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Ajouter le résultat dans votre panierImproving surface properties by laser-based drying, gelation, and densification of printed sol–gel coatings / Dominik Hawelka in JOURNAL OF COATINGS TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH, Vol. 11, N° 1 (01/2014)
Titre : Improving surface properties by laser-based drying, gelation, and densification of printed sol–gel coatings Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Dominik Hawelka, Auteur ; Jochen Stollenwerk, Auteur ; Norbert Pirch, Auteur ; Konrad Wissenbach, Auteur ; Peter Loosen, Auteur Année de publication : 2014 Article en page(s) : p. 3-10 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Couches minces
Lasers -- Applications industrielles
Réticulation (polymérisation)
Revêtements:Peinture
Sol-gel, Procédé
ZirconeLe dioxyde de zirconium ou oxyde de zirconium(IV) couramment appelée zircone est un composé inorganique du zirconium de formule ZrO2. Ce matériau est une céramique technique d'aspect opaque. Appelé CZ (Cubic Zirconia) lorsque transparent, il est utilisé pour imiter le diamant. Il ne faut pas le confondre avec le zircon (ZrSiO4). Sous sa forme tétragonale, l'oxyde de zirconium est un matériau a vocation mécanique, cette évolution cristallographique lui confère une dureté très élevée (1200Hv) ainsi qu'une bonne résistance aux sollicitations mécaniques (700Mpa en traction et 2000Mpa en compression). Une fois polie, la zircone tétragonale peut atteindre un Ra de 0,02, ce qui permet de l'utiliser pour des pièces de frottement.Index. décimale : 667.9 Revêtements et enduits Résumé : In this article, an innovative laser-based inline-capable coating process for the production of highly wear resistant coatings is presented. A zirconia-based sol–gel material is applied onto hardened and tempered steel substrates by a PipeJet-based printing process and spin-coating. Green films with a thickness of 100–200 nm are produced. Drying, gelation, and transformation of the green films into mechanically resistant wear protection coatings is done by laser treatments. Due to the precise temporal and spatial controllability of the diode laser radiation it is possible to generate temperatures >1000°C, required for the crystallization of the films, as well as to minimize the thermal load of the substrate. The formation of a tetragonal ZrO2 phase within the films is achieved by the laser treatment. According to finite-element calculations the temperature penetration depth of temperatures >150°C (thermal stability of the substrate around 180°C) is reduced to 20–100 μm by using pulsed diode laser radiation. The evolution of the layer thickness as well as chemical and morphological coating properties is investigated by white light interferometry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and grazing-incidence XRD measurements. Note de contenu : - EXPERIMENTAL METHODS AND MATERIALS : Application of the coating material - Laser treatment
- MODELINGDOI : 10.1007/s11998-013-9516-0 En ligne : https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fs11998-013-9516-0.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=20610
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Titre : A Raman spectroscopic method to find binder distribution in electrodes during drying Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Hideki Hagiwara, Auteur ; Wieslaw J. Suszynski, Auteur ; Lorraine F. Francis, Auteur Année de publication : 2014 Article en page(s) : p. 11-17 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Electrodes
Liants
Réticulation (polymérisation)
Revêtements
Spectroscopie RamanIndex. décimale : 667.9 Revêtements et enduits Résumé : Lithium ion batteries are used extensively in electronic devices as well as hybrid and electric vehicles. The anode electrode layer in the battery can be fabricated by coating an aqueous dispersion of carbon, binder, and additives, and then drying. During manufacturing, the distribution of the binder through the coating thickness can become nonuniform, which compromises the properties and performance of the battery. In this study, a quantitative method to analyze the binder distribution in the electrode during drying was established. A drying apparatus with an integrated analytic balance and surface-temperature measurement was used to prepare specimens. At specific time points during drying, specimens were removed from the apparatus, quickly frozen, and then freeze-dried. Raman spectroscopy was then used to measure the binder concentration at different points through the cross section of the freeze-dried electrode coating. Scanning electron microscopy was also used to explore the changing microstructure qualitatively. Using a model electrode formulation, the method demonstrated different binder distributions for electrodes dried at 150°C under airflow and room temperature, 20°C, with no airflow. The results also showed continued changes in distribution in the interior of the coating as drying continued. Note de contenu : - EXPERIMENTAL METHODS : Materials - Dispersion preparation and coating - Specimen preparation - Characterization - Supporting experiments
- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : Raman spectra and calibration curve - Binder distribution during dryingDOI : 10.1007/s11998-013-9509-z En ligne : https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fs11998-013-9509-z.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=20611
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Titre : Effect of shim configuration on flow dynamics and operability windows in stripe slot coating process Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Gui Hua Han, Auteur ; Si Hyung Lee, Auteur ; Won-Gi Ahn, Auteur ; Jaewook Nam, Auteur ; Hyun Wook Jung, Auteur Année de publication : 2014 Article en page(s) : p. 19-29 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Enduction par filière
Revêtements
Simulation par ordinateurIndex. décimale : 667.9 Revêtements et enduits Résumé : The slot coating method is a strong candidate for the manufacture of secondary batteries and electrodes for electronics. For the production of such devices, one may need to coat multiple lanes simultaneously which is usually done by implementing specially designed stripe shim inside the die manifold. The effects of shim configurations on the stripe-patterned coated film were analyzed in this study. We employed computational and experimental analyses to estimate flow patterns and corresponding desirable operating condition changes for uniform, converging and diverging slit channels. It was found that the slit channel shape, which is determined by the shim design, can manipulate the die-exit velocity distribution, capable of controlling edge shape of the crossflow film thickness profile. However, other than producing a uniform channel, this might decrease the scope of operability windows due to the aggravation of bead break-up near the edge of the slit channel. Note de contenu : - SIMULATION AND EXPERIMENT : Three-dimensional computation for stripe coating flows - Experimental observations for coating flows and operability windows
- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : Flow simulation within internal die region - Experiments for operability windows and coating profiles - Computational prediction of coating bead region combined with internal channelsDOI : 10.1007/s11998-013-9485-3 En ligne : https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fs11998-013-9485-3.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=20612
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Titre : Analytical prediction of roll coating with counter-rotating deformable rolls Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Bettina Willinger, Auteur ; Antonio Delgado, Auteur Année de publication : 2014 Article en page(s) : p. 31-37 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Tags : 'Revêtement au rouleau' 'Rouleau déformable' 'Ecart négatif' 'Prédiction analytique' Index. décimale : 667.9 Revêtements et enduits Résumé : Roll coating is a common technique for applying thin coating films on continuous substrates, e.g., papers and foils. Key advantages are the comparatively simple technology and the possibility of coating thin films using highly viscous fluids. Since roll coating is a self-metered process, the prediction of film thicknesses is of fundamental interest for industrial process control. In the present work, a new analytical approach for the prediction of the film thickness in roll coating with deformable rolls and negative gaps is developed. This method is based on the fluid dynamic theory of lubrication approximation. The film thickness is calculated depending on the geometry of the rolls (including the elasticity of the rubber), the fluid properties of the applied film and the roll velocities. This is gained by using boundary conditions for pressure and—in contrast to former literature—for force. The quality of the predicted results is validated with experimental data from literature. The comparison shows good agreement and thus the derived analytical model offers new possibilities for predicting film thickness and understanding of the associated influence parameters. Note de contenu : - GOVERNING EQUATIONS AND CALCULATION MODEL : Basic equations - Set-up of the calculation model - Calculation procedure and result
- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : Validation for thick rubber covers - Validation for thin rubber coversDOI : 10.1007/s11998-013-9506-2 En ligne : https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fs11998-013-9506-2.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=20613
in JOURNAL OF COATINGS TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH > Vol. 11, N° 1 (01/2014) . - p. 31-37[article]Réservation
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Titre : Visualization study of liquid surface stability for full reverse 3-roll coater with rigid gravure roll Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Hirokazu Kobayashi, Auteur ; Masato Sasaki, Auteur Année de publication : 2014 Article en page(s) : p. 39-46 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Tags : 'Rouleau de gravure' inverse' Nervures visualisation Revêtement Index. décimale : 667.9 Revêtements et enduits Résumé : Roll coating systems are widely used to coat a thin liquid layer on a moving substrate, and many publications discussing forward roll coating systems and reverse gap control coating systems are available. Recently, thinner and more uniform layers are required for use with the high-performance solutions involved. Moreover, high line speed coating is also required in order to reduce manufacturing costs. A reverse gravure roll system can coat a thin layer film at high line speed more easily than a flat roll coating system because only the liquid that enters the gravure cell is transferred to the next roll or substrate. However, the existence of the gravure cell complicates the flow between the rolls. To our knowledge, no systematic study in the literature has explored this condition in depth. In the present study, the flow between a reverse deformable roll and a solid stainless steel gravure roll is visualized in order to determine how the uniformity of coating in the high roll speed region is affected by operating parameters, that is, the speed ratio between the rolls and the properties of the coating liquid. The range for coating uniformity is compared with the case of a gap control system. The results show that the stable region can be extended by using the reverse gravure roll system. DOI : 10.1007/s11998-013-9500-8 En ligne : https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fs11998-013-9500-8.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=20614
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Titre : Effect of sloped die lip geometry on the operability window in slot coating flows using viscocapillary and two-dimensional models Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Si Hyung Lee, Auteur ; See Jo Kim, Auteur ; Jaewook Nam, Auteur ; Hyun Wook Jung, Auteur ; Jae Chun Hyun, Auteur Année de publication : 2014 Article en page(s) : p. 47-55 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Enduction par filière
RevêtementsTags : 'Buse à lèvres' 'Vortex en amont' aval' 'Fenêtre inclinée' 'Modèle de Navier-Stokes' Visco-capillaire' Revêtement Index. décimale : 667.9 Revêtements et enduits Résumé : As an indicator for determining the operability window in slot coating flow, the viscocapillary model considering various configurations of upstream and downstream slot die lips was tested and compared with Navier–Stokes two-dimensional model. Bead pressure and sloped lip angle conditions for uniform coating operation demarcated from leaking and bead break-up defects were quantitatively predicted from the position of upstream meniscus from both models. By comparing the results, it is confirmed that the viscocapillary model for many kinds of sloped die lips could predict the operability window accurately. It is also found that there exists vortex or recirculation regimes inside upstream and downstream coating bead regions, depending on the angles of sloped die lips, even for the stable coating flow. The flow control by die lip structure will be usefully applied to design the strategy for the reliable and optimal coating process, including vortex-free windows. Note de contenu : - GOVERNING EQUATIONS FOR COATING BEAD FLOW : Viscocapillary model considering the sloped die configuration - Calculation of 2-D coating bead flow DOI : 10.1007/s11998-013-9504-4 En ligne : https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fs11998-013-9504-4.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=20615
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Titre : Slot die coating of lithium-ion battery electrodes : investigations on edge effect issues for stripe and pattern coatings Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Marcel Schmitt, Auteur ; Philip Scharfer, Auteur ; Wilhelm Schabel, Auteur Année de publication : 2014 Article en page(s) : p. 57-63 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Accumulateurs lithium-ion
Enduction au rouleau
Enduction par filière
RevêtementsIndex. décimale : 667.9 Revêtements et enduits Résumé : An important step in the production of lithium-ion batteries is the coating of electrodes onto conducting foils. The most frequently used coating method in industry is slot die coating. This process allows the reproducible preparation of thin functional films at high velocities. A phenomenon that is often neglected in scientific studies and has attracted little attention, compared to film stability, is the inevitable presence of edge effects. Film elevations appear at the coating edges and at the start of each single patch during intermittent coating. These superelevations will cause problems at the downstream cell-assembling steps. In this study the influence of dynamic and geometric coating parameters on the shaping of coating edge effects was investigated. A quantitative measurement technique for edge profiles was developed and implemented. Film stretching has been identified in literature as a main reason for edge effects. We could show that varying the coating speed and the gap ratio did not lead to ideal edges, but affected the shape of the coating edges. The elevation height appeared to be independent from the varied process parameters, in the range of investigation. Also the gradient at the very edge of the film was not affected by these parameters. Only the edge width showed a disproportionately increasing trend towards higher applied gap ratios. The results indicate that the approach of film stretching is not sufficient to fully describe the cause of superelevations in lithium-ion battery coatings. DOI : 10.1007/s11998-013-9498-y En ligne : https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fs11998-013-9498-y.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=20616
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Titre : Liquid film coating of small molecule OLEDs Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Katharina Peters, Auteur ; Lukas Wengeler, Auteur ; Philip Scharfer, Auteur ; Wilhelm Schabel, Auteur Année de publication : 2014 Article en page(s) : p. 75-81 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Démouillage (chimie des surfaces)
Diodes électroluminescentes
Enduction par filière
Lame d'enduction
Molécules
Revêtements
Tension superficielle
ViscositéIndex. décimale : 667.9 Revêtements et enduits Résumé : Organic small molecules typically deposited by vacuum deposition are a promising material for efficient, low-cost, area light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). In this article we discuss methods to apply these materials by solvent-based large area coating methods. As a basis for the technical description of the coating and wetting process, we present material properties, such as viscosity and surface tension of SMOLED solutions and polar and disperse part for the surface energy of typical substrates or semiconducting organic layers. Whereas SM content has little effect on the ink properties, impurities were identified as an important factor for the wetting behavior. Based on the material properties and coating experiments with SMOLED solutions, the coating methods of blade and slot die coating are discussed with respect to film thickness and stability. We found that the film thickness of knife-coated films does depend on velocity, temperature, provided fluid volume, and composition. Calibration curves for commercial materials (NMP and Spiro-MeOTAD) are given. The stability of slot die coating was lower than expected from literature. However, homogeneous SMOLED layers could be produced by slot die coating at gap-to-film-thickness ratios of up to 50. Note de contenu : - EXPERIMENTAL : Materials - Methods
- MATERIALS PROPERTIES
- LIQUID FILM COATING OF SMALL MOLECULE SINGLE LAYERS : Self-metering method : knife coating - Pre-metered method : slot die coatingDOI : 10.1007/s11998-013-9515-1 En ligne : https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fs11998-013-9515-1.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=20618
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Titre : A simulation model to approximate penetration of a non-newtonian fluid into a porous media during slot die coating Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Xiaoyu Ding, Auteur ; Thomas F. Fuller, Auteur ; Tequila A. L. Harris, Auteur Année de publication : 2014 Article en page(s) : p. 83-87 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Enduction par filière
Fluides non newtoniens
Matériaux poreux
RevêtementsIndex. décimale : 667.9 Revêtements et enduits Résumé : A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model has been developed to predict the penetration depth of a non-Newtonian fluid as it is directly coated onto porous media by a slot die coating process. The model couples 1-D modified Blake–Kozeny equations and Navier–Stokes equations. Experiments of coating a non-Newtonian solution (black strap molasses) onto carbon paper (Toray 090) are conducted and the penetration depths are measured to validate the model. Preliminary results show that predicted and measured penetration depths follow the same trend; that is, as the coating speed increases the penetration depth decreases. However, the simulated penetration depths are found to be one to two times higher than measured values at low coating speeds. Even so, the results are considered reasonable, due to imposed simplifications and approximations of the CFD model and errors associated with the experiments and measurements. DOI : 10.1007/s11998-013-9501-7 En ligne : https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fs11998-013-9501-7.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=20619
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Titre : The effect of solidification on the casting window after bubble entrainment Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Zakaria Y. Ahmad, Auteur ; Tequila A. L. Harris, Auteur Année de publication : 2014 Article en page(s) : p. 89-93 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Tags : 'Bulles d'air' Solifidication 'Enthalpie-Porosité' 'Volume de fluide' 'Enduction par filière' Moulage Revêtements Index. décimale : 667.9 Revêtements et enduits Résumé : The objective of this work is to investigate the feasibility of extending the velocity boundary during the slot die casting of a polymer film, by studying the dynamics of entrained bubbles as they transition from the fluid to the solid phase. The solution of interest is a relatively high viscosity non-Newtonian solution. A 2D computational fluid dynamics model, using ANSYS FLUENT 13.0 software, was developed to analyze this behavior. The volume of fluid method and enthalpy–porosity technique were used to track the air (i.e., entrained bubbles) and fluid phases and the solidification of the solution, respectively. It has been found that for this class of solution, bubbles that are entrained in the fluid phase will not diffuse out of the fluid due to the stresses formed during solidification. Thus, for relatively high viscosity non-Newtonian solution, the upper boundary of the casting window cannot be extended after a defect has originated in the film during the casting process. DOI : 10.1007/s11998-013-9502-6 En ligne : https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fs11998-013-9502-6.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=20620
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Titre : Wetting behavior of the shear thinning power law fluids Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Sima Didari, Auteur ; Zakaria Y. Ahmad, Auteur ; James D. Veldhorst, Auteur ; Tequila A. L. Harris, Auteur Année de publication : 2014 Article en page(s) : p. 95-102 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Angle de contact
Cisaillement (mécanique)
Enduction par filière
Fluides, Mécanique des
Mouillage (chimie des surfaces)
RhéologieIndex. décimale : 667.9 Revêtements et enduits Résumé : The knowledge of the wetting characteristics of a coating solution is a prerequisite of assuring the final quality of thin films manufactured by the slot die coating process. Because the maximum coating speed is limited by defects, such as air entrainment, which are directly related to film quality, an understanding of the coating limits is critical. Despite the existence of a vast body of literature to understand the occurrence of defects and the coating limits to produce defect-free films, the mechanism of air entrainment is still not well understood, especially for various classes of solutions. In this study, the shape of the upstream meniscus of a mildly shear thinning non-Newtonian coating bead has been studied both numerically and experimentally and subsequently linked to the air entrainment threshold. It has been found that the dynamic contact angle reaches its maximum value at the air entrainment threshold, primarily as a function of the capillary number. In addition, this work suggests that the onset of the dripping and air entrainment boundaries of solutions that follow the power law can be predicted based on the dynamic contact angle as a function of the consistency and power law indices. DOI : 10.1007/s11998-013-9503-5 En ligne : https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fs11998-013-9503-5.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=20621
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Titre : Spreading of emulsions on a solid substrate Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : A. Mohammad Karim, Auteur ; H. Pirouz Kavehpour, Auteur Année de publication : 2014 Article en page(s) : p. 103-108 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Angle de contact
Bulles
Dispersions et suspensions
Emulsions
Huile de silicone
Huiles et graisses
Mouillabilité
VerreIndex. décimale : 667.9 Revêtements et enduits Résumé : The wettability of emulsions is a prominent factor with a broad impact on an extensive variety of industrial applications ranging from the petroleum to the cosmetic industries. Surprisingly, there is no comprehensive study of emulsion spreading to date. In this work, the spreading of water/silicone oil emulsions on glass substrates was investigated. The emulsions were prepared with varying volume fractions of water dispersed in silicone oil, with addition of small amounts of surfactant to stabilize the emulsion structure. The time-dependent variation of dynamic contact angle, base diameter, and the spreading rate of the emulsion droplets were studied. The effect of water/silicone oil weight percentage as well as the droplet size and dispersed phase bubble size were also investigated. The weight percentage of water/silicone oil emulsion and droplet size did not have a significant impact on the spreading dynamics; however, the dispersed phase bubble size affected the spreading dynamics substantially. The coarsening of the dispersed phase bubbles was the key factor in the distinct spreading behavior of emulsions compared to pure liquids. DOI : 10.1007/s11998-013-9510-6 En ligne : https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fs11998-013-9510-6.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=20622
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