An examination of antimicrobial activity of lining leathers fatliquored with essential oils / Elzbieta Bielak in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CXI, N° 6 (06/2016)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. CXI, N° 6 (06/2016) . - p. 213-220 Titre : An examination of antimicrobial activity of lining leathers fatliquored with essential oils Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Elzbieta Bielak, Auteur ; Ewa Marcinkowska, Auteur ; Justyna Sygula-Cholewinska, Auteur ; Jan Golonka, Auteur Année de publication : 2016 Article en page(s) : p. 213-220 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Antimicrobiens Cuirs et peaux -- Conservation Huiles essentielles Produits de conservation du cuir Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : To prevent losses caused by microbiological decay of leathers during technological processing, biocidal and biostatic chemical agents are used. They are introduced into the material structure at various stages of the tanning process. It has been shown that some of these agents are not neutral to human health and to the environment. Thus, substitutes for chemical preparations of appropriate efficiency in control of bacteria and fungi, but being safe to humans and the environment are sought. Suitability has been adequately confirmed by research performed worldwide on essential oils. In this paper antimicrobial resistance of lining leathers protected with essential oils extracted from plants Cinnamomum verum, Eucalyptus globulus, Origanum vulgare, Leptospermum scoparium and Thymus vulgaris is investigated. They were introduced into the leather at the fatliquoring stage at 5% per weight of leather. Antimicrobial activity of samples oiled with essential oils and controls (without these oils) was evaluated against bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and yeasts Candida albicans after 1 and 6 months. The growth inhibition zone around leather samples and microorganism growth, or lack of growth, within the sample-medium contact zone was determined. Investigations have confirmed the efficiency of three of five proposed oils: oregano, cinnamon and thyme. The strongest and most longlasting antimicrobial activity was observed for leathers preserved with oregano oil. Insufficient effect was found for leathers oiled with manuka and eucalyptus oils. Note de contenu : - MATERIAL : Leather - Essential oils - METHODS : Preparing leather for testing - Microbiological examination En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1xNdsrdg9HNPYLjDvI0PNLgaYi_VZhvZ5/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=26441 [article]

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Do leather anisotropic properties have an effect on shrinkage temperature ? / Ewa Marcinkowska in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CXIII, N° 5 (05/2018)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. CXIII, N° 5 (05/2018) . - p. 163-171 Titre : Do leather anisotropic properties have an effect on shrinkage temperature ? Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Ewa Marcinkowska, Auteur ; Gabriela Zielinska, Auteur Année de publication : 2018 Article en page(s) : p. 163-171 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Anisotropie Chrome Cuirs et peaux -- Analyse Cuirs et peaux -- Propriétés mécaniques Essais dynamiques Glutaraldéhyde Statistique Tannage Température de retrait Traction (mécanique) Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : Herein are the results of studies of mechanical properties and shrinkage temperature of cowhide leather tanned with modified glutaraldehyde and chrome. The tests were carried out on samples cut from both kinds of leather parallel and perpendicular to the backbone. The aim of these studies was determining whether the sample orientation to the backbone, thus leather anisotropic properties defined by its tensile strength and ultimate extension, has an effect on shrinkage temperature and kinetics of this process. Mechanical properties were tested according to PN-EN ISO 3376:2012 Leather – Physical and mechanical tests – Determination of tensile strength and percentage extension. The conditions for shrinkage temperature measurements were set according to guidelines specified in PN-EN ISO 3380:2015-11 Leather – Physical and mechanical tests – Determination of shrinkage temperature up to 100°C. The experiment was carried out by using an instrument of our own design enabling automatic recording of leather specimen length changes during measurement. The results of mechanical tests allowed the determination of the degree of differentiation of obtained tensile strength and ultimate extension values depending on test sample orientation to the backbone. For leather tanned with modified glutaraldehyde the coefficient of variation with respect to tensile strength in both directions was 0.31, while for chrome tanned leather was 0.44. The coefficient of variation for ultimate extension calculated for both directions was 0.55 and 0.42 for glutaraldehyde and chrome tanned leathers, respectively. The slope of obtained regression lines was compared to find any statistically significant differences in leather shrinkage rate depending on orientation to the backbone. The results of analyses performed for two differently tanned leathers show no statistically significant differences in shrinkage rate depending on cut orientation. Thus, anisotropy of mechanical properties of leather samples under investigation does not affect both shrinkage temperature and the rate of this process. Note de contenu : - MATERIAL - METHODS : Mechanical properties test method - Method to measure and analyze leather shrinkage temperature - Methods of statistical analysis - TABLES : 1. Tensile strength and ultimate extension for themodified glutaraldehyde-tanned leather - 2. Tensile strength and percentage extension for the chrome-tanned leather - 3, 4, 5, 6 - Summary results of fitting a model y=A*+B at α = 0.05 En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1CtzGHhwPpBlMy9Wp8yw3WGOKxayuLAE5/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=30534 [article]

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Estimation of the thermal conductivity of leather / Ewa Marcinkowska in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. XCIX, N° 6 (06/2004)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. XCIX, N° 6 (06/2004) . - p. 242-250 Titre : Estimation of the thermal conductivity of leather Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Ewa Marcinkowska, Auteur Année de publication : 2004 Article en page(s) : p. 242-250 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : A schematic diagram of an instrument based on the Fitch apparatus for evaluating the thermal conductivity of leather and other insulating materials such as rubber, textiles and cork used in footwear, is presented. A method for measuring the thermal conductivity under nonstationary conditions on that apparatus has been established. A nonlinear equation based on the differential heat balance is proposed for computing the thermal resistance. The balance includes the receiver heat losses. A method for instrument calibration and measuring uncertainty computation is also presented. The instrument prototype was used in preliminary tests. The statistical analysis of the results has indicated a good accuracy (trueness and precision) of the method. En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1eq0QsNlwMABJ94XwP1_KGsVxGXlasEDo/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=4197 [article]

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Sensory and instrumental research of leather softness / Ewa Marcinkowska in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 104, N° 2 (03-04/2020)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC) > Vol. 104, N° 2 (03-04/2020) . - p. 105-109 Titre : Sensory and instrumental research of leather softness Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Ewa Marcinkowska, Auteur ; Gabriela Zielinska, Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : p. 105-109 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Analyse sensorielle Cuir Douceur (toucher) Mesure -- Instruments Statistique Surfaces -- Analyse Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : A statistical analysis of the results of leather softness testing has indicated that there is a correlation between sensory evaluation scores and results of objective instrumental measurement. The tests were carried out by using 7 leather specimens, of which one was aldehyde-based syntan treated, while others were chrome tanned, and all the leathers were grain finished. Sensory evaluation of leather softness was performed by using the ranking method and the multiple ordering method with the participation of 70 panelists (judges). Based on calculated value of Kendall's W a moderate agreement among rates was found. Instrumental softness measurements on the same specimens were carried out according to a standardised leather softness assessment method with a softness tester. The value of the Spearman's rank correlation coefficient equal to 0.893 indicates a strong positive correlation between the results of the score assessment and instrumental measurements. A slightly weaker correlation, but still considered strong, equal to 0.821 was found between the results of the multiple ordering method and instrumental measurements. Note de contenu : - Sensory evaluation of leather softness - Instrumental measurements of leather softness - Table 1 : Test material characteristics - Table 2 : Sensory evaluatio of leather softness by using the ranking method - Table 3 : Sensory evaluation lf leather softness by using the multiple ordering method - Table 4 : Results of statistical analysis of concordance between indications of sensory leather softness evaluation - Table 5 : Results of leather softness measurements by using the instrumental method (PN-EN ISO 17235:2015) En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/124DRtsSBcw0KXb2uVA7aPEIlmDYSgVk1/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=33916 [article]

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The bioindicator method for assessing safety in use of leathers, Part I : calorimetric measurements of bioindicator response to extracts from leathers / Gabriela Zielinska in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 100, N° 5 (09-10/2016)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC) > Vol. 100, N° 5 (09-10/2016) . - p. 246-251 Titre : The bioindicator method for assessing safety in use of leathers, Part I : calorimetric measurements of bioindicator response to extracts from leathers Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Gabriela Zielinska, Auteur ; Ewa Marcinkowska, Auteur Année de publication : 2016 Article en page(s) : p. 246-251 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Animaux -- Effets de la pollution de l'eau Bactéries Calorimétrie Cuirs et peaux -- Aspect de l'environnement Indicateurs biologiques Pollution -- Lutte contre Pollution -- Mesure Tannage Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : A method for assessing safety in use of leathers by using a living organism — bioindicator fs proposed. lt has been assumed that extracts obtained from Ieathers containing harmful chemical substances cause disturbances in vital functions of the bioindicator that transforrns into changes in heat emission from cens. An affect of extracts on the bioindicator was observed by using an isothermal calorimeter. The activity of Tetrahymena pyriformis was illustrated with heat power curves. It has been found that power curves were specific to Individuel extracts used and different from the curves determined from investigation of bioindicator activity in water. An analysis of heat power value clusters was made and allowed similar bioindicator's responses to water and individuel extracts to be indicated. An indicator enabling leathers with a possible adverse affect on living organisms to be eliminated. This indicator is defined as the ratio of the total heat emitted by the tested system to the control system expressed as percentage. Note de contenu : - LEATHER/WATER EXTRACTION METHOD : Calorimetric studies with bioindicator - Bioindicator - Calorimetric method En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1xGURpIFAD6XlstWCrU6NsR8vLDO-8nGi/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=27089 [article]

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The bioindicator method for assessing safety in use of leathers, Part II : The study of the response of tetrahymena to leather extracts by using a microscope and the Clark electrode / Gabriela Zielinska in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 100, N° 6 (11-12/2016)  

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The durability of antimicrobial effect of leathers finished with oregano oil / Elzbieta Bielak in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CXII, N° 11 (11/2017)  

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Water vapor permeability measurement with the hy-tester physical simulator / Ewa Marcinkowska in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. XCVI, N° 3 (03/2001)  

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