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JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC) / Union internationale des sociétés de techniciens et chimistes des industries du cuir . Vol. 86, N° 1Mention de date : 01-02/2002Paru le : 15/01/2002 |
Dépouillements
Ajouter le résultat dans votre panierAutomatic on-line determination of trace chromium(VI) in chromium(III)-bearing samples by reverse adsorption process / Minghua Liu in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 86, N° 1 (01-02/2002)
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Titre : Automatic on-line determination of trace chromium(VI) in chromium(III)-bearing samples by reverse adsorption process Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Minghua Liu, Auteur ; Xinsheng Zhang, Auteur Année de publication : 2002 Article en page(s) : p. 1-5 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Absorbants et adsorbants
Adsorption
Analyse par injection en flux continuL’analyse par injection en flux continu (Flow Injection Analysis FIA) consiste, dans son principe le plus simple, en l’injection d’un petit volume (µL) d’une solution échantillon dans un fluide en mouvement ; ce liquide transporteur, qui se déplace de façon continue, n’est pas segmenté, et la zone formée par l’injection répétée de l’échantillon est ainsi transportée vers un détecteur afin d’enregistrer les variations d’un paramètre physique ou physico-chimique caractéristique de l’échantillon ou, le plus souvent, de l’un de ses éléments constitutifs.
Analyse quantitative (chimie)
Chrome hexavalent
Chrome trivalentIndex. décimale : 675.2 Préparation du cuir naturel. Tannage Résumé : Increasingly stringent environmental standards makes it necessary to determine chromium(VI) ion in chromium(III)-bearing samples. However, high concentrations of Cr3+ ion significantly interferes with the determination of trace amounts of Cr(VI). A simple flow-injection manifold, which has dual functions of adsorption and determination, was therefore developed to remove Cr(III) interference and to determine trace Cr(VI) automatically.
Reverse adsorption tests were conducted by applying an adsorption column in the flow injection manifold for on-line removal of Cr3+ ion prior to determination. A new spherical cellulose adsorbent, SCAM-1, was used as the adsorption column filling.
Tests of precision, recovery and linear range were also conducted to evaluate the above method. The results show that the variation coefficients are less than 4.0 % with recoveries ranging from 95.2 % to 104.8 %.
Three calibration curves were obtained over the concentration range of 0.052 to 52.0 mg/L. The detection limit of the method developed for Cr(VI) ion is 0.009±0.0003 mg/L. Moreover, tolerable concentrations of co-existing Cr(III) can reach 312.0 g/L. Consequently, the manifold and the proposed method are ready for automatic on-line determination of trace Cr(VI) when present in large amounts of Cr(III).Note de contenu : - EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE : Reageants - Instruments and apparatus - Flow injection manifold
- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : Effect of the DPC reagent - Flow injection variables - Linear tests - Precision tests - Recovery tests - Detection limit - Comparison tests - Determination of Cr(VI) in chromium(III)-bearing samples
- Table 1 : Properties of SCAM-1
- Table 2 : Operating conditions
- Table 3 : Results of the statistical treatment performed on the pairs of data obtained by FIA
- Table 4 : Results of precision tests
- Table 5 : Recovery study of Cr(VI ) added to various samples
- Table 6 : Analytical results of chromium(III )-bearing samplesEn ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1TzqR4wGhw-ph34Ytgz9xgSuM71VmJ7AK/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=40189
in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC) > Vol. 86, N° 1 (01-02/2002) . - p. 1-5[article]The effect on bending stiffness of drying leather under strain / E. J. Sturrock in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 86, N° 1 (01-02/2002)
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Titre : The effect on bending stiffness of drying leather under strain Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : E. J. Sturrock, Auteur ; Geoffrey E. Attenburrow, Auteur ; C. Boote, Auteur ; K. M. Meek, Auteur Année de publication : 2002 Article en page(s) : p. 6-10 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Cuirs et peaux -- Analyse
Cuirs et peaux -- Propriétés mécaniques
Cuirs et peaux de bovins
Distribution et orientation des fibres
Fibrilles de collagèneLa fibrille de collagène est une structure constituée d'un assemblage de fibres de tropocollagène (assemblage de 3 protéines de collagène alpha (alpha 1 - alpha 1 - alpha 2) en une hélice droite.
Flexion (mécanique)
Rigidité (mécanique)
Tannage au chromeIndex. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : Chrome tanned bovine leather has been dried under uniaxial strain and its relative bending modulus has been determined as a function of the amount of strain applied during drying and of the angle h between the test piece and the applied strain axis (long axis of sample). The orientation distribution of collagen fibres in the leather was also examined using wide angle X-ray diffraction at the Synchrotron Radiation Source at Daresbury. It was found that the bending modulus showed a marked dependence on both the amounts of applied strain and the angle h. This dependence could be understood in terms of the changes in fibre orientation caused by the action of the strain applied during drying. En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1Rz2BmW5Ts6-SUSDAetjFzo2iEagvlsTB/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=40190
in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC) > Vol. 86, N° 1 (01-02/2002) . - p. 6-10[article]Enter the root zone-green technology for the leather manufacturer / R. Daniels in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 86, N° 1 (01-02/2002)
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Titre : Enter the root zone-green technology for the leather manufacturer Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : R. Daniels, Auteur Année de publication : 2002 Article en page(s) : p. 11-17 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Biotechnologie
Cuirs et peaux -- Industrie -- Aspect de l'environnement
Eau -- Epuration -- Traitement biologique
Eaux usées -- EpurationIndex. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : Root-zone technology offers the first serious alternative to the conventional biological treatment of tannery effluents. With capital and running costs a fraction of the activated sludge process, the simplicity and elegance of this technology has been demonstrated in both equatorial and temperate regions. With performance and area requirements in line with today’s intrusive technology, these robust green systems offers a realistic alternative to the "high cost/high tech" route. There are also other opportunities... The following paper is combination of presentations to IULTCS Congress India 1999, SLTC 2000, and IULTCS Congress South Africa 2001. Note de contenu : - ENHANCED ROOT-ZONE TECHNOLOGY : What are root-zone systems - Systems set up in various tanneries - General performance - Special properties - Optimising performance - Improved reed care - Extented time additions - Continuous effluent movement - Combining the factors for improved performance - Enhanced root-zone performance - Summer, winter and frost
- THE ROLE OF ENHANCED SYSTEMS : The alternative to activated sludge treatement
- OTHER APPLICATIONS FOR ROOT-ZONE SYSTEMS : Support for badly performing activated sludge treatment system - Polishing treatment - Volatiles-closing the loop - Dewatering high strength/low volume discharges - Applications in other industrial sectors
- PRACTICABILITIES AND COSTINGS
- BENEFITS TO THE LEATHER INDUSTRYEn ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1-ka_BIEKengdwdJjbI--klAdw_UaqXZh/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=40191
in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC) > Vol. 86, N° 1 (01-02/2002) . - p. 11-17[article]Systematic analysis of material fluxes at tanneries / C. Konrad in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 86, N° 1 (01-02/2002)
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Titre : Systematic analysis of material fluxes at tanneries Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : C. Konrad, Auteur ; K. E. Lorber, Auteur ; R. Mendez, Auteur ; J. Lopez, Auteur ; M. Muñoz, Auteur ; D. Hidalgo, Auteur ; C. Bornhardt, Auteur ; M. Torres, Auteur ; B. Rivelca, Auteur Année de publication : 2002 Article en page(s) : p. 18-25 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Analyse des flux de matières et d'énergie
Cuirs et peaux -- Déchets
Cuirs et peaux -- Industrie
Eau -- Consommation
Eaux usées
Tannage au chrome
Travail de rivière (cuir)Index. décimale : 675.2 Préparation du cuir naturel. Tannage Résumé : The process of transforming animal skin to leather is characterised by a large consumption of fresh water and the generation of a high quantity of solid waste. As a consequence of the high water consumption tanneries are responsible for a huge quantity of waste water containing chromium, suphide and/or organic matter. In developing countries where treatment of solid waste and waste water treatment is not state of the art, tanneries cause a serious negative environment impact. Systemising the material fluxes at a tannery in order to provide rules of thumb for estimating their impact and developing pollution prevention opportunities is difficult. Nonetheless such an attempt is made in this paper. The data deriving from input/output-analyses which were carried out at 5 different tanneries (3 Chilean, 1 Spanish and 1 Ecuadorian) were concentrated to generalised material streams of two idealised tanning processes.
Scenario 1 is a conventional chromium-tanning process with the splitting stage in the beamhouse and paddle technology in the beamhouse. To transform 1 ton of wet salted hides (all data in this paper are based on 1 t wsH) into 500 kg product (grain- and split-leather and wet-blue) 63 m3 of fresh water and 442 kg of chemicals are required. 58 m3 of effluent and 696 kg of solid waste are generated.
Scenario 2 describes a chromium-tanning process with splitting in the tanyard (wet-blue stage) and drum technology applied in the beamhouse. By these two changes the water consumption and solid waste generation could be reduced significantly. Per ton wet salted hides, 55 m3 fresh water and 442 kg chemicals are consumed. 50 m3 of waste water and 477 kg solid waste are generated.
At each tannery a high potential for reducing water consumption and solid waste generation was detected. However, the figures presented in this paper describe the prevailing situation at most tanneries. Implementation of the pollution prevention and recycling measures suggested by the INCO-DC "EILT" working groups will still take time and will depend on the impact of legal restrictions and an active interest in reducing environmental impact.Note de contenu : - Results and discussion : Generalised flow sheet of the tanning process
- Input/output data : Waste water generation - Solid waste generation - Generalised input/output data
- Table 1 : Acronyms of Universities and corresponding tanneriesEn ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1NGubxoC6qlI_pa7uRnxC14TIkwQtRqmf/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=40192
in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC) > Vol. 86, N° 1 (01-02/2002) . - p. 18-25[article]Chromium sulphate recovery in a triple-effect evaporator / G. A. Gasmelseed in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 86, N° 1 (01-02/2002)
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Titre : Chromium sulphate recovery in a triple-effect evaporator Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : G. A. Gasmelseed, Auteur Année de publication : 2002 Article en page(s) : p. 26-29 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Coût-Efficacité
Cuirs et peaux -- Analyse
Evaporation
Modèles mathématiques
Récupération (Déchets, etc.)
Sulfate de chrome
Tannage -- DéchetsIndex. décimale : 675.2 Préparation du cuir naturel. Tannage Résumé : Chromium sulphate is used extensively in Sudanese tanneries, however its exhaustion in processing is limited and a considerable quantity is passed as waste to the drain with consequent risk of pollution and environmental hazard. In this investigation spent chromium liquor was concentrated by evaporation in a triple-effect evaporator. The concentrated liquor was blended with fresh make-up chromium and re-used in tannage. The advantage of this process, in addition to its economical and environmental benefits is the continuous recovery with closed-loop recycling without loss of chromium to the drain. A complete control system is recommended. Note de contenu : - Method of operation
- Mathematical model
- Experimental work : Tannage 1-pickled pelts - Tannage 2-delimed pelts
- Table 1 : Evaporator stage parameters
- Table 2 : Properties of recycled chrome liquor before evaporation
- Table 3 : Properties of recycled chrome liquor after evaporation (third stage)
- Table 4 : Leather analysis, Recipe No. 1
- Table 5 : Leather analysis, Recipe No. 2
- Table 6 : Cost estimation per yearEn ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1HJI6fDJYQEO-H5mpnngAVigGRrxR_L_9/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=40193
in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC) > Vol. 86, N° 1 (01-02/2002) . - p. 26-29[article]Oxidising unhairing process with hair recovery / Agusti Marsal in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 86, N° 1 (01-02/2002)
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Titre : Oxidising unhairing process with hair recovery Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Agusti Marsal, Auteur ; Jaime Cot, Auteur ; Esther Bartoli, Auteur ; Teresa Bosch, Auteur ; Albert M. Manich, Auteur Année de publication : 2002 Article en page(s) : p. 30-33 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Epilage oxydatif
Evaluation
Formulation (Génie chimique)
Peroxyde d'hydrogèneLe peroxyde d'hydrogène (H2O2), communément appelé eau oxygénée ou encore perhydrol (appellation industrielle), est un composé chimique liquide et visqueux, aux puissantes propriétés oxydantes (il est aussi réducteur). C'est donc un agent blanchissant efficace qui sert de désinfectant et (à haute concentration) d'oxydant ou monergol dans les fusées spatiales.
Poils -- Recyclage
Pollution -- Mesure
Récupération (Déchets, etc.)Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Note de contenu : - State of the art : Unhairing process with hydrogen peroxide in an alkaline medium (without hair recovery)
- Aim of the work
- Experimental : Influence of the sodium hydroxide offer - Influence of the hydrogen peroxide offer - Influence of the unhairing process time - Influence of the immunisation process - Influence of the addition of enzymes - Evaluation of the pollution load produced
- Table 1 : Oxidising unhairing process with hair recovery. Starting formulation (offers on fleshed weight)
- Table 2 : Influence of the sodium hydroxide offer
- Table 3 : Influence of the hydrogen peroxide offer for NaOH offer of 2%
- Table 4 : Influence of the hydrogen peroxide offer for NaOH offer of 4%
- Table 5 : Influence of the unhairing process time
- Table 6 : Influence of the immunisation processEn ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1JHvyg6hvVF9Pr3SPRjaDGZnVzKbAqH1E/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=40194
in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC) > Vol. 86, N° 1 (01-02/2002) . - p. 30-33[article]Determination of the effect of treatment against sarcoptic mange on goatskin, body weight gain and mortality / K. Bayou in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 86, N° 1 (01-02/2002)
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Titre : Determination of the effect of treatment against sarcoptic mange on goatskin, body weight gain and mortality Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : K. Bayou, Auteur Année de publication : 2002 Article en page(s) : p. 34-36 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Anti-acariens
Chèvres
GaleLa gale ou scabiose (respectivement de galla "galle" et de scabies "gale") est une maladie infectieuse de la peau causée par un parasite de type acarien microscopique, le sarcopte (Sarcoptes scabiei). Selon le sous-type de ce parasite, on distingue la gale humaine, de gales spécifiques à d'autres mammifères. Il s'agit d'une affection contagieuse bénigne (sans gravité). Le principal symptôme chez l'humain est la démangeaison. Le profil lésionnel est celui d'une dermatite périvasculaire. Le diagnostic peut selon les cas être établi à l'examen clinique ou nécessiter un prélèvement. Le traitement fait appel à des médicaments utilisés par voie orale ou cutanée. Souvent sont associés le traitement de l'entourage et la décontamination de l'environnement.
- EPIDEMIOLOGIE : La gale est une maladie ubiquitaire ; l'incidence (nombre de nouveaux cas) dans le monde serait de 300 millions par an1. Dans les pays tropicaux et les pays en développement, elle peut être endémique, tandis que dans les pays développés, elle survient par épidémies en collectivité1. L'incidence est plus élevée dans le jeune âge, et il ne semble pas exister de différence entre les sexes. La maladie semble être plus fréquente durant l'automne et l'hiver.
- AGENT CAUSAL : Le parasite responsable de la maladie, le sarcopte (Sarcoptes scabiei), est une espèce appartenant au taxon des acariens mesurant 200 à 350 μm de longueur. Il en existe plusieurs sous-espèces ou variétés (var.), spécifiques de plusieurs animaux, par exemple : hominis pour l'Homme, canis pour le chien, ovis pour le mouton, equi pour le cheval, cati pour le chat, cameli pour le chameau...
Sarcoptes scabiei var. hominis est un parasite obligatoire de l'espèce humaine. Il ne vit pas plus que quelques jours dans l'environnement et ne survit pas au-delà de 50 °C6. Sa survie est meilleure dans un environnement humide. (Wikipedia)
Insecticides
Peau -- Maladies chez les animauxIndex. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : Forty-eight local breed goats were bought from the village markets in and around Sebeta. These were divided into three groups of 16. Two of these groups, Group I and II, were infected artificially by using infected skin scraping taken from naturally infected goats and pasting it to the wither of the experimental goats using gauze and masking tape. Group III was kept as uninfected control. Six weeks later the goats in Group I and III were treated with 60% Diazinon while Group II was kept untreated. About three months later, two of the treated and all of the untreated goats died of the disease. Those that died showed loss of body weight and poor skin quality while most of the treated goats had increased body weight gain and better skin quality. Note de contenu : - Table 1 : Goats treated against sarcoptic mange mite
- Table 2 : Average body weight loss or gain of the trial goats
- Table 3 : Average skin grades of the goatsEn ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1iqeeHy-kGcBA9Ye39rP6oV2HNQIXZOqj/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=40195
in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC) > Vol. 86, N° 1 (01-02/2002) . - p. 34-36[article]