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Aluminum tanning of hide powder and skin pieces under microwave irradiation / Yue Liu in JOURNAL OF LEATHER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING, Vol. 2 (Année 2020)
[article]
Titre : Aluminum tanning of hide powder and skin pieces under microwave irradiation Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Yue Liu, Auteur ; Bin Song, Auteur ; Jinwei Zhang, Auteur ; Carmen Gaidau, Auteur ; Haibin Gu, Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : 13 p. Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Aluminium L'aluminium est un élément chimique, de symbole Al et de numéro atomique 13. C’est un métal pauvre, malléable, de couleur argent, qui est remarquable pour sa résistance à l’oxydation13 et sa faible densité. C'est le métal le plus abondant de l'écorce terrestre et le troisième élément le plus abondant après l'oxygène et le silicium ; il représente en moyenne 8 % de la masse des matériaux de la surface solide de notre planète. L'aluminium est trop réactif pour exister à l'état natif dans le milieu naturel : on le trouve au contraire sous forme combinée dans plus de 270 minéraux différents, son minerai principal étant la bauxite, où il est présent sous forme d’oxyde hydraté dont on extrait l’alumine. Il peut aussi être extrait de la néphéline, de la leucite, de la sillimanite, de l'andalousite et de la muscovite.
L'aluminium métallique est très oxydable, mais est immédiatement passivé par une fine couche d'alumine Al2O3 imperméable de quelques micromètres d'épaisseur qui protège la masse métallique de la corrosion. On parle de protection cinétique, par opposition à une protection thermodynamique, car l’aluminium reste en tout état de cause très sensible à l'oxydation. Cette résistance à la corrosion et sa remarquable légèreté en ont fait un matériau très utilisé industriellement.
L'aluminium est un produit industriel important, sous forme pure ou alliée, notamment dans l'aéronautique, les transports et la construction. Sa nature réactive en fait également un catalyseur et un additif dans l'industrie chimique ; il est ainsi utilisé pour accroître la puissance explosive du nitrate d'ammonium.
Analyse thermique
Cuirs et peaux
Cuirs et peaux de chèvres
Eaux usées -- Analyse
Fourier, Spectroscopie infrarouge à transformée de
Micro-ondes
Microscopie électronique à balayage
Poudre de peaux
Tannage minéralTannage dans lequel interviennent différents minéraux. Le plus répandu est le tannage aux sels de chrome, mais aussi à l’aluminium
ThermogravimétrieIndex. décimale : 675.2 Préparation du cuir naturel. Tannage Résumé : The application and mechanism study of microwave irradiation in traditional industries have attracted considerable attention owing to the unique thermal and athermal effects that could lead to unexpected benefits in high-efficiency and clean production. Herein, we report the investigation of the aluminum tanning under microwave irradiation upon using hide powder and skin pieces, respectively, as simulants of real hide or skin. The aluminum tanning process and the tanned products under microwave heating (MWH) were studied and compared with those of conventional water bath heating (WBH) as the controls. For the tanning system of hide powder, the tanning effluents were analyzed in terms of pH, conductivity, dielectric constant and aluminum content, and the tanned powder was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric (TG) analysis, and FT-IR spectroscopy. For the skin piece system, the pH and aluminum content of tanning effluents were also determined, and at the same time, DSC, TG, SEM, FT-IR and shrinkage temperature were used to illustrate the actions of microwaves on the structure and properties of the tanned pieces. The results show that aluminum reactivity in the penetration and binding process of collagen fibers in hide powder and skin pieces improved using microwave treatment. The residual aluminum content was greatly reduced by microwave heating action, and the increased amount of aluminum with evener distribution was observed in the tanned products. Microwave irradiation also resulted in the tanned products with better thermal stability and thermal decomposition resistance. This work further promotes application of microwave treatments for aluminum-based tanning in leather industry. Note de contenu : - EXPERIMENTAL : Materials - Aluminum tanning of hide powder - Aluminum tanning of goatskin pieces - Analysis of tanning effluent, tanned hide powder and skin pieces
- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : Effect of microwave irradiation on the aluminum tanning of hide powder - Effect of microwave irradiation on the aluminum tanning of skin pieces
- Table 1 : Analysis for the tanning effluents of hide powder under different heating methods
- Table 2 : TG analysis of tanned hide powder obtained under different heating methodsDOI : https://doi.org/10.1186/s42825-020-00037-w En ligne : https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s42825-020-00037-w.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=37456
in JOURNAL OF LEATHER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING > Vol. 2 (Année 2020) . - 13 p.[article]Exemplaires
Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité aucun exemplaire Automated clean leather dyeing assisted by wringing, ultrasound and microwave / Ying Gong in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CVI, N° 4 (04/2011)
[article]
Titre : Automated clean leather dyeing assisted by wringing, ultrasound and microwave Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Ying Gong, Auteur ; Kang Cheng, Auteur ; Tao Zhang, Auteur ; Wuyong Chen, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : p. 127-132 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Cuirs et peaux -- Teinture
Diffractométrie de rayons X
Micro-ondes
Microscopie électronique à balayage
UltrasonsIndex. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : A “clean” leather dyeing was designed with wringing (8-10 kg/cm2), ultrasound (28 kHz, 2.4 W/cm2) and microwave (2450 MHz, 10 W/L). Twenty leathers samples were successively colored with this method in a laboratory scale trial. The dye exhaustion (%), the color values and the color rub fastnesses were determined. Also, the grain surface and the cross-section of the leathers were analyzed before and after dyeing. As presented, it only required 5 minutes to color with this method and the dye exhaustions averaged 2.3%, helpful for the recycling of the dye solution. The color for the test group of ten leathers varied within a small range ( ?E <1) when the solution was directly recycled without dye replenishment. The color fastnesses reached as much as the 4-5 dry rub scale and 3 wet rub scale after the leathers were coated with a typical shoe upper finishing formula. Furthermore, the grain and the collagen fibers were not significantly damaged during the dyeing process as demonstrated by Scanning Electron Microscope and X-ray diffraction analysis. In summary, this clean and quick dyeing could be considered a potential option for leather dyeing. Note de contenu : - EXPERIMENTAL : Materials - experimental set-up - Leather dyeing - Analysis methods : analysis of dye exhaustion - determination of color difference : Determination of fastness to wet and dry rub - scanning electron microscopc study (SEM) - X-ray diffraction study (XRD)
- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : Dye exhaustion - color measurements and fastnesses - SEM analysis - XRD analysis.En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1CQ_v-nJ9ZzVIL7AXa72ZpxuKiLDcpZRP/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=11315
in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. CVI, N° 4 (04/2011) . - p. 127-132[article]Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 013045 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible
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Titre : Beat the heat : New challenges for curing material on heat-sensitive substrates Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : N. Julian K. Danvers, Auteur Année de publication : 2001 Article en page(s) : p. 32-37 et p. 48 Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Adhésifs -- Séchage sous rayonnement ultraviolet
Adhésifs thermofusibles
Electrodes
Micro-ondes
Réflectivité thermique
Systèmes de refroidissementIndex. décimale : 668.3 Adhésifs et produits semblables Résumé : With the advances being made in material science and technology, there is an increase in the amount of polymeric materials used within today's manufacturing environment. The growth of UV curing for its process, performance and environmental factors is presenting new challenges on how to best cure material on thermally sensitive substrates.
This article will look at the technology and processes that can be used when the inherent heat generated as part of the UV-source is detrimental to the substrate. It will investigate different types of UV curing systems that can be used for paying special attention to the heat transmission properties associated with them as well as looking at some sample applications in which they can be used. For the benefit of this article, discussions will be based around electrode (arc) and microwave UV equipment. While EB (electron beam) and pulsed UV are both alternative radiation-curing technologies, these will be not covered.Note de contenu : - Technology comparison basis of UV generation
- Electrode systems
- Microwave systems
- Bulb types
- Reflector technologies
- Reflector geometry
- Focus, UV intensity and aspect ratio
- Cooling systems
- Operational differences
- Starting
- Maintenance and operating costs
- Sensitive substratesEn ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1Fcun4krwfzQlSZBQYJv9US-EL7umQMKv/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=19958
in ADHESIVES AGE > Vol. 44, N° 12 (12/2001) . - p. 32-37 et p. 48[article]Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 001465 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible 001466 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible
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Titre : Beat the heat : New challenges for curing material on heat-sensitive substrates Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : N. Julian K. Danvers, Auteur Année de publication : 2002 Article en page(s) : p. s4-s7 Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Adhésifs -- Séchage sous rayonnement électronique
Adhésifs -- Séchage sous rayonnement ultraviolet
Coût de production
Entretien et réparations
Micro-ondes
Réticulation (polymérisation)Index. décimale : 668.3 Adhésifs et produits semblables Résumé : While the lamp head in itself is the primary generator for the heat, this article has tried to demonstrate the factors and technology available in this area to deal with this issue. The exact system used depends on the type and scale of application. Microwave technology has particular advantage in powder, fiber optic, hard coat and plastic component applications. A water-filtered lamp here is better suited to webstyle processes.
There is a significant overlap between the suitability of UV sources for different applications. Some of the processes involved can be complex. For example, when curing a coating onto pine, heat is a major issue due to sap rising from the wood and damaging the coating. A recent case has seen electrode technology removed in favor of the lower heat and high intensities associated with microwave.
With a three-dimensional object, the short length on a microwave system becomes a major advantage when trying to cover the whole surface with an even UV dose. Automotive headlights generally use a three-lamp arrangement to achieve this result.
When dealing with large sheets or webs, a water-cooled or filtered system becomes more advantageous due to the continuous span. For example, the printing of a bank note onto either paper or plastic will use this style technology. The choice of lamp head is a complex issue and the factors affecting the design chosen are not straightforward as it is in a trade-off situation. What I have aimed to do is highlight the area that needs to be considered to enable the reader to better judge the situation.Note de contenu : - Reflector Technologies
- Focus, UV Intensity & Aspect Ratio
- Operational Differences
- Maintenance & Operating CostsEn ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1RXonadhnfSTnMruk10x7emcXrqshSXP3/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=19992
in ADHESIVES AGE > Vol. 45, N° 3 (03/2002) . - p. s4-s7[article]Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 001469 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible Behavior of fatliquored leathers in a microwave field / Ying Gong in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CVII, N° 2 (02/2012)
[article]
Titre : Behavior of fatliquored leathers in a microwave field Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Ying Gong, Auteur ; Tao Zhang, Auteur ; Wuyong Chen, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : p. 60-67 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Analyse spectrale
Collagène
Cuir
Huiles et graisses de poissons
Micro-ondes
Produits de nourriture du cuirIndex. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : Leathers fatliquored with sulfited fish oil were irradiated with microwave at various intensities, then their physical properties and the microstructure of collagen fibers were investigated to show the roles of microwave field. As confirmed, the free and capillary moisture in leather were firstly removed by microwave radiation, accompanying with diminution in area. However, the hydrothermal stability of leather was scarcely altered. Scanning Electron Microscope images indicated that the dispersion of collagen fibers was not destroyed with microwave exposure. In addition, the characteristic D-periodicity and microstructure for the collagen were changed little as revealed by Atomic Force Microscope and X-ray Diffraction studies. Furthermore, there was some improvement in the softness of leathers because of migration of oil and its uniform distribution. These results could be helpful for understanding the roles of microwave technique in leather industry. Note de contenu : - EXPERIMENTAL : Materials - Experimental set-up - Microwave irradiation trials - Analyses of physical properties of leathers (measurement of temperature on leather grain - determination of face area yield (%) - Measurement of moisture content (%) - Determination of shrinkage temperature) - Measurement of softness - Characterization of collagen fibers in leathers (scanning electron microscope study - Atomic force microscope study - X-ray diffractometer study) - Characterization of fatliquors (dielectric constant study - viscosity study - determination of particle size in fatliquor solution)
- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : Physical properties - SEM analyses - AFM analyses - XRD analyses - Properties of fatliquorsEn ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1JStobg1o40hlW2K1GoFzGut0BrHNqtWj/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=13571
in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. CVII, N° 2 (02/2012) . - p. 60-67[article]Réservation
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