[article]
| Titre : |
Electron beam processing of rubbers and their composites |
| Type de document : |
texte imprimé |
| Auteurs : |
A. M. Shanmugharaj, Auteur ; V. Vijayabaskar, Auteur ; Anil K. Bhowmick, Auteur |
| Année de publication : |
2022 |
| Article en page(s) : |
p. 471-504 |
| Note générale : |
Bibliogr. |
| Langues : |
Anglais (eng) |
| Catégories : |
Charges (matériaux)
Composites
Elastomères
Faisceaux électroniques
Formulation (Génie chimique)
Matières plastiques dans les trains
Réticulation (polymérisation)
SiliceLa silice est la forme naturelle du dioxyde de silicium (SiO2) qui entre dans la composition de nombreux minéraux.
La silice existe à l'état libre sous différentes formes cristallines ou amorphes et à l'état combiné dans les silicates, les groupes SiO2 étant alors liés à d'autres atomes (Al : Aluminium, Fe : Fer, Mg : Magnésium, Ca : Calcium, Na : Sodium, K : Potassium...).
Les silicates sont les constituants principaux du manteau et de l'écorce terrestre. La silice libre est également très abondante dans la nature, sous forme de quartz, de calcédoine et de terre de diatomée. La silice représente 60,6 % de la masse de la croûte terrestre continentale.
|
| Index. décimale : |
668.4 Plastiques, vinyles |
| Résumé : |
Electron beam (EB) processing of pristine and filled polymeric materials is considered as one of the most viable techniques in the development of three-dimensional (3D) network structures of polymeric or composite systems with improved physical and chemical properties. The grafting, or the crosslinking process induced by the merging of the macro free radicals generated during the electron beam modification without the aid of any chemical agent or heat, is responsible for the formation of the 3D networks in polymeric systems. Owing to its distinct advantages such as fast, clean and precise, electron beam (EB) radiation technology takes up a vital role in the crosslinking of polymeric compounds. However, during the course of electron beam treatment of polymers, two processes viz., crosslinking and chain scission take place simultaneously, depending on the level of radiation dose used for the processing. The present paper reviews the role of irradiation dose in the presence and absence of radiation sensitizer on the crosslinking and structure formation in a wide variety of soft matrices such as elastomers, latexes, thermoplastic elastomers and their respective filled systems. Notable improvements in mechanical and dynamic mechanical properties, thermal stability, processing characteristics, etc., of the EB processed elastomers and their composites are discussed elaborately in the paper. Specially, the property improvements observed in the EB processed pristine and filled rubbers in comparison to the conventional crosslinking technology are critically reviewed. The level of radiation dose inducing crosslinking in both pristine and filled rubbers, determined by calculating crosslink to scission ratio on the basis of Charlesby–Pinner equation is also discussed in the paper. Finally, the application aspects of electron beam curing technology with special emphasis to cable and sealing industries as developed by one of the authors are highlighted in the paper. |
| Note de contenu : |
- Radiation sources and characteristics : Types of radiation sources - Fundamentals of electron beam (EB) radiation - Advantages of electron beam (EB) radiation - Parameters/units used in EB radiation induced treatment of materials - Electron beam equipment
- Electron beam modification of rubber : EPDM rubber - Fluorocarbon elastomers - Nitrile rubber - Mixed crosslinking of nitrile rubber with reference to EB radiation - Effects of EB radiation of nitrile rubber at higher temperature
- Electron beam modification of latex
- Electron beam modification of plastics and thermoplastic elastomers
- Electron beam modification of fillers : Electron beam modification of carbon–silica dual phase fillers - Electron beam treatment of silica fillers - Electron beam modification of clay fillers - Electron beam treatment of carbon nanofillers
- Electron beam treatment of filled rubbers and nanocomposites
- Electron beam modification of polymer surfaces
- Electron beam processing of foams
- Applications : Preparation and properties of rubber cable compounds - Preparation and properties of rubber seals - Precuring of tire - Other applications
- Table 1 : Frequency wavelength and Energy of various radiation sources
- Table 2 : Comparison of electron beam and gamma rays.
- Table 3 : Mechanical properties and crosslink densities of compound M1.5/0.5/0–300/0 and M0.5/1.5/0–300/0 irradiated at different doses* (reproduced from Vijayabaskar et al. (2004) with the kind permission of ACS Rubber Division)
- Table 4 : Comparison of Nitrile rubber with different polyfunctional monomers irradiated with different doses at R.T. and 150 °C
- Table 5 : Different types of NR gels and their influence on the properties of NR matrix
- Table 6 : Formulation of an EPDM based cable compound
- Table 7 : Properties of the EPDM cable compound
- Table 8 : Cable composition for diesel locomotives.
- Table 9 : Properties of the cable compound for diesel locomotive
- Table 10 : Comparative report of EB versus chemically crosslinked elastomeric cables
- Table 11 : Comparison of properties of conventional and radiation curable sealing compounds based on NBR |
| DOI : |
https://doi.org/10.1515/ipp-2021-4211 |
| En ligne : |
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1psy85_ODMfXnMoy5SuvG-DUnoDkvMkan/view?usp=share [...] |
| Format de la ressource électronique : |
Pdf |
| Permalink : |
https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=38325 |
in INTERNATIONAL POLYMER PROCESSING > Vol. 37, N° 5 (2022) . - p. 471-504
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Electron beam processing of rubbers and their composites in INTERNATIONAL POLYMER PROCESSING, Vol. 37, N° 5 (2022)
