Diagnosis, prevention and treatment of fatty spew in the tannery / Ricardo A. Tournier in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CX, N° 8 (08/2015)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. CX, N° 8 (08/2015) . - p. 260-276 Titre : Diagnosis, prevention and treatment of fatty spew in the tannery Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Ricardo A. Tournier, Auteur Année de publication : 2015 Article en page(s) : p. 260-276 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Cuirs et peaux -- Défauts Repousses grasses Index. décimale : 675.2 Préparation du cuir naturel. Tannage Résumé : A comprehensive review of the possible causes and mechanisms of fatty spew formation is presented, together with a guide to remedial treatments for the defect. Best practices and trouble-shooting guidelines are provided that can be used for the prevention and systematic treatment of fatty spew on the tannery floor. The free fatty acid content of individual leathers can be used for routine assessment of the risk of spew events occurring at any stage of production, as well as the likelihood of fatty spew forming in crust and finished leather. A systematic approach to grading leathers according to their free fatty acid content is presented. This method can be applied on a routine basis in a production line, and/or prior to sending customer shipments. Note de contenu : - 1. CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF FATTY SPEW : Background - TG hydrolysis - Animal fat - Fat content of raw hides - Fatliquoring materials - 2. FATTY SPEW TYPES AND FORMATION MECHANISMS : Commonest types of fatty spew - Recent research findings - 3. POSSIBLE SOURCES OF FATTY SPEW GENERATION : Raw material - Fatliquors - Lipases - Mold - Microcrystalline waxes - Other finishing auxiliaries that can give rise to fatty spew - 4. INVESTIGATION OF FATTY SPEW EVENTS ON THE TANNERY FLOOR : A. Traceability - B. Systematic guidelines for the identification of fatty spew causes (1. Confirm the fatty nature of the spew - 2. Determine the approximate melting point - 3. Analyze spewed leather samples - 4. Analyze spew samples - 5. Analyze fatliquor samples - 6. Collect data on - 7. Cause and effect analysis (CEA) - 8. Three-factor two-level experiments - 9. External laboratory - Diagnosis of probable causes - 5. FATTY SPEW PREVENTION : A. Best practices to avoid fatty spew problems at key points (1. Close inspection of incoming raw material - 2. Efficient pre-fleshing of raw hides - 3. Soaking, liming and degreasing - 4. Routine laboratory monitoring of limed pelts - 5. Deliming and degreasing - 6. Routing laboratory monitoring of wet blue hides - 7. Ensure a good level of fungicide in wet blue hides - 8. Ensure thorough neutralization before retannage - 9. Good level of fungicide in retanned and fatliquored leather - 10. Control of incoming fatliquors - 11. Do not over-acidify with formic acid in the fixation - 13. Proceed to dry out leather without delay - 14. In drying steps, cool hides before piling them - 15. Routinely determine total fat content (percentage) in crust samples) - B. Monitoring fatliquors to prevent fatty spew - Schindler method - Oleoquim method - 6. EARLY DETECTION PROCEDURES : A. Free fatty acids (FFA) - Cold chambers - Fat and FFA - Fat bleeding test - Modified method - 7. FATTY SPEW MITIGATION : Remedial treatment for spewed leather En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/11junLDmbArchpL_qAKT3vWYjw6uNYbKf/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=24387 [article]

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Fat chance in LEATHER INTERNATIONAL, Vol. 216, N° 4845 (10/2014)  

[article]  inLEATHER INTERNATIONAL > Vol. 216, N° 4845 (10/2014) . - p. 46-48 Titre : Fat chance Type de document : texte imprimé Année de publication : 2014 Article en page(s) : p. 46-48 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Acides gras Cires Cuirs et peaux -- Analyse Cuirs et peaux de chèvres Cuirs et peaux de moutons Echantillonnage Huiles et graisses Repousses grasses Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : Fatty spew is attributed to the secretion of solid fatty compounds from leather. It can be caused by the natural fat present in the leather or by fatty compounds that have been incorporated into the leather during the oiling process. So it is better to use special synthetic oil that has a minimal tendency to form fatty spew or to use ails of a high iodine value. This means that there would be less chance of spew in the case of application of fat liquor, and one should also try to tackle the problems before processing wet-blue by using a strong emulsifying agent to avoid spew formation due to natural fat. On the other hand, it will also be beneficial because a variety of problems are caused by insufficient removal of natural grease such as bad odeur, poor preservation and a lack of inner softness. High amounts of natural fat due to poor degreasing or the presence of fat liquors with high amount of naturel oils (unsaturated fats) have a negative affect and can form significant levels of chromium VI. synthetic fats are favourable. Note de contenu : - Table 1 : Analysis of the leather samples from the goatskin - Table 2 : Analysis of the leather samples from the sheepskin - Fig. 1 : Infrared spectroscopy of fat content - Fig. 2 : Determination of fatty spew En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/13luBnxjtiaZzBBvvqSyYePqrFuLaPXBm/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=22706 [article]

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