners. The study was carried out for a specific synthetic acid dye and should be also be easily extended to other class of dyes. Note de contenu : - Leather dyeing
- Conventional dyeing
- Two stage equilibrium dyeing
- Two stage with 20 % excess dyeing to match shade
EXPERIMENTAL : Materials and methods - Neutralization - dyeing - Fatliquoring and fixingEn ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1Z1Z3S_UVj4_A6saTpib-w7ceCDoFUx5E/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=11717
in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. CVI, N° 6 (06/2011) . - p. 184-189[article]Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 16697 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible Typical and indispensable / Peter Schwarzmann in KUNSTSTOFFE INTERNATIONAL, Vol. 105, N° 4 (04/2015)
[article]
Titre : Typical and indispensable : Controlling the wall thickness distribution during thermoforming by preforming Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Peter Schwarzmann, Auteur Année de publication : 2015 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Matériaux -- Epaisseur
Matières plastiques -- Thermoformage
Préformage
Procédés de fabricationIndex. décimale : 668.4 Plastiques, vinyles Résumé : Preforming of the intermediate before final forming – this can be found neither during injection molding nor during blow molding. This process step is so important during thermoforming because the wall thickness distribution in the finished molding is more or less predetermined here. En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1a9OW5_5Cx9HMSN7ujYqZAPwgp9zqKnOn/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=23833
in KUNSTSTOFFE INTERNATIONAL > Vol. 105, N° 4 (04/2015)[article]Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 17158 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible Understanding and improving painting processes / Joerg Zumkley in INTERNATIONAL SURFACE TECHNOLOGY (IST), Vol. 12, N° 3 (2019)
[article]
Titre : Understanding and improving painting processes Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Joerg Zumkley, Auteur Année de publication : 2019 Article en page(s) : p. 16-18 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Analyse des défaillances (fiabilité)
Atomisation
Atomiseurs
Automobiles -- Revêtements:Automobiles -- Peinture
Procédés de fabrication
Revêtement -- Séchage:Peinture -- Séchage
Revêtements -- Appareils et matériels:Peinture -- Appareils et matériels
Système de pulvérisation (technologie)Index. décimale : 667.6 Peintures Résumé : The conditions in every car plant are different and they can have an undesirable effect on the results of the painting process. For this reason, BASF's Coatings division has set up a research centre where it investigates the different variables and influences on the painting process. Note de contenu : - Understanding paint atomisation
- Optimum curing processes
- Keeping process faults to a minimum
- Fig. 1 : The continuous drying oven allows the curing processes used by a variety of car manufacturers to be simulated
- Fig. 2 : The main reason for the contamination of paint atomisers are overspray, vacuum and high-voltage effectsPermalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=33845
in INTERNATIONAL SURFACE TECHNOLOGY (IST) > Vol. 12, N° 3 (2019) . - p. 16-18[article]Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 21131 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible A unique eco-designed process for an innovative natural active ingredient / Laurie Verzeaux in SOFW JOURNAL, Vol. 146, N° 1-2 (01-02/2020)
PermalinkPermalinkUse of hardwood pulp for production of high-tenacity viscose fibers / Axel Rußler in CHEMICAL FIBERS INTERNATIONAL, Vol. 64, N° 2 (05/2014)
PermalinkUseful process data from the injection molding machine / Felix A. Heinzler in KUNSTSTOFFE INTERNATIONAL, Vol. 104, N° 2 (02/2014)
PermalinkUtilization of tannery solid waste : Dry strength additive for papermaking / Yaohui You in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CVIII, N° 7 (07/2013)
PermalinkUV LED technology improves display manufacturing throughput / Rui Zhou in POLYMERS PAINT COLOUR JOURNAL - PPCJ, Vol. 208, N° 4640 (04/2018)
PermalinkValidation of processing methods as part of scale-up / Stacey Irving in PERSONAL CARE EUROPE, Vol. 8, N° 3 (04/2015)
PermalinkWet grinding for UV inks / Stephen Jung in POLYMERS PAINT COLOUR JOURNAL - PPCJ, Vol. 194, N° 4463 (04/2003)
PermalinkWhy must the process control make corrections on restart ? / Stefan Kruppa in KUNSTSTOFFE INTERNATIONAL, Vol. 107, N° 9 (09/2017)
PermalinkWoven fabrics / Thomas Wechsler in MEDICAL DEVICE TECHNOLOGY, Vol. 14 , N° 5 (06/2003)
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