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Auteur Stuart C. Allen
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University of Northampton - UK
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Methods of isolation and identification of pathogenic and potential pathogenic bacteria from skins and tannery effluents / Anne Lama in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CVIII, N° 2 (02/2013)
[article]
Titre : Methods of isolation and identification of pathogenic and potential pathogenic bacteria from skins and tannery effluents Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Anne Lama, Auteur ; Margaret Bates, Auteur ; Anthony D. Covington, Auteur ; Stuart C. Allen, Auteur ; A. Paula M. Antunes, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Bactéries -- Identification
Bactéries -- Isolement
Bactéries pathogènes
Cuirs et peaux -- Analyse
Eaux usées -- AnalyseIndex. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : Currently there is no standard protocol available within the leather industry to isolate and identify pathogenic bacteria from hides, skins or tannery effluent. This study was therefore carried out to identify simple but effective methods for isolation and identification of bacterial pathogens from the effluent and skins during leather processing. Identification methods based on both phenotypic and genotypic characteristics were investigated. Bacillus cereus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were used as indicator bacteria to evaluate the isolation and identification methods. Decontaminated calfskins were inoculated with a pure culture of the above mentioned bacterial species followed by pre-tanning and chromium tanning processes. Effluent samples were collected and skins were swabbed at the end of each processing stage. Bacterial identification was carried out based on the phenotypic characteristics; such as colony appearance on selective solid media, cell morphology following a standard Gram-staining and spore staining techniques, and biochemical reactions, e.g., the ability of a bacterial species to ferment particular sugars and ability to produce certain enzymes. Additionally, an identification system based on bacterial phenotypic characteristics, known as Biolog® system was applied. A pulsed-filed gel electrophoresis (PFGE) method for bacterial DNA fingerprinting was also evaluated and used for the identification of the inoculated bacteria. The methods described in the study were found to be effective for the identification of pathogenic bacteria from skins and effluent. Note de contenu : - MATERIALS AND METHODS : Isolation and primary identification of inoculated bacterial species - Gram-staining and spore-staining - Biochemical following standard methods - The biolog system for bacterial identification - Extraction and purification of bacterial DNA for pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (Bacillus cereux - Pseudomonas aeruginosa) - Digestion of the bacterial DNA - Electrophoresis of bacterial DNA
- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : Bacterial growth on selective media (Bacillus cereus - Pseudomonas aeruginosa) - Gram-staining and spore-staining - Biochemical tests - The biolog system for bacterial identification - Electrophoresis of bacterial DNAEn ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1-cjGV1x0pnaNgB2dUiGLRtm5YRBYxREf/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=17372
in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. CVIII, N° 2 (02/2013)[article]Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 14610 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible Microorganisms : growth in the tannery / Anne Lama in LEATHER INTERNATIONAL, Vol. 213, N° 4816 (11-12/2011)
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Titre : Microorganisms : growth in the tannery Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Anne Lama, Auteur ; Geoffrey E. Attenburrow, Auteur ; Margaret Bates, Auteur ; Anthony D. Covington, Auteur ; Stuart C. Allen, Auteur ; A. Paula M. Antunes, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : p. 48-49 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Bactéries pathogènes
Champignons pathogènes
TannageIndex. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1a5hZ80mfG_vGS2RTypETdu52eRv5cEri/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=12758
in LEATHER INTERNATIONAL > Vol. 213, N° 4816 (11-12/2011) . - p. 48-49[article]Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 13581 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible 13580 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible Optimization of enzyme-assisted phenolic reactions applied to thermal stabilization of collagen using response surface methodology / Leticia Melo Dos Santos in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CXI, N° 2 (02/2016)
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Titre : Optimization of enzyme-assisted phenolic reactions applied to thermal stabilization of collagen using response surface methodology Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Leticia Melo Dos Santos, Auteur ; Stuart C. Allen, Auteur ; A. Paula M. Antunes, Auteur Année de publication : 2016 Article en page(s) : p. 53-61 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Catalyse enzymatique
CatéchineLa catéchine est une molécule de la famille des flavonoïdes de la sous-classe des flavanols. Elle est aussi connue sous le nom de catéchol, avec le risque de confusion avec le pyrocatéchol parfois dénommé lui aussi catéchol. L’usage dans la communauté scientifique a fini par imposer le terme de catéchine, dérivé du terme anglais catechin.
Initialement découverte dans les fruits de l'acacia à cachou (Acacia catechu) duquel elle dérive son nom, la catéchine et ses nombreux isomères sont de puissants antioxydants qui aident à prévenir les maladies inflammatoires et coronariennes.
Le terme de catéchine est aussi parfois utilisé pour désigner la classe des flavanols (flavan-3-ols, flavan-3,4-ols et leurs esters galliques). Pour éviter la confusion entre la classe et le composé, ce dernier est désigné dans ce contexte par (+/-)-catéchine.
Collagène
Cuirs et peaux
LaccasesLes laccases (EC 1.10.3.2) appartiennent à une famille d'enzymes ayant pour cofacteur du cuivre. C'est une oxydase (oxydoréductase, EC 1) que l'on retrouve dans de nombreuses plantes, champignons et micro-organismes.
Le cuivre est lié sur plusieurs sites de la protéine. On distingue trois types. Les types 2 et 3 sont appelés grappe tri-nucléaire. Le cuivre du type 1 est soluble dans l'eau. Le mercure déplace le cobalt complexé dans les laccases. Les complexants du cuivre peuvent le déplacer et le remplacer par du cobalt. Les cyanures complexent également le cuivre, mais dans ce cas il n'est pas possible de réinsérer du cobalt.
Les laccases oxydent les dérivés phénoliques mais d'une façon ménagée qui transforme la lignine en monolignol.
Phénols
Polymérisation
Poudre de peaux
Stabilité thermique
Surfaces de réponse (statistique)
Tannage végétalIndex. décimale : 675.2 Préparation du cuir naturel. Tannage Résumé : Vegetable tannins used in tanning of hides and skins are limited by surface reactions as well as large molecular weights, reducing penetration into the skin and lowering the thermal stability or tanning effect. Investigation into the utilization of small phenolic compounds such as catechin to improve penetration with subsequent in situ enzymecatalysed polymerization may provide a novel and alternative tanning agent. In this study, catechin was oxidized by enzymatic catalysis using laccase, with the polymerization confirmed by FT-IR and UHPLC. Tanning experiments were undertaken to measure the effect of laccase-catalysed polymerization of catechin in the thermal stabilization of collagen, i.e., the change in shrinkage temperature between the treated and untreated sample of hide powder (ÄTs). A factorial design was subsequently used to study process parameters that may affect enzymatic reactions: temperature, substrate concentration, enzyme concentration and incubation period. The statistically significant variables were found to be temperature and incubation period, and were thus chosen to be studied further for process optimization using response surface methodology. Maximum ÄTs can be obtained for a temperature of 34.6°C and incubation period of 25 hours. This study demonstrates that the stabilization of collagen (ÄTs) is increased with the use of enzyme-assisted polymerization. Note de contenu : - MATERIALS AND METHODS : Materials - Laccase-catalyzed polymerization of catechin - FT-IR - UHPLC - Phloroglucinolysis - Factorial design and central composite design
- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : Evaluation of laccase-catalyzed polymerized catechin using FT-IR and UHPLC - Investigation into the effect of laccase-catalyzed process for varying concentration of the substrate catechin on the stabilization of hide powder - Factorial design and central composite design to optimize process parameters of laccase-assisted stabilization of bovine hide powder using catechin as a substrateEn ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1YeO476JK5Fa-c3QwVZoxREcbgc-pGevR/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=25426
in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. CXI, N° 2 (02/2016) . - p. 53-61[article]Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 17831 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible Survival and growth of bacillus cereus, pseudomonas aeruginosa and staphylococcus aureus in extreme environments present during the early stages of a conventional leather making process / Anne Lama in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CVII, N° 6 (06/2012)
[article]
Titre : Survival and growth of bacillus cereus, pseudomonas aeruginosa and staphylococcus aureus in extreme environments present during the early stages of a conventional leather making process Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Anne Lama, Auteur ; Stuart C. Allen, Auteur ; Geoffrey E. Attenburrow, Auteur ; Anthony D. Covington, Auteur ; A. Paula M. Antunes, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : p. 186-194 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Bactéries -- Croissance
Bactéries pathogènes
Cuirs et peaux
Cuirs et peaux de veaux
Hypochlorite de sodium
Prétannage
Tannage au chromeIndex. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : Raw hides/skins used as a raw material for manufacturing leather contain various microorganisms including potential pathogens. The presence of hazardous chemicals during a conventional leather-making process may create extreme environmental conditions for the growth of the bacteria present on hides/skins. Bacteria, however, are known to survive harsh environmental conditions. This study was undertaken in order to determine the survival and growth of certain bacteria during a conventional pre-tanning and chromium-tanning process. Calfskin pieces were decontaminated and inoculated with log8 (108) to log10 (1010) colony forming units (cfu) of Bacillus cereus ATCC11778, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC10145 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC25923, and the survival was monitored following a conventional pre-tanning and chromium-tanning process. The presence of inoculated bacteria in effluent and on skins was determined. A higher bacterial growth was observed during the pre-soaking process, followed by a significant reduction (p?0.05) during the main-soaking, unhairing and reliming processes. Although limited, bacterial growth was observed during the subsequent deliming, bating, pickling and tanning processes. The study showed that these bacterial species are not only capable of surviving a conventional leather-making process, but also showed the ability to proliferate if provided with suitable environmental conditions. Note de contenu : - EXPERIMENTAL : Sodium hypochlorite treatment - Bacterial inoculation- Leather-making process - Bacterial enumeration in effluent and swabs - Sample plating - Confirmatory tests - Statistical analysis
- RESULTS : Preliminary experiments - Bacterial isolation from effluent prior to and during processing of calfskins - Bacillus cereus - Pseudomonas aeruginosa - Staphylococcus aureus - Bacterial isolation from swabsEn ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/17fvgNXtwDTNLvqW2-_BXcSKy22er_no4/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=15532
in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. CVII, N° 6 (06/2012) . - p. 186-194[article]Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 13991 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible