[article]
| Titre : |
Krafft points and Cloud points of polyoxyethylated nonionic surfactants : part. 3. The effect of hydrotropes and other organic electrolytes |
| Type de document : |
texte imprimé |
| Auteurs : |
H. Schott, Auteur |
| Année de publication : |
2009 |
| Article en page(s) : |
p. 39-47 |
| Note générale : |
Bibliogr. |
| Langues : |
Anglais (eng) |
| Catégories : |
Cations
Electrolytes
Polyéthylène glycol
Surfactants
|
| Tags : |
Polyoxyethylated nonionic surfactants Nonionic Krafft point Effect short organic electrolytes Clouod short-chain of hydrotropes Cloud Kfrafft mixtures cationic |
| Index. décimale : |
668.1 Agents tensioactifs : savons, détergents |
| Résumé : |
The effect of various organic electrolytes on the Krafft point (KP) of two and the cloud point (CP) of three polyoxyethylated nonionic surfactants is described. Additives that lower the KP or raise the CP salt the surfactants in. The short-chain organic electrolytes acetic acid and propionic acid lower the KP of polyoxyl 10 cetyl ether (C16E10) while sodium acetate, propionate and butyrate leave the KP largely unaffected. Sodium acetate and sodium propionate lower the CP of C16E10 substantially. Sodium butyrate raises the CP, presumably by rendering the C16E10 micelles partly ionic via mixed micelle formation. Hydrotropes (sodium benzoate, salicylate and xylene sulfonate, and the nonelectrolyte nicotinamide) lower the KP of polyoxyl 10 stearyl ether (C18E10) substantially at 3.0 m concentrations and raise the CP substantially even at 0.10 m concentrations. The KPs of mixtures of C18E10 (KP = 48°) and hexadecylamine hydrochloride (HDCl, KP = 44°) were measured at a constant total surfactant concentration of 2.0% based on the weight of water. The plot of KP versus the relative weight-percent HDCl is V-shaped with a eutectic minimum of 32° at 33% HDCl. The left branch is entirely linear. It shows how increasing weight-percentages of HDCl lower the KP of C18E10. The right branch is linear up to ca. 80% HDCl but becomes less steep at higher HDCl concentrations. It shows how decreasing weight-percentages of C18E10 raise the KP of HDCl. |
| Permalink : |
https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=3719 |
in TENSIDE, SURFACTANTS, DETERGENTS > Vol. 46, N° 1/1009 (01-02/2009) . - p. 39-47
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