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Ajouter le résultat dans votre panierChrome-less tanning - a non-pickling process based on Zr-Al-Ti complex tanning agent / Wang Kangjian in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 102, N° 1 (01-02/2018)
Titre : Chrome-less tanning - a non-pickling process based on Zr-Al-Ti complex tanning agent Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Wang Kangjian, Auteur ; Chen Yining, Auteur ; Dan Nianhua, Auteur ; Dan Weihua, Auteur Année de publication : 2018 Article en page(s) : p. 1-6 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Croûte (cuir) On entend par "cuir en croûte" des cuirs ayant subi les opérations jusqu'au tannage, à l'exclusion de toute opération de corroyage ou de finissage, mais qui, par opposition aux wet-blue ont été séchés.
Cuirs et peaux -- Propriétés mécaniques
Eaux usées -- Teneur en chrome hexavalent
Essais (technologie)
Etudes comparatives
pH -- Mesure
Tannage au chrome
Tannage minéralTannage dans lequel interviennent différents minéraux. Le plus répandu est le tannage aux sels de chrome, mais aussi à l’aluminium
Température de retraitIndex. décimale : 675.2 Préparation du cuir naturel. Tannage Résumé : The non-pickting tanning for cattle hide upper leather was carried out with chrome-less process based on zirconium-aluminium-titanium tanning (DMT-II) in this paper. The best material offers of DMT-Il and chrome tanning agent were selected through preliminary experiments. The operating parameters in the tanning process, including the pretreatment, the temperature after basification and the final pH, were optimize using the orthogonal testing method. The chrome content of wastewater was chosen as an evaluation index. The evaluation indexes of the optimum scheme were compared with those of the conventional chrome tanning method. The shrinkage temperature of the crust leather (Ts), the chrome content of wastewater BOD5/COD and the gross mechanical property and the histological sections Were evaluated.
The results.showed that the shrinkage temperature of the crust leather could be up to 90°C when the tanning temperature was 35°C and the pH after tanning was 4.5, the chrome content of the wastewater was less than 50mgL-1. The BOD5/COD was much higher than those of the.converitional chrome tanning method. Moreover, the shrinkage temperature, mechanical properties, crust leather fibres tighter density were comparable to those of conventional chrome tanning.Note de contenu : - EXPERIMENTAL : Materials - Experimental procedures
- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : Non-pickling chrome-less tanning preliminary experiment - Orthogonal test of non-pickling chrome-less tanning
- TABLE : 1. The factors and levels of orthogonal tests - 2. Non-pickling chrome-less tanning process - 3. Results of non-pickling chrome-less tanning preliminary experiment - 4. Results of orthogonal test of non-pickling chrome-less tanning - 5. Analysis of orthogonal test of non-pickling chrome-less tanning - 6. Results of optimum non-pickling chrome-less tanning and common chrome tanning process
- FIGURES : 1. Histological observation of the cross sections of crust leathers - 2. Histological observation of the longitudinal sections of crust leathersEn ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/10o_ZJ2LjsMaC060vjadNeJLmy-AxP2Uk/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=30007
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Titre : Impact of microwave irradiation on vegetable tanning Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Jiacheng Wu, Auteur ; Zhiwen Fan, Auteur ; Jinwei Zhang, Auteur ; Yao Wang, Auteur ; Wuyong Chen, Auteur Année de publication : 2018 Article en page(s) : p. 7-11 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Analyse thermique
Chromatographie en phase liquide à hautes performances
Chromatographie sur gel
Cuirs et peaux
Micro-ondes
Pénétration (physique)
Phénols
Stabilité thermique
Tannage végétal
Tannage végétal -- Analyse
Température de retraitIndex. décimale : 675.2 Préparation du cuir naturel. Tannage Résumé : As a novel, mild, environmentally friendly and efficient thermal technology, microwave is freely used in many fields. Hence, an attempt has been made to apply the microwave in vegetable tanning to accelerate tanning reaction and improve the performance of the leather. In this work, the bonding properties of tannin extracts under microwave irradiation heating (MIH) ware investigated cornpared with water bath heating (WBH). Thermal performance of the leather treated under MIH was characterized by the shrinkage temperature and differential scanning calorimeter. The composition and properties of tanning liquors were analyzed by ultraviolet visible absorption spectroscopy, high performance liquid chromatography and gel permeation chrornatography. The results showed that the thermal stability of leather was improved and the shrinkage temperature of the leather increased about 1°C under MIH. Compared with a conventional tanning, the çomposition and properties of the liquids changed under MIH, for example, the content of rnacromoIecules and total phenolics content reduced. Furthermore, the number-average molecular weight of tanning liquid also decreased. The results indicated that MIH could promote the penetration of tannin extracts and combination between tannins and collagen. Note de contenu : - EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURES : Tanning processes - Determination of total phenolics content (TPC) - Analysis of remaining tan liquor (RTL) - Analysis of thermal properties
- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : Tanning process - Thermal properties - Composition of RTL
- FIGURES : 1. The penetration depth of tannins - 2. DSC curves of the leather - HPLC of RTL - 4. GPC of RTL
- TABLES : 1. UV absorbance of TL - 2. Ts of the leatherEn ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1gsvLa8G3sgkFgWqEA67v8dqHSjuJbYSM/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=30008
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Titre : The microstructure changes of collagen fibres introduced by a novel metal complex : Zr-Al-Ti Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Chen Yining, Auteur ; Dan Nianhua, Auteur ; Xiao Shiwei, Auteur ; Wang Kangjian, Auteur ; Dan Weihua, Auteur Année de publication : 2018 Article en page(s) : p. 12-17 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Collagène
Complexes métalliques
Cuirs et peaux -- Analyse
Diffractométrie de rayons X
Fourier, Spectroscopie infrarouge à transformée de
Microscopie à force atomique
Microscopie électronique à balayage
Microstructures -- Analyse
ThermogravimétrieIndex. décimale : 675.2 Préparation du cuir naturel. Tannage Résumé : Collagen fibres may be changed by reaction with a Zr-Al-Ti complex bath in structure and properties. Specifically the microstructure changes of collagen fibres have been investigated through X-Ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscope (AFM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM), accompanied by thermal stability analysis carried out with differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and thermogravimetric analyzer (TG). Owing to the interactions brought about by the Zr-AI-Ti complex, the D-pattern of collagen fibres has been shortened from 67nm to around 57nm, while the feature triple helices have not been destroyed. Meanwhile, collagen fibres have obviously been wrapped by Zr-Al-Ti complex to form a tight membrane : These effects are due to the interactions between gaps in collagen's characteristic gap-overlap structure in D-pattern, as well as interactions between neighbouring collagen fibres laterally. The changes of structure Ied to different thermal stabilities. The thermal denaturation temperature has finally been improved from 66.4°C to 82.6°C, and residual weight increased from 25.02% to 33,36% in the temperature range of 50-800°C. Note de contenu : - MATERIALS AND METHODS : Materials - Sample preparation - Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) measurements - X-ray diffraction (XRD) - Scanning electron microscope observation (SEM) - Atomic force microscope observation (AFM) - Thermal analysis
- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : Influence of Zr-Al-Ti complex on the spatial structure of collagen fibres - Influence of Zr-Al-Ti complex on the morphology of collagen fibre - Influence of Zr-Al-Ti complex on the thermal stability of collagen fibre
- FIGURES : 1. FTIR spectra of collagen fibres treated with Zr-Al-Ti complex - 2. WXRD diagrams of collagen fibres treated with Zr-Al-Ti complex - 3. Changes of D-pattern of collagen fibres treated by Zr-Al-Ti complex - 4. Schematic illustration of microstructure change of collagen fibres - 5. Morphology of collagen fibres treated with Zr-Al-Ti complex - 6. DSC thermographs of collagen fibres treated with DMT-II - 7. TG and DTG curves of collagen fibres treated with Zr-Al-Ti complex
- TABLE : Weight loss at each defined process and residual weights of different collagen fibres determined by TG analysisEn ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1AAwT1cqR31HyC_7X3wlP12lu33J1WiGI/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=30009
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Titre : Environmental life cycle assessment of leather processing industry : a case study of Bangladesh Type de document : texte imprimé Année de publication : 2018 Article en page(s) : p. 18-26 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Croûte (cuir) On entend par "cuir en croûte" des cuirs ayant subi les opérations jusqu'au tannage, à l'exclusion de toute opération de corroyage ou de finissage, mais qui, par opposition aux wet-blue ont été séchés.
Cuir pleine fleur
Cuirs et peaux -- Industrie -- Aspect de l'environnement
Cuirs et peaux -- Industrie -- Bangladesh
Durée de vie (Ingénierie)
Environnement -- Etudes d'impactIndex. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : Tanning industries have been vitally important to the economy of Bangladesh, yet they have been proven to be detrimental to the environment mainly due to the discharge of quantities of untreated wastewater containing chromium. Life cycle assessment (LCA) is a practical tool used to evaluate and compare the life cycle environmental impacts of a product. Using the IMPACT 2002+ methodology within the SimaPro LCA modelling tool, we have studied and compared the environmental burden of of two leather products : full-chrome leather (FCL) and chrome-retanned crust leather (CRL). In the case of both FCL and CRL, it was found that significant environmental impacts were associated with tanning, rechroming, neutralisation, deliming-bating and the acid wash processes in the production cycle. The emissions responsible for these processes except deliming-bating, are Cr(III), Cr(VI) which plays a vital role in maximising the toxicity potential and ammonia (deliming-bating) to a minor extent. Supply chain hotspots are transport for raw hides, chemicals and electricity. FCL had 5 times, 4.53 times and 2.53 times greater impact on categories of aquatic ecotoxicity, non-carcinogens and ecosystem quality respectively compared to CRL. In addition, aquatic acidification potential of FCL was greater than that of CRL, while CRL had marginally higher contribution to aquatic eutrophication. The carbon footprint of the two systems was found to be about 0.75kg CO2 equivalent per M2 of leather. The assessment shows that the FCL production system has higher environmental impact than CRL. Note de contenu : - Goal definition and scope
- Life cycle inventory
- Impact assessment method
- FIGURES : 1. System boundary of the FCL system - 2. Overall scheme of the IMPACT 2002+ framework, linking LCI results via the midpoint categories to damage categories adopted from Jolliet et al., 2003 - 3. Impact assessment at midpoint and endpoint level of FCL and CRL with contribution from the different life cycle processes - Relative contribution of each life cycle stages to all midpoint impact categories of FCL) - 5. Relative contribution of each life cycle stages to all midpoint impact categories of CRLFCL. Midpoint impact categories are denoted by 1 to 15En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1pSaJY4AmI4t61tjgPQCwjcWuJNbdVF8e/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=30010
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Titre : Oxidative unhairing versus sulphide use - A critical comparison Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Reno Spinosi, Auteur ; Silvia Zamponi, Auteur ; Anna Bacardit, Auteur ; Mario Berrettoni, Auteur Année de publication : 2018 Article en page(s) : p. 27-32 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Enzymes Une enzyme est une protéine dotée de propriétés catalytiques. Pratiquement toutes les biomolécules capables de catalyser des réactions chimiques dans les cellules sont des enzymes ; certaines biomolécules catalytiques sont cependant constituées d'ARN et sont donc distinctes des enzymes : ce sont les ribozymes.
Une enzyme agit en abaissant l'énergie d'activation d'une réaction chimique, ce qui accroît la vitesse de réaction. L'enzyme n'est pas modifiée au cours de la réaction. Les molécules initiales sont les substrats de l'enzyme, et les molécules formées à partir de ces substrats sont les produits de la réaction. Presque tous les processus métaboliques de la cellule ont besoin d'enzymes pour se dérouler à une vitesse suffisante pour maintenir la vie. Les enzymes catalysent plus de 5 000 réactions chimiques différentes2. L'ensemble des enzymes d'une cellule détermine les voies métaboliques qui peuvent avoir lieu dans cette cellule. L'étude des enzymes est appelée enzymologie.
Les enzymes permettent à des réactions de se produire des millions de fois plus vite qu'en leur absence. Un exemple extrême est l'orotidine-5'-phosphate décarboxylase, qui catalyse en quelques millisecondes une réaction qui prendrait, en son absence, plusieurs millions d'années3,4. Comme tous les catalyseurs, les enzymes ne sont pas modifiées au cours des réactions qu'elles catalysent, et ne modifient pas l'équilibre chimique entre substrats et produits. Les enzymes diffèrent en revanche de la plupart des autres types de catalyseurs par leur très grande spécificité. Cette spécificité découle de leur structure tridimensionnelle. De plus, l'activité d'une enzyme est modulée par diverses autres molécules : un inhibiteur enzymatique est une molécule qui ralentit l'activité d'une enzyme, tandis qu'un activateur de cette enzyme l'accélère ; de nombreux médicaments et poisons sont des inhibiteurs enzymatiques. Par ailleurs, l'activité d'une enzyme décroît rapidement en dehors de sa température et de son pH optimums.
Epilage enzymatique
Epilage oxydatif
Etudes comparatives
Sulfures
Sulfures -- Suppression ou remplacementIndex. décimale : 675.3 Technologie de la fourrure Résumé : The conventional unhairing process is one of the most pollutant steps in the leather tanning process, which usually involves great amounts of sulphides, lime and soda ash, generating high BOD and COD values in the wastewater.
In this work, we have investigated different oxidative agents, combined or not with enzymes, as a possible replacement for sulphides in unhairing, focused on the possible industrial application of the method developed. Peroxymonocarbonate anion, persulfate anions (peroxymonosulfate and peroxydisulfate anion) and peroxynitrite anion have been chosen and the dehairing of bovine leather has been performed. The performance has been compared in terms of dehairing ability, time, suspended solids, pH, conductivity, COD and total nitrogen (Kjeldahl). All the tests were compared with a pilot test (hair-saving sulphide unhairing) and with a hydrogen peroxide dehairing. The results show the great ability of percarbonate, combined with enzymes, to give complete unhairing in 16 hours, no grain damage in absence of sulphides, and great homogeneity after dyeing tests. The results, also, showed a greater reduction of pollutants in the wastewater.Note de contenu : - EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURES : Materials - Apparatus - Methods
- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : Dehairing experiments - Peroxynitrite - Persulfate - Percarbonate - Comparison
- TABLES : 1. Two different mechanisms of reaction between peroxynitrous and peroxynitrite species with thiols - 2. The general procedure in which are present enzyme, sulphides and amine - 3. General procedure without the use of enzyme, sulphides and amine - 4. Comparison between the different oxidative agents in terms of abilities in dehairing bovine leatherEn ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1grNCT2ltm71NXXq9ZeEn2OUnrQr_oHw7/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=30011
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Titre : Development of nanocomposites with self-cleaning properties for textile and leather Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Concepcio Casas, Auteur ; Jordi Bou, Auteur ; Lluis Ollé, Auteur ; Anna Bacardit, Auteur Année de publication : 2018 Article en page(s) : p. 33-41 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Cuir
Fluoropolymères
Hydrophobie
Matériaux hybrides
Nanotechnologie
Polymères -- Synthèse
Polymères amphiphiles
Polyuréthanes
Revêtement auto-nettoyant
Silanes
Textiles et tissusIndex. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : The main aim of this study is to develop nover rnultifunctional nanotechnology systems that are applied in textile and leather industry processes for the upholstery used on seating for public spaces and vehicles. More specifically, the study seeks to achieve a dirt-free effect using nanostructured coatings that can bath repel dirt and produce a material with self-cleaning properties. To obtain this property, we use polymers for leather finishing polymers and self-assembling technical textile in several nanophases and microphases with a superhydrophobic effect similar to that of the lotus leaf, but with a greater resistance to abrasion. Additionally, in this study we also use hybrid multifunctional polyurethanes, organic-inorganic amphipihilic polymers with hydrophobic, oleophobic, and hydrophilic nanophases and microphases which can spontaneously rearrange on substrates, creating structures that repel both water and dirt.
The study consists of three stages : in i) selecting the most appropriate substances to achieve the self-cleaning effect ; ii) synthesizing nanostructured polymers with elastic properties, hybrid polymers with a fluoropolyurethane base, and the organic part based on self-cross-linking silanes ; iii) assessing the polymers obtained.
To understand the mechanisms of synthesis and action of the nanocomposites, the following characterization techniques have been applied : determination of particle size by means of dynamic light scattering ; determination of contact angle ; and determination of surface roughness.
A total of 25 products were developed. The results indicate that it is possible to produce coatings that give good hydrophobic properties and a self-cleaning effect to leather and textile surfaces. However, when these products are applied as coatings, the appearance and rigidity of the finished leather needs to be further improved.Note de contenu : - Synthesis of nanocomposites to obtain a superhydrophobic surface
- Synthesis of nanocomposites with self-cleaning properties
- Characterization of the developed products
- FIGURES : 1. Lotus effect on technical fabrics - 2. Polyester fabric with self-cleaning effect - 3. The particle's hydrodynamic diameter - 4. 40x magnification of the leather surface formed by particles in C16 - 5. 1000x magnification of the leather surface formed by particles in C16 - 6. Structure of product C16 - 7. Analysis of particle size distribution of products C16 and C17 - 8. Analysis contact angle of products C16 and C17 - 9. Analysis of profile distribution of C17 and SEM image on leather - 10. Analysis of profile distribution of C16 and SEM image on leather - 11. SEM images of products C16 and C17
- TABLES : 1. Characteristics of the nanocomposites synthesized to achieve a hydrophobic leather surface - 2. Characteristics of the synthesized nanocomposites with self-cleaning properties - 3. Characteristics of synthesized nanocomposites with antibacterial and dirt-free properties - 4. Equivalent diameter of sphere (volume distribution) - 5. Analysis of contact angle - 6. Average roughness of surface (µm)En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1TO--_k9UehAWGn8wTJXyEW7JJApd1goW/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=30012
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