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Pilot production of chrome-tanned leather without formation of hexavalent chromium by treatment with a combination of inhibitors / Koki Ogata in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 103, N° 1 (01-02/2019)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC) > Vol. 103, N° 1 (01-02/2019) . - p. 1-5 Titre : Pilot production of chrome-tanned leather without formation of hexavalent chromium by treatment with a combination of inhibitors Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Koki Ogata, Auteur ; Toshinori Inatsugi, Auteur ; Shunji Hattori, Auteur ; Yoshiko Kagawa, Auteur ; Keiji Yoshimura, Auteur ; Koji Takahashi, Auteur Année de publication : 2019 Article en page(s) : p. 1-5 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Chrome hexavalent Cuirs et peaux -- Analyse Cuirs et peaux -- Propriétés mécaniques Cuirs et peaux -- Propriétés physiques Cuirs et peaux de bovins Inhibiteurs (chimie) Solidité de la couleur Statistique Tannage au chrome Index. décimale : 675.2 Préparation du cuir naturel. Tannage Résumé : A combination of inhibitors, namely a mixture of 1.0mmol of 3(2)-t-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole, 0.01 mmol of ascorbic acid, and 0.001 mmol of collagen peptide exhibiting complete inhibition of C6-+ formation on a laboratory-scale, was applied to produce chrome-tanned upper leather without formation of Cr6+ in the actual manufacturing line of a tanner. In this study, the following two methods were used for application of the combined inhibitor ; spraying with the combined inhibitor solution before finishing, using twice the volume of the dry leather weight after fat-liquoring ; and coating with base-coat containing the combined inhibitor before top coating in the finishing process, using twice the volume of the dry leather weight. Each inhibitor-treated leather contained chemical components similar to those of typical leather produced without the combined inhibitor, and exhibited perfect inhibition of Cr6+ formation, even if heat-aged. ln addition, the physical strength of the inhibitor-treated leathers was higher than that of leather produced usually without inhibitor. In particular, the surface strength (bail burst) of the treated leathers was twice that of the untreated leather. These results indicate that this combination of inhibitors could be effectively applied to industrially produce Cr-tanned leather not only without C6+ formation but also with an improved physical strength. Note de contenu : - MATERIALS AND METHODS : Materials - Production of chrome-tanned upper leather - Combined inhibitor treatment - Extraction of Cr from leather sample - Analytical methods - Statistical analysis - RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : Features of bovine chrome-tanned upper leather - Complete inhibition of Cr6+ formation - Improved physical and mechanical properties - Colour fastness to rubbing En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/12F4qSyp3VzmNQjTbdpNz5u3SQ8S4B0Th/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=31786 [article]

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Investigation of antibiotic-resistant enterobacteriaceae isolated from soaked sheepskins and cattle hides / Meral Birbir in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 103, N° 1 (01-02/2019)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC) > Vol. 103, N° 1 (01-02/2019) . - p. 6-13 Titre : Investigation of antibiotic-resistant enterobacteriaceae isolated from soaked sheepskins and cattle hides Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Meral Birbir, Auteur ; Eda Yazici, Auteur ; Pinar Caglayan, Auteur Année de publication : 2019 Article en page(s) : p. 6-13 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Cuirs et peaux de bovins Cuirs et peaux de moutons Entérobactériacées Essais (technologie) Peaux brutes -- Trempe Résistances aux antibiotiques Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : Antimicrobial resistance of bacteria in human and veterinary medicine has been examined for many years, but there is no information about antimicrobial resistance of Enterobacteriaceae isolated from soaked sheepskins and cattle hides. Therefore the antibiotic resistance of Enterobacteriaceae isolated from soaked sheepskins and cattle hides was investigated. The antibiotic resistance of soaked skin isolates (Citrobacter freundii, Citrobacter koseri, Cronobacter sakazakii, Enterobacter amnigenus, Enterobacter cloacae, Morganella morganii, Proteus mirabilis, Providencia rettgeri) and soaked hide isolates (Citrobacter koseri, Cronobacter sakazakii, Morganella morganii, Providencia rettgeri, Serratia marcescens, Serratia plymuthica, Serratia rubidae) towards 24 different antibiotics were examined using the disc diffusion method. Among thirteen skin isolates, the percentages of resistance against antibiotics used were aztreonam 92%, ampicillin 69%, ceftriaxone 69%, streptomycin 62%, cephalothin 62%, amoxicillin/clavulanate 62%, ceftazidime 61%, nalidixic acid 54%, ciprofloxacin 54%, chloramphenicol 46%, piperacillin/tazobactam 46%, cefuroxime sodium 46%, tetracycline 31%, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim 15%, cefoxitin 15%, ampicillin/sulbactam 15%, kanamycin 15%, tobramycin 8%, meropenem 8% and imipenem 8%. Among ten hide isolates, the percentages of resistance against antibiotics were, ampicillin 80%, amoxicillin/clavulanate 80%, tetracycline 70%, cefuroxime sodium 70%, streptomycin 60%, aztreonam 50%, ceftriaxone 40%, chloramphenicol 30%, ceftazidime 20%, cephalothin 20%, nalidixic acid 30%, cefoxitin 20%, ampicillin/sulbactam 20%, piperacillinitazobactam 20%, ciprofloxacin 20% and kanamycin 10%. While all skin isolates were susceptible to amikacin, gentamicin, ofloxacin, and norfloxacin, all hide isolates were susceptible to amikacin, gentamicin, tobramycin, meropenem, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, norfloxacin pnd ofloxacin. As a conclusion, the species of the family Enterobacteriaceae which were resistant to the antibiotics used in human and veterinary medicine were detected on the soaked skins and hides in the leather industry. Note de contenu : - Enteric isolates - Antibiotic tests - Table 1 : Antibiotic test results of enterobacteriaceae isolated from soaked sheepskins - Table 2 : Antibiotic test results of enterobacteriaceae isolated from soaked cattle hides - Table 3 : Multidrug resistance profiles in enterobacteriaceae isolated from the soaked skin and hide samples En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/17c3njKco2IsIGO7upvLnhHf7a81z21D3/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=31787 [article]

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Preparation of oxidised polyvinyl alcohol using hydrogen peroxide and its application for collagen modification / Baohua Liu in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 103, N° 1 (01-02/2019)

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC) > Vol. 103, N° 1 (01-02/2019) . - p. 14-20 Titre : Preparation of oxidised polyvinyl alcohol using hydrogen peroxide and its application for collagen modification Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Baohua Liu, Auteur ; Ya-Nan Wang, Auteur ; Wei Ding, Auteur ; Bi Shi, Auteur Année de publication : 2019 Article en page(s) : p. 14-20 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Alcool polyvinylique Caractérisation Collagène Oxydation Stabilité thermique Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) was oxidised by hydrogen peroxide to prepare oxidised polyvinyl alcohol (OPA). The chemical structure of OPA was characterised by FTIR, SEC and potentiometric titration. PVA was ruptured into fragments along with the formation of terminal aldehyde and carboxyl groups after oxidation. Then the modification effect of OPA on collagen was investigated. A Schiff's base was formed between the aldehyde group of OPA and the amino group of collagen under alkaline conditions, without altering the triple helical structure of collagen. OPA promoted the moderate aggregation of collagen through chain entanglement, and enhanced the thermal stability of collagen. The main reaction between OPA and collagen was proposed as grafting of the single aldehyde component of OPA onto the collagen chain, which was quite different from the cross-linking action of glutaraldehyde. These results suggest the prospect of designing collagen-based biomaterial with a proper range of strength by OPA. Note de contenu : - MATERIALS AND METHODS : Materials - Preparation of OPA - Reaction between collagen and OPa - Characterisation and analysis - RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : Characterisation of OPA - Modification of collagen by OPA Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=31788 [article]

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Comparative study of glucose and sulfur dioxide reduced chrome powders / Ding Xiaoliang in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 103, N° 1 (01-02/2019)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC) > Vol. 103, N° 1 (01-02/2019) . - p. 21-27 Titre : Comparative study of glucose and sulfur dioxide reduced chrome powders Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Ding Xiaoliang, Auteur ; Shan Zhihua, Auteur ; Fu Xianbing, Auteur ; Sun Hu, Auteur ; Ying Xiaoyan, Auteur Année de publication : 2019 Article en page(s) : p. 21-27 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Absorption Agents de tannage Colorimétrie Croûte (cuir) On entend par "cuir en croûte" des cuirs ayant subi les opérations jusqu'au tannage, à l'exclusion de toute opération de corroyage ou de finissage, mais qui, par opposition aux wet-blue ont été séchés. Cuirs et peaux -- Analyse Cuirs et peaux -- Propriétés mécaniques Cuirs et peaux -- Propriétés physiques Cuirs et peaux -- Teinture Microstructures Poudres Retannage Solubilité Tannage au chrome Température de retrait Wet-blue (tannage) Peau tannée au chrome (le chrome donne une couleur bleue) Index. décimale : 675.2 Préparation du cuir naturel. Tannage Résumé : The chrome tanning agent is always an important material for leather manufacture because of its tanning power and the leather's sensory appeal which cannot be achieved by other tanning agents. The maturation of the chrome tanning technique over one hundred years, allows the leather produced to be distinguished by its nuances. Nowadays, it is beneficial to review the function of chrome tanning agents again because the standards of new market values and environmental requirements require more sophisticated application techniques. The characteristics of two kinds of chrome tanning agents, such as the glucose reduced chrome powder (GCr-S) and the sulfur dioxide reduced chrome powder (SCr-S), were explored by modern analytical detection methods, including the hydrolysis and spectral absorption features; the penetration velocity and absorption rate in pickled hides. The application performance of the two chrome tanning agents used in tanning and retanning was characterised by the handle and physical/mechanical properties of leather after dyeing and fatliquoring. Because of their different composition, structure and hydrolysis characteristics of their solutions, the differences between the two chrome tanning agents in the tanning powers and the differences between the two kinds of leathers in appearance, strength and histological state are represented respectively. It was suggested how to choose and use the type of chrome tanning agent to meet the quality requirements of the leather. Note de contenu : - EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURES : Main materials - Basic characteristics of chrome tanning agent - Chrome tanning - Retanning, dyeing and fatliquoring of wet-blue - The microstructure of crust leathers - RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : Comparative analysis of solubility - Comparative analysis of hydrolysis characteristic - Comparative analysis of spectral absorption - Penetration and absorption of chrome agents - Comparative analysis of chromium content - Shrinkage temperature of tanned leather -Comparative analysis of chromaticity and colour difference - Comparative analysis of grain - Comparative analysis of fibre structure - Comparative analysis of material absorption - Physical and mechanical properties En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1fWXV_gFDpCuo_8qyAos2OO1Try0iHAA9/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=31789 [article]

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Unhairing of bovine skin with fungal enzymes by immersion and spread throughout the epidermis / Maria Laura Garro in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 103, N° 1 (01-02/2019)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC) > Vol. 103, N° 1 (01-02/2019) . - p. 28-34 Titre : Unhairing of bovine skin with fungal enzymes by immersion and spread throughout the epidermis Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Maria Laura Garro, Auteur ; Betina Galarza, Auteur ; Carlos Greco, Auteur ; Roque Hours, Auteur Année de publication : 2019 Article en page(s) : p. 28-34 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Analyse quantitative (chimie) Caractérisation Cuirs et peaux de bovins Diffusion (physique) Enzymes fongiques Epiderme Epilage enzymatique Immersion Microscopie électronique à balayage Travail de rivière (cuir) Index. décimale : 668.5 Parfums et cosmétiques Résumé : The use of enzymes during unhairing in the leather industry to partially reduce sulfide can decrease H2S emission to almost 50%. However the proteolysis needs to be controlled to prevent collagen damage. In bovine epidermis, the stratum corneum plays a crucial role as a hydrophobic barrier. In order to facilitate the diffusion of enzymes, it is necessary to generate channels through this barrier to allow enzymes pass without damaging the collagen. In an ideal enzymatic unhairing the proteolytic activity should be restricted to the basal lamina and pilosebaceous unit. During this experiment, fungal enzyme extracts (CE) were applied on bovine skin in the soaking and unhairing steps as part of the tanning process. The skin contacted with the solutions in two different ways : in direct contact with the epidermis (Mode I) and immersed in the solution (Mode II). Various keratinolytic fungi, previously isolated and selected from different soil samples were used : Neurospora crassa, Verticillium albo-atrum, Trichophyton ajelloi, Chrysosporium sp, Aspergillus sydowii, Paecilomyces lilacinus and Acremonium murorum. The fungal isolates were cultivated under solid state conditions using hair waste obtained from the hair-saving unhairing process as substrate. Enzyme extracts were characterized according to their keratinolytic and proteolytic activity and protein content. Once the immersion with fungal enzymes was finished, the treatment with N. crassa, T. ajelloi, Chrysosporium sp, A. sydowii and P. lilacinus, showed unhaired skin and epidermis removed. After the contact between the epidermis and fungal enzymatic extract of T. ajelloi empty hair follicles were observed. The morphological changes were studied with SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy). Note de contenu : - INTRODUCTION : Epidermis - Basal lamina - Dermis - Objectives - MATERIALS AND METHODS : Fungal strains isolates : culture and characterization - Assessment of protein content and proteolytic activity - Assay of proteolytic and keratinolytic activities - Mode I. Permeability assay of bovine skin epidermis with fungal enzyme extracts - Epidermis - Basal lamina - Dermis - Objectives - MATERIALS AND METHODS : Fungal strains isolates : culture and characterization - Assessment of protein content and proteolytic activity - Assay of proteolytic and keratinolytic activities - Mode I. Permeability assay of bovine skin epidermis with fungal enzyme extracts - Control wells - Mode II. Assay with bovine skin immersed in the solutions - Control tubes - Scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) protocol - RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : Assay of proteolytic and keratinolytic activities - SEM observation En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1ym8R2Zy2q7HOf8f4HNvldFgm04pmesC6/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=31790 [article]

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Preparation and application of a novel cationic fatliquoring agent / Yang Hong in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 103, N° 1 (01-02/2019)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC) > Vol. 103, N° 1 (01-02/2019) . - p. 35-42 Titre : Preparation and application of a novel cationic fatliquoring agent Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Yang Hong, Auteur ; Jin Liqiang, Auteur ; Yulu Wang, Auteur ; Jinlong Wang, Auteur Année de publication : 2019 Article en page(s) : p. 35-42 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Analyse sensorielle Caractérisation Colorants -- Absorption Colorimétrie Composés organiques -- Synthèse Cuirs et peaux -- Propriétés mécaniques Douceur (toucher) Emulsifiants Formulation (Génie chimique) Produits de nourriture du cuir Solidité de la couleur Solutions aqueuses (chimie) Tension superficielle Tomographie Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : In this work, a novel cationic fatliquoring agent YI-1 was prepared by two steps. Firstly, a cationic emulsifier YW based on fatty acid triethanolamine ester was synthesized by using stearic acid, triethanolamine and benzyl chloride. Then, YH was obtained by mixing a certain amount of YW, non-ionic surfactant and neutral oil. The composition of YH was optimized by its application behaviour as a fatliquor. The structure of YW was characterised by infrared spectroscopy and H-NMR. The surface tension of YW aqueous solution was determined by using a surface tension meter. The stability, particle size and zeta potential of YH were studied. The results show that YH exhibits high centrifugal stability and electrolyte resistance with an average particle size of 24.44nm and zeta potential of 60.8mV at pl-14.5. The leather samples treated by YH show high softness, tensile strength and tear strength. When YH was used as a dye-fixing agent, it could promote the absorption and fixation of anionic dyestuff, and improve the dry/wet fastness of leather and the colour fastness of washing. Note de contenu : - EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURES : Materials - Preparation process of cationic fatliquoring agent YH - Characterisation - Application formulations - Determination of leather properties - RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS : Synthesis of cationic emulsfifier YW - Surface tension of YW aqueous solution - Optimisation of preparation conditions of YH - Physical and chemical indices of YH - The applications results of YH En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/18uP_e5DEwIYcUA-K0qEPllcLkGtAFSTp/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=31791 [article]

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Investigation into the hazards of finished Cr-tanned leather as both product and waste / Liangqiong Peng in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 103, N° 1 (01-02/2019)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC) > Vol. 103, N° 1 (01-02/2019) . - p. 43-48 Titre : Investigation into the hazards of finished Cr-tanned leather as both product and waste Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Liangqiong Peng, Auteur ; Yue Li, Auteur ; Weimo Han, Auteur ; Wenjun Long, Auteur ; Wenhua Zhang, Auteur ; Bi Shi, Auteur Année de publication : 2019 Article en page(s) : p. 43-48 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Caractérisation Chrome Chrome hexavalent -- Toxicologie Cuir -- Déchets Produits de lixiviation Substances dangereuses Tests de toxicité Toxicologie Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : In this study, the hazardous, substances in finished chrome-tanned leather and in leachates were determined and evaluated based on ISO or national standards, and the overall toxicity toward Photobacterium phosphoreum of the leachates was assessed. No restricted hazardous substances, such as Cr(VI), Hel-40 and carcinogenic dyes in leathers exceeded the thresholds proposed in the criteria for eco-label leather products. Chrome leathers were then leached with deionized water with a solid/liquid ratio of 1:20 to simulate rainwater leaching, and the heavy metals as well as organic compounds in leachates were analysed by ICP-OES, spectrophotometry, and GC-MS. The total chrome, Cr(VI) and TOC in the leachates of leathers were about 2.6-2.8, 0 and 237-277mg/L, repectively, and the low contents of hazardous substances in leachates showed that leather should net be considered as toxic waste when discarded. However, the biotoxicity assays of the leachates from leathers showed quite a high luminescence inhibition rate of about 97-98%, suggesting a hazard to aquatic organisms. Though the leachable chrome showed the greatest concentration in general, the toxicity of leachates seems complicated and further studies are needed. Note de contenu : - MATERIALS AND METHODS : Materials and reagents - Hazardous substances in leather - Leaching test - Toxicological assays - RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : Hazardous substances in leather - The characterisation of the leachates - The biotoxicity of leachates to photobacterium phosphoreum En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/133EXsCaE5xJbzgJAphoFkiwhdmagqdMi/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=31792 [article]

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