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Chinese understanding of the ecological environment values of the leather industry / Han Wang in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 105, N° 1 (01-02/2021)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC) > Vol. 105, N° 1 (01-02/2021) . - p. 1-8 Titre : Chinese understanding of the ecological environment values of the leather industry Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Han Wang, Auteur ; Jing Li, Auteur ; Yang Zhao, Auteur ; Jie Chen, Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : p. 1-8 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Cuirs et peaux -- Industrie -- Aspect de l'environnement Cuirs et peaux -- Industrie -- Chine Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : The leather industry waste-water is one of the main pollution factors of the ecological environnent. Due to long-term market competition, it was impossible to transfer the cost of waste water treatment to consumers. Discharging wastewater illegally became the usual behaviours of leather factories in past decades in China. The Environmental Supervision Department of China was faced with the dilemma of 'If we let it be, there will be a mess and 'if we take strict supervision the enterprises could not survive due to the high treatment cost'. We have to tolerate and accept the fact that environmental pollution is an inevitable consequence of extensive economic construction. In order to reduce and control pollution, the Supervision Department are strengthening supervision while accelerating the upgrading of leather production equipment, supporting enterprises to improve production process, guiding the mergers and reorganizations of the leather manufacturing industry, and seeking the dialectical unity of industry and public interests between pollution and development, survival and ecology. Note de contenu : - Characteristics and general technologies of pollution treatment in leather industry - The chinese government's supervision measures of environmental pollution - The effect of leather pollution supervision in China in the past decades - The new path of leather industry pollution governance in China - Self consistent logic of new path of leather pollution governance in China - Table 1 : The ranking of leather products and shoes in various regions of China in 2019 - Table 2 : Rankings of China's light leather production from January to August 2019 - Table 3 : Sample statistics of environmental pollution penalties for leather enterprises - Table 4 : Comparison of discharge standards of main pollutants from tanning (mg/L) En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1AmEXz0Tznimv2OiFm14dWBKNizrJgAxl/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=35311 [article]

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Low salt preservation of australian sheepskins / C. P. Martin in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 105, N° 1 (01-02/2021)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC) > Vol. 105, N° 1 (01-02/2021) . - p. 9-16 Titre : Low salt preservation of australian sheepskins Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : C. P. Martin, Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : p. 9-16 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Cuirs et peaux -- Analyse Cuirs et peaux -- Conservation Cuirs et peaux de moutons Evaluation Laine de mouton sels -- Réduction Sels de sodium Tannage synthétique Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : In a previous paper a Low Salt Preservation (LSP) method of preserving New Zealand and Australian sheepskins was described and compared to the existing High Salt Preservation (HSP) method. The HSP method uses large amounts of sodium chioride plus combinations of biocides which are not registered in REACH regulations. In the previous trial the Australian skins were stacked flat with wool side against pelt side which caused some mildew to develop in the wool. In this trial using LSP, the skins were stacked in the conventional manner by folding down the back bone, flank to flank with the wool side out. The LSP process used 73% less salt than HSP and uses additives widely used in the food and beverage industries. No wool slip was found in the LSP preserved skins compared to 5% wool slip in the HSP skins and no mildewed areas were found in the LSP skins. These results confirm the efficacy of the LSP process. When finished as rugs there was more ‘wool tip colour’ on some LSP skins compared to HSP. If the wool tip is removed by shearing the underlying wool colour is the same for both LSP and HSP. Note de contenu : - OBJECTIVE OF THIS WORK - EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURES : Bulk trial - Chemical used - Methods of analysis - PROCESSING OF SKINS INTO FINISHED LEATHER : All skins were shipped to Auskin Tannery in China for processing into finished leather - Pieces stored in laboratory oven at various elevated temperatures - Processing of skins using syntan tannages and modified THPS tannage - Progressive shearing down of wool on rug skins - RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : Inspection of the raw skins - Analytical results - Titrations v.0.1 NaOH - Moisture contents - Assessment of bulk skins after finishing as rugs - Assessment of skins after progressive shearing down of the wool - Assessment of sample pieces stored at elevated temperatures in laboratory oven - Table 1 : Chemicals used in experimental process - Table 2 : Comments after inspecting the raw skins - Table 3 : Analytical results for raw skins - Table 4 : Sorting results after finishing skins as rugs - Table 5 : Assessment of wool colour after progressive shearing - Table 6 : Assessment of skins processed by syntan processes (and THPS) En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1amhRrnyiIshOghZAl9AYuIqqC4DfIj6h/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=35312 [article]

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The spread of leather observations, experience and personal thoughts on area yield / Buddhadeb Chattopadhyay in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 105, N° 1 (01-02/2021)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC) > Vol. 105, N° 1 (01-02/2021) . - p. 17-18 Titre : The spread of leather observations, experience and personal thoughts on area yield Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Buddhadeb Chattopadhyay, Auteur ; Subhra Kumar Mukhopadhyay, Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : p. 17-18 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Cuirs et peaux -- Finition Rendement en surface Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : The main oxygen for a tannery is achieving enhanced spread (area yield) of the finished leather. Whatever technological marvels we may exhibit; all will be levelled out, if, we cannot achieve the right spread/yield in the manufacturing process. Simply because of the reasons that yield influences (1) costing and (2) the revenue to the factory since, leather (except sole/insole) is sold on the basis of area. So, the higher the area per kg of wet-salted hides and skins; the higher is the sale value. Now this is the most crucial blood flow, often neglected or of little concern to tanners. My tannery experience and several experiments on this factor done at the Bata India Ltd., under my mentor Dr. Zdenek Kotasek, nearly 40 years ago, compelled me to sum up very briefly the aspects of how and what influences the spread/yield. There is no single panacea for obtaining the right spread/area yield of leather, several chemical and physical factors are obviously related to it. Spread needs to be built in step-by-step. We shall delve into them one after another. En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1I4x8ThKbHEx7WoTe2ePayX1JZZ6U4bHt/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=35313 [article]

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Synthesis, characterisation and application of environment friendly polymers for producing sustainable leather / Muhammad Naveed Ashraf in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 105, N° 1 (01-02/2021)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC) > Vol. 105, N° 1 (01-02/2021) . - p. 19-30 Titre : Synthesis, characterisation and application of environment friendly polymers for producing sustainable leather Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Muhammad Naveed Ashraf, Auteur ; Shazad Maqsood Khan, Auteur ; Shahid Munir, Auteur ; Rashid Saleem, Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : p. 19-30 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Biopolymères -- Synthèse Caractérisation Cuirs et peaux -- Propriétés mécaniques Cuirs et peaux -- Propriétés organoleptiques Eaux usées -- Analyse Formaldéhyde -- Suppression ou remplacement Mélamine-Méthylglyoxal Poids moléculaires Retannage Rhéologie Stabilité thermique Thermogravimétrie Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : A series of formaldehyde-free melamine-methylglyoxal resins has been produced at various mole ratios of reactants. The methylglyoxal to melamine mole ratio (MG/M) was varied from 3 to 6 and the sodium metabisulfite to melamine mole ratio (SMB/M) was varied from 0.05 to 0.2. Viscosity trend of resins within the series was examined. The prepared resins were used as retanning agents and their improved mechanical and organoleptic properties were noticed in comparison with a commercial melamine-formaldehyde resin. The morphology of grain surface and fibre structure of the leathers was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Thermal stability of the optimal resin was assessed and observed to show an improvement over the commercial melamine-formaldehyde resin. Molecular weight and FTIR study of optimal resin was also pursued. Determination of free formaldehyde confirmed that the resulting leather was free from formaldehyde. A pollution load study of retanning effluent showed a significant reduction in chemical oxygen demand, total suspended solids and total dissolved solids for the optimal resin reflecting its improved exhaustion due to optimised molecular size and ability to undergo in situ polymerisation in collagen fibres. The results have shown that the melamine resins of this novel work are suitable for producing formaldehyde-free leather with improved retanning properties and reduced pollution load of the wastewater. Methylglyoxal has been proved as a successful alternate of formaldehyde in resin synthesis to control air emissions and carcinogenic effects while producing sustainable leather. Note de contenu : - EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE : Chemicals and apparatus - Synthesis of novel melamine resins using methylglyoxal as a condensing agent - RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : Schematic route of synthesis - Rheology of resins - Evaluation of retanning performance of SMMG resins - Mechanical proerties of leather treated with SMMG resins - Organoleptic properties of the leather treated with novel SMMG resins - Quantitative estimation of free formaldehyde content in treated leather - Molecular weight determination of optimal SMMG resin - Structural elucidation of optimal SMMG resin - Comparative thermo gravimetric analysis of optimal SMMG resin - Analysis of effluent - Table 1 : Mole ratio and physical characteristics of novel SMMG resins - Experimental data - Table 2 : Leather processing materials, conditions and recipe - Table 3 : Mechanical properties of leather treated with sulfonated melamine-methylglyoxal resins - Table 4 : Dependence of flow time, relative viscosity, specific viscosity - Table 5 : Comparative characteristics of effluent after retanning with novel SMMG#06 resin and control resin - Scheme 1 : Reaction of melamine and methylglyoxal at different mole ratio - Scheme 2 : Sulfonation of melamine-methylglyoxal derivative - Scheme 3 : Condensation of sulfonated tetrahydroxy melamine to form polymer molecule En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/14IGqeHhbQcRyM88CW02qqG0GNzcv3Cr6/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=35314 [article]

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Preparation of amino-terminated hyperbranched buffing dust and its adsorption property towards acid fuchsin : Use of an industry by-product to adsorb dyestuffs / Jie Liu in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 105, N° 1 (01-02/2021)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC) > Vol. 105, N° 1 (01-02/2021) . - p. 31-40 Titre : Preparation of amino-terminated hyperbranched buffing dust and its adsorption property towards acid fuchsin : Use of an industry by-product to adsorb dyestuffs Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Jie Liu, Auteur ; Zhang Feifei, Auteur ; Yinghu Song, Auteur ; Zhendi An, Auteur ; Yanchun Li, Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : p. 31-40 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Analyse quantitative (chimie) Caractérisation Colorants -- Adsorption Cuirs et peaux -- Déchets -- Recyclage Eaux usées -- Epuration Electrostatique Fuchsine, Acide Isotherme d'adsorption Poids moléculaires Polymères ramifiés Poussière de cuir Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : Buffing dust (BD) is generated in the buffing process of leather making. Amino-terminated hyperbranched polymer (HBPN) was used to modify the BD to prepare hyperbranched polymer modified BD (HBPN-B). The molecular weight of HBPN was analysed by GPC and FTIR, SEM-EDS and BET analysis were employed to characterise the structure of the HBPN-B. The BET specific surface area of HBPN-B was 7.128m2.g-1. The EDS analysis results show that after modification, the N content of BD increased from 21.23% to 24.47%. HBPN-B was then used in the adsorption of dye from wastewater. The influences of reaction conditions on the adsorption properties of HBPN-B towards acid fuchsin were studied and the adsorption kinetic and isotherm were researched. The removal rate of acid fuchsin by HBPN-B increased with the increase of pH, the removal rate reached the maximum at pH2.5. Electrostatic attraction was the chief adsorption mechanism. The removal rate increased with the increase of HBPN-B dosage and temperature. The adsorption process was in conformity with pseudo-second order kinetic and Langmuir adsorption isotherm model adsorption. Note de contenu : - MATERIALS AND METHODS : Chemicals - Preparation of HBPN-B - The characterisation of HBPN-B - Quantification of acid fuchsin - Batch adsorption experiments - Adsorption kinetic - Adsorption isotherm - RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : Characterisation of the HBPN-B - Effect of conditions of solution to the adsorption property of HBPN-B - Kinetics adsorption studies - Adsorption isotherm - Table 1 : GPC analysis result of HBPN - Table 2 : BET characterisation of biosorbent - Table 3 : Constants for the kinetic models of acid fuchsin on the HBPN-B - Table 4 : Isotherm parameters obtained from the fitting to experimental results on the adsorption of acid fuchsin onto the HBPN-B En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1HBFOgdQ3CcXaP5KEwrSo-QjLF-JlWCTB/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=35315 [article]

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Algae development in tannery wastewater treatment tanks / Sreeparna Das in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 105, N° 1 (01-02/2021)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC) > Vol. 105, N° 1 (01-02/2021) . - p. 41-48 Titre : Algae development in tannery wastewater treatment tanks Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Sreeparna Das, Auteur ; Debojyoti Das, Auteur ; Sudin Pal, Auteur ; Shuvadip Adhikari, Auteur ; Sanjoy Chakraorty, Auteur ; Subhra Kumar Mukhopadhyay, Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : p. 41-48 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Algues unicellulaires Caractérisation Cuirs et peaux -- Industrie Eaux usées -- Analyse Phytoplancton Statistique Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : We have carried out this study to characterise the physico-chemical properties of the tannery effluents at different treatment tanks and to identify if any aerobic planktonic forms are thriving in the toxic effluents. Pearson correlation matrix suggests significant positive correlation between pH and TSS, acidity, Pb and Cr. A significant positive correlation between TDS, EC and salinity is also recorded. The concentrations of six metals, namely, Cr, Pb, Cu, Zn, Mn and Fe are well within the safe limits. Principal Component Analysis, a dimension-reduction tool, shows that out of seventeen physico-chemical variables, fourteen variables contain most of the information to influence the biota. Canonical Correspondence Analysis plot strongly suggests that the physico-chemical factors significantly influenced the occurrence of phytoplankton in treatment sites of CETPs. This work addressed the basic study questions, whether any oxygen liberating life-foret is thriving in the treatment tanks that could be used in biological amelioration of toxic tannery effluents! We record the occurrence of three species of Cyanophyceae, one species under Chlorophyceae, two under Euglenophyceae and a single Bacillariophyceae in the treatment tanks extending an opportunity for further researches on the efficiency of these algal species in ameliorating different toxicants in the tannery wastewaters. Note de contenu : - Study area and period - Physico-chemical analyses - Phytoplankton enumeration - Statistical analyses - Table 1 : Physico-chemical conditions (mean ± SD) of wastewater in different treatment tanks of CETPs at CLC, Kolkata - Table 2 : Pearson correlation matrix En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1iKQ6n3GByceKzivm4-0zO6tciwrK8O4s/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=35316 [article]

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