Carbon footprint and energy balance of biodiesel produced from tannery fleshings / Eylem Kiliç in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CIX, N° 9 (09/2014)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. CIX, N° 9 (09/2014) . - p. 296-305 Titre : Carbon footprint and energy balance of biodiesel produced from tannery fleshings Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Eylem Kiliç, Auteur ; Rita Puig, Auteur ; Grau Baquero, Auteur ; Gökhan Zengin, Auteur Année de publication : 2014 Article en page(s) : p. 296-305 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Bilan des émissions de gaz à effets de serre Bilan énergétique Biocarburants -- Aspect de l'environnement Carburants diésel Cuirs et peaux -- Déchets -- Recyclage Déchets organiques -- Recyclage Durée de vie (Ingénierie) Tannage -- Déchets Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : This paper analyzes, from a life cycle perspective, the environmental performance of biodiesel obtained from leather industry fleshing waste (BDF). The indicators used for this environmental evaluation are: global warming potential (GWP) and energy return on investment (EROI). The contribution of each process-step in both GWP and EROI was determined. Transesterification of fat to obtain the BDF has been proved to be the most significant step in the process, mainly due to the consumption of methanol. A comparison between BDF and petroleum diesel obtained from non-renewable oil has also been performed using the same indicators. The results show a clear preference for BDF, although data from industrial real plants has to be considered in further works for BDF process to provide more accurate results. Note de contenu : - AIM OF THE STUDY - METHODOLOGY - INVENTORY DATA AND MODELING : Modeling description of BDF process - BDF process inventory data - Fat-drying - Transesterification - BDF washing and drying - RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : Evaluation of GWP and EROI indexes for BDF process - Environmental comparison between BDF and petroleum diesel - Feasibility discussion En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1ZWs1C9_dLYIcEhfSIFq3eGbLkFWTuNdj/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=21867 [article]

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Carbon footprint and toxicity indicators of alternative chromium-free tanning in China / Xiaoying Xu in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CX, N° 5 (05/2015)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. CX, N° 5 (05/2015) . - p. 130-137 Titre : Carbon footprint and toxicity indicators of alternative chromium-free tanning in China Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Xiaoying Xu, Auteur ; Grau Baquero, Auteur ; Rita Puig, Auteur ; Jiabo Shi, Auteur ; Sang Jun, Auteur ; Wei Lin, Auteur Année de publication : 2015 Article en page(s) : p. 130-137 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Bilan des émissions de gaz à effets de serre Durée de vie (Ingénierie) Énergie -- Consommation Environnement -- Etudes d'impact Tannage -- Aspect de l'environnement Toxicologie Index. décimale : 675.2 Préparation du cuir naturel. Tannage Résumé : This paper analyzes, from a life cycle perspective, the environmental performance of a newly developed chromium-free tanning process compared to the conventional one, in China. Both processes were evaluated by using carbon footprint, energy consumption and toxicity indicators. Chromium-free tanning process has been found to significantly reduce the considered impact categories compared to conventional tanning. The impact contribution of each process step was calculated, with the tanning step being the major contributor. Results show that the production of chemicals used in the tanning process, have a significant effect on the impacts evaluated. Some of these chemicals have been substituted with similar ones (used as proxies) when no manufacturing-data was available in the databases. Thus, it is important for future and more precise LCA studies to develop databases on the specific chemicals used. This study is a first estimation of the impacts and will help on the decision of expending time and efforts on developing and optimizing the new technology. The results show that it is interesting to use this LCA methodology to environmentally evaluate new research processes and products, before industrial scaling and implementing them, to optimize research time and efforts towards the most environmentally promising products and processes. Note de contenu : - AIM OF THE STUDY - METHODOLOGY - INVENTORY DATA AND MODELING : Functional unit and system boundaries - Conventional tanning process model and inventory data - Chromium free tanning process model and inventory data - Chinese electrical power grid mix and thermal energy mix - Wastewater treatment - RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : Evaluation of the GWP index - Evaluation of the energy consumption - Evaluation of the toxicological impacts to humans and freshwater - Comparative evaluation of tanning steps En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/10vyeauNiwsjpJ9kr5HmOz6pgSDeKiJ7c/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=24053 [article]

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Comparison of the sustainability of the vegetable, wet-white and chromium tanning processes through the life cycle analysis / Anna Bacardit in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CXV, N° 3 (03/2020)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. CXV, N° 3 (03/2020) . - p. 105-111 Titre : Comparison of the sustainability of the vegetable, wet-white and chromium tanning processes through the life cycle analysis Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Anna Bacardit, Auteur ; Felipe Combalia, Auteur ; Joaquim Font, Auteur ; Grau Baquero, Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : p. 105-111 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Bilan énergétique Durée de vie (Ingénierie) Environnement -- Etudes d'impact Etudes comparatives Glutaraldéhyde Tannage au chrome Tannage végétal Wet-blue (tannage) Peau tannée au chrome (le chrome donne une couleur bleue) Wet-white (tannage) Index. décimale : 675.2 Préparation du cuir naturel. Tannage Résumé : Public concerns about the quality of life of human beings as well as the quality of natural environments and ecosystems have led to the increasing importance of sustainability for governments and for all industries, including the leather industry. In this context, more "ecological" leather goods are being demanded. It should be noted that this concept is often used without a scientific study to support it. This concept of sustainable or ecological product in the field of leather goods, are mainly associated with chrome-free tanneries (that is vegetable and wet-white), but this association should be backed up or dismissed by scientific evidence. A complete scientific study is required, which takes into account the different stages of leather production, including also the treatment of water and by-products, analyzing in a scientific and systematic way the environmental impact of each of these tanning processes. This study focuses on the life cycle analysis of the three basic tanning processes: chrome, vegetable and wet-white leather production. It will focus on European manufacturing to have reliable data and reduce uncertainty. In the tanning stage, the process with the greatest impact is the vegetable one, to highlight its high impact on global warming at 100 years (GWP100). This result is due to the energy necessary for the production of mimosa and quebracho in addition to the energy for the processing of the leather in the drums. Wet white tanning with glutaraldehyde has lowest environmental results than vegetable tanning. The chrome tanning process (wet blue) also stands out for its reduced environmental impact. Subsequently, to have a global view of the entire production, the LCA of the post-tanning stages must be performed to evaluate the impact of each of the systems studied. Note de contenu : - Experimental - Scope and limits of the system - Experimental - Inventory - Experimental - Characteristics of the wastewater of the different processes - Table I : Inputs and outputs for the chrome tanning process (wet blue) - Table II : Inputs and outputs fot the wet-white tanning process using glutaraldehyde - Table III : Inputs and outputs for the wet-white tanning process using glutaraldehyde and tara - Table IV : Inputs and outputs for the vegetable tanning process - Table V : Comparison of the pollutant load in the tanning stage in the processes considedred - Table VI : Impact categories considered (CML baseline, v4, 4 january 2015 - Fig. 1 : Comparative environmental results of the life cycle analysis of the wet blue, wet white and vegetable tanning processes - Fig. 2 : Comparative energy results of the life cycle analysis of the wet blue, wet white and vegetable tanning processes DOI : https://doi.org/10.34314/jalca.v115i03.1628 En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1i2Jo-InHc_K9d3kWGYpAzddSlM1ZdC7F/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=33888 [article]

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Environmental assessment of dehydration processes for bovine leather / Grau Baquero in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CXII, N° 3 (03/2017)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. CXII, N° 3 (03/2017) . - p. 102-108 Titre : Environmental assessment of dehydration processes for bovine leather Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Grau Baquero, Auteur ; Silvia Sorolla, Auteur ; Lluis Ollé, Auteur ; Anna Bacardit, Auteur Année de publication : 2017 Article en page(s) : p. 102-108 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Acétone L'acétone en chimie, (nom officiel IUPAC propanone, aussi connue sous les noms de diméthylcétone, 2-propanone, propan-2-one et béta-cétopropane), de formule chimique CH3COCH3 est le composé le plus simple de la famille des cétones. C'est un isomère du propanal.L’acétone est un liquide transparent, inflammable, d'odeur caractéristique (plutôt fruitée). Sa température de fusion est de -95,4 °C et celle d'ébullition de 56,53 °C. Elle a une densité relative de 0,819 (à 0 °C). C'est un composé très soluble dans l'eau (c'est une molécule polaire à chaîne carbonée courte), dans l'éthanol et dans l'éther. L'acétone est le dérivé le plus simple de la série des cétones aliphatiques et la présence de la double liaison carbone-oxygène lui confère l'essentiel de sa réactivité. Déshydratation Durée de vie (Ingénierie) Economies d'énergie Environnement -- Etudes d'impact Post-tannage Produits chimiques -- Consommation -- Réduction Tannage Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : The purpose of this work is to compare the environmental impact of two systems for processing bovine leather: (i) a new continuous system that consists in dehydration and tanning and post-tanning by immersion versus (ii) the traditional system using drums. In order to better assess the environmental impact of this new tanning system, the life cycle assessment methodology has been chosen to perform calculations on various impact categories, including the global warming potential (CO2 equivalent emissions), and the energy consumption for both the traditional and the new tanning processes. When assessing the environmental impact of the new system, it is clear that a reduction in the use of acetone during the process will positively affect the environmental outcomes. In this regard, results show reductions on the impacts in eight out of the eleven impact categories analyzed as well as reductions on energy consumption. However, the acetone loss considered (5%) led to higher impacts compared to the traditional system in three specific impact categories, which can be improved by reducing the acetone emission to 2.5%. Note de contenu : - MATERIALS : Goal and scope - Material - Dehydration process - Tanning and post-tanning by immersion of dehydrated hides - Life cycle assessment methology - RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : Life cycle inventory analysis - Life cycle impact assessment - Interpretation and improvements En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1l1hwcehos4mhJXpyftIYdSAFbmXLGqLJ/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=27982 [article]

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