Enter the root-zone : green technology for the leather manufacturer / Richard Daniels in WORLD LEATHER, Vol. 14, N° 4 (06-07/2001)  

[article]  inWORLD LEATHER > Vol. 14, N° 4 (06-07/2001) . - p. 63-67 Titre : Enter the root-zone : green technology for the leather manufacturer Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Richard Daniels, Auteur Année de publication : 2001 Article en page(s) : p. 63-67 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Cuirs et peaux -- Industrie -- Aspect de l'environnement Eau -- Epuration -- Traitement biologique Eaux usées -- Décontamination Eaux usées -- Epuration Phytoépuration La phytoépuration est au sens large l'épuration par les plantes. Celles-ci peuvent contribuer à épurer ou dépolluer les trois grands milieux que sont l'air, les sols et l'eau. Il s'agit d'un système de traitement des eaux utilisant des plantes (généralement plantes macrophytes), des substrats et des microorganismes au sein d'une zone humide artificielle (ou "constructed wetlands" pour les anglophones). Les systèmes de phytoépuration peuvent être composés d'un ou plusieurs filtres plantés. Index. décimale : 675.2 Préparation du cuir naturel. Tannage Résumé : Enhanced Root-zone systems offer the first serious alternative to the conventional biological of tannery effluents. With capital and running costs a fraction of the demanding activated sludge process, the simplicity and elegance of this technology has been demonstrated in both equatorial and temperate regions. With performance and area needs in line with yesterday's intrusive technology, these robust green systems offer a real alternative. There are also other industrial opportunities. Note de contenu : - Enhanced root-zones: the technology - Section 1 : What are root-zone systems - Section 2 : Systems set up in various tanneries - Section 3 : General root-zone performance - Section 4 : Special properties - Section 5 : Optimising performance - Fig. 1 : Root-zone schematic - Fig. 2 : Multi-stage systems. Reed beds are better managed with several beds operating in series. This multi-stage polishing plant for domestic effluent uses gravity flow - Fig. 3 : Complex root structure. The root structure of reeds is heavily interlinked. They provide a robust structure capable of surviving in very hostile conditions. - Fig. 4 : Workshop studies. The viability of different reed species was assessed using chemicals typically used in manufacture. Tannery effluents were then investigated using the preferred reed species and configuration. - Fig. 5 : Complex molecules. Root- zones hosts microbial colonies capable of breaking a vast range of complex molecules. Treatment provides a 90% reduction in strength of a polyphenol (mimosa solution) from a strength of COD 3,000 mg/l - Fig. 6 : High salinity resistance. Typical selection from 300 plants subjected to increasing levels of salinity as mg/l. Reeds are healthy at far higher salinity values than typical of tannery effluents. These findings were subsequently supported by the growth of reeds in tannery effluent where the salinity is unusually high 10,000 mg/l En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1KYJAmOi1O_VWO3qM3i7km7InzCt7wonA/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=32160 [article]

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Enter the root zone-green technology for the leather manufacturer / R. Daniels in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 86, N° 1 (01-02/2002)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC) > Vol. 86, N° 1 (01-02/2002) . - p. 11-17 Titre : Enter the root zone-green technology for the leather manufacturer Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : R. Daniels, Auteur Année de publication : 2002 Article en page(s) : p. 11-17 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Biotechnologie Cuirs et peaux -- Industrie -- Aspect de l'environnement Eau -- Epuration -- Traitement biologique Eaux usées -- Epuration Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : Root-zone technology offers the first serious alternative to the conventional biological treatment of tannery effluents. With capital and running costs a fraction of the activated sludge process, the simplicity and elegance of this technology has been demonstrated in both equatorial and temperate regions. With performance and area requirements in line with today’s intrusive technology, these robust green systems offers a realistic alternative to the "high cost/high tech" route. There are also other opportunities... The following paper is combination of presentations to IULTCS Congress India 1999, SLTC 2000, and IULTCS Congress South Africa 2001. Note de contenu : - ENHANCED ROOT-ZONE TECHNOLOGY : What are root-zone systems - Systems set up in various tanneries - General performance - Special properties - Optimising performance - Improved reed care - Extented time additions - Continuous effluent movement - Combining the factors for improved performance - Enhanced root-zone performance - Summer, winter and frost - THE ROLE OF ENHANCED SYSTEMS : The alternative to activated sludge treatement - OTHER APPLICATIONS FOR ROOT-ZONE SYSTEMS : Support for badly performing activated sludge treatment system - Polishing treatment - Volatiles-closing the loop - Dewatering high strength/low volume discharges - Applications in other industrial sectors - PRACTICABILITIES AND COSTINGS - BENEFITS TO THE LEATHER INDUSTRY En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1-ka_BIEKengdwdJjbI--klAdw_UaqXZh/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=40191 [article]

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Enter the root-zone : green technology for the leather manufacturer - Part 2 / Richard Daniels in WORLD LEATHER, Vol. 14, N° 5 (08-09/2001)  

[article]  inWORLD LEATHER > Vol. 14, N° 5 (08-09/2001) . - p. 52-54 Titre : Enter the root-zone : green technology for the leather manufacturer - Part 2 : Part 2 Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Richard Daniels, Auteur Année de publication : 2001 Article en page(s) : p. 52-54 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Cuirs et peaux -- Industrie -- Aspect de l'environnement Eau -- Epuration -- Traitement biologique Eaux usées -- Décontamination Eaux usées -- Stations de traitements Phytoépuration La phytoépuration est au sens large l'épuration par les plantes. Celles-ci peuvent contribuer à épurer ou dépolluer les trois grands milieux que sont l'air, les sols et l'eau. Il s'agit d'un système de traitement des eaux utilisant des plantes (généralement plantes macrophytes), des substrats et des microorganismes au sein d'une zone humide artificielle (ou "constructed wetlands" pour les anglophones). Les systèmes de phytoépuration peuvent être composés d'un ou plusieurs filtres plantés. Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : Root-zone systems utilise micro organisms hosted by the root structure of reeds to reduce the COD loading of supernatants following primary effluent treatment. In part 1 of this article (WL June/Jully 2001), these systems were described, detailling the performance and properties from pilot and large scale systems operating in the leather sector as an alternative to the activated sluge treatment process. However, the technology can be improved by a combinaison of good managemment and under-bed recirculation of effluent. Part 2 discusses the findings from systems where performance has been enhanced, and the potential of these systems as an alternative to the conventional biological treatment of tannery effluents. Note de contenu : - ENHANCED ROOT-ZONE PERFORMANCE : Performance as a function of retention time - The effects of maturity - Summmer/winter performance - The rate of cod removal in 1-day system - The effects of closedown - THE ROLE OF ENHANCED SYSTEMS - ALTERNATIVE TO ACTIVATED SLUDGE TREATMENT - Fig. 9 : 3-stage pilot plant. Basic root-zone pilot plant used for basic research and assessing a variety of configurations. This system is 30 months old and shows no signs of solids build-up despite continous heavy operation. - Fig. 10 : Intermediate scale plant. Part of a newly planted system being a precursor to a full scale 1-day root-zone installation - Fig. 11 : Seasonal performance and the effects of maturity. Enhanced root-zones operating with shorter retention times take longer to reach peak performance. When mature, they then match 5-day performance through summer-winter cycles - Fig. 12 : Voracious Technology. Neoline mature root-zones have very aggressive appetites. Almost all of the COD removed as shown in these four examples of 1-day performance is removed in the first 6 hours En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1Xn4cnvcSXZR1Pq_xOaG5YxoU8bGxM4fw/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=32163 [article]

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Enter the root-zone : green technology for the leather manufacturer / Richard Daniels in WORLD LEATHER, Vol. 14, N° 6 (10/2001)  

[article]  inWORLD LEATHER > Vol. 14, N° 6 (10/2001) . - p. 85-88 Titre : Enter the root-zone : green technology for the leather manufacturer : Part 3 Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Richard Daniels, Auteur Année de publication : 2001 Article en page(s) : p. 85-88 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Cuirs et peaux -- Industrie -- Aspect de l'environnement Eau -- Epuration -- Traitement biologique Eaux usées -- Epuration Phytoépuration La phytoépuration est au sens large l'épuration par les plantes. Celles-ci peuvent contribuer à épurer ou dépolluer les trois grands milieux que sont l'air, les sols et l'eau. Il s'agit d'un système de traitement des eaux utilisant des plantes (généralement plantes macrophytes), des substrats et des microorganismes au sein d'une zone humide artificielle (ou "constructed wetlands" pour les anglophones). Les systèmes de phytoépuration peuvent être composés d'un ou plusieurs filtres plantés. Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : The root zone of certain reeds can be used to remove the COD from tannery effluents to levels expected of conventional biological treatment. Moreover, performance can be enhanced to reduce the area requirements, and provide a robust, low cost, manageable and effective treatment system. These aspects were presented in parts 1&2, World Leather June/July & August/September 2001, respectively. Although the main potential for the technology is for the biological treatment of effluent, there are other possible applications in both effluent treatment and dewatering. These are discussed in Part 3, together practicalities, costings, and benefits to the leather sector. Note de contenu : - ROOT-ZONE APPLICATIONS IN THE LEATHER AND OTHER INDUSTRIAL SECTORS : Support for badly performing activated sludge treatment systems - Polishing treatment - Biological treatment of volatiles - Dewatering high strength/low volume discharges - Dewatering sludges - Applications in other industrial sectors - PRACTICALITIES AND COSTINGS - Fig. 13 : 3-stage reedbed. Presidency Kid Leather, India. The construction is over engineered to ensure security of performance and information. The effluent is classified as difficult, being similar to Pearce-Pebody composition. - Fig. 14 : Simple construction. Impermeable plastic linings supported by earth banks, using coarse sand as a medium, provide a very low cost arrangement. Although the tannery effluent is a typical mix from chrome and vegetable tanning, the salt content is very high @10,000 mg/l due to natural brackish groundwater. - Fig. 15 : High energy consumption. Many configurations are possible to provide the oxygen and continuous effluent movement demanded by the activated sludge process. The aerators require high energy input, and the technology needs careful management and control. Odour, aerosol effects and high volume sludges accompany this visually intrusive technology. - Fig. 16 : Aggressive but elegant technology. Harsh industrial environments are softened by this ultimate green technology. Other benefits include butterflies, birds and tranquility. Surely better than the conventional high cost/high tech option. En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1rbs-GFEtZM7dhPVgpbRMlDPt_8qMSMhM/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=32178 [article]

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Microbiological requirements for water used in cosmetics production / Ulrich Eigener in SOFW JOURNAL, Vol. 150, N° 5 (05/2024)

[article]  inSOFW JOURNAL > Vol. 150, N° 5 (05/2024) . - p. 32-38 Titre : Microbiological requirements for water used in cosmetics production : Part 1 : Purity requirements and water system Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Ulrich Eigener, Auteur ; L. Maksym, Auteur ; Joelle Nussbaum, Auteur ; M. Pflock, Auteur ; U. Rossow, Auteur ; Rainer Simmering, Auteur Année de publication : 2024 Article en page(s) : p. 32-38 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Caractérisation Eau -- Epuration -- Traitement biologique Eau -- Qualité Microbiologie Index. décimale : 668.5 Parfums et cosmétiques Résumé : Part 1 describes the types of water that are generally available and how they are to be characterised from a chemical and microbiological point of view. For use in the production of cosmetic products (water as a raw material and water for cleaning purposes), certain microbiological quality requirements must be specified for the water. This is usually done by assigning microbiological purity requirements. These include, on the one hand, limiting the total viable count (TVC) (drinking water limits are usually used as a minimum standard) and, on the other hand, excluding certain specified microorganisms. In order to provide water of the desired quality, a suitable treatment system is required. The system must be designed to provide sufficient antimicrobial treatment of the water (there are various methods available). In addition, the water must be kept in constant circulation to prevent the accumulation of microorganisms (avoidance of biofilm!). Note de contenu : - 1. THE TYPES OF WATER AND THE REQUIREMENTS FOR MICROBIOLOGICAL PURITY : Types of water - Requirements for water used in the production of cosmetics - 2. CONSTRUCTION AND OPERATION OF THE WATER SYSTEM : General requirements - Important system elements for microbiological water quality - Recommendation for the structure of the water supply system - Table 1 : Characterization and quality of some types of water - Table 2 : Microbiological quality requirements for water : limit values - Table 3 : Commonly used methods of antimicrobial water treatment Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=41209 [article]

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Nutrient balance in aerobic biological treatment of tannery wastewater / Jianfei Zhou in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CIX, N° 5 (05/2014)  

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La station d'épuration du district de Santa Croce, modèle de circularité / Juliette Sebille in LEATHER FASHION DESIGN (LFD), N° 5 (02/2020)  

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Tannery wastewater treatment : conventional and promising processes, an updated 20-year review / Jun Zhao in JOURNAL OF LEATHER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING, Vol. 4 (Année 2022)  

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Les traitements de l'eau / Claude Cardot / Paris : Ellipses (2010)

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