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An analytical method for determining formates in chrome recycling liquors / Elton L. Hurlow in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 72 (Année 1988)
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Titre : An analytical method for determining formates in chrome recycling liquors Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Elton L. Hurlow, Auteur Année de publication : 1988 Article en page(s) : p. 19-26 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : Recycled chrome tanning liquors containing formate as masking agent have to be accurately fortified betweencycles to ensure consistent results. Up to now, residual formate concentrations have been guessed at because there has been no easy, quantitative assay for formate insuch recycle liquors.This work derives a suitable gas chromatographic method which measures formate directly using thermal conductivity detection.
Temperature and pH are shown to affect the elution profile and it was found best to separate formate on a poropak N column from a filtered (0.45 µm) solution at a pH>2 and oven temperature of 160°C. Unknown formate concentrations are read off directly from a linear, standardised graph. The measurements were shown to be quantitative and the method easy to perform.En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1mdYr5eD-yXPqRlFiPXeptJK06OR0ww97/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=9090
in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC) > Vol. 72 (Année 1988) . - p. 19-26[article]Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 007134 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible
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Titre : An appreciation of rollercoating Type de document : texte imprimé Année de publication : 2005 Article en page(s) : p. 37-41 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Cuirs et peaux -- Finition
Enduction au rouleauIndex. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : The technology of finishing leather by rollercoating has now been under development for some thirty years, having originally been transferred from industries coating rigid, board-like materials. The huge advantage of rollercoating over spraying of finishing pigments, oils and lacquers is in economy of application—a rollercoater only applies the finish to the leather surface, and virtually none is lost or wasted. The continuous development of machinery and finishing chemicals now enables us to use rollercoaters to finish the softest, thinnest leathers produced, both in 'synchro' and 'reverse' coating, for impregnation, base pigment coating, design printing and final lacquering ; in fact, we are now at the point of being able to carry out all these operations with a single, multi-purpose machine.
Let us briefly review the basic principles of rollercoating machinery as used in the leather industry. Pigment, oil or lacquer is applied to a rotating cylinder with an engraved pattern that can `carry' a thin film of the material. Excess material is wiped from the engraved surface by an angled sprung doctor blade, which also serves to form a small reservoir of material against the rotating cylinder. The coating material is pumped to this reservoir, normally by a pneumatic diaphragm pump, and overflows via weirs and catchment trays at each end back to the material container. Leather is carried beneath the engraved cylinder by a rubber roller or a rubber conveyor belt, so positioned as to give a very small clearance beneath the engraved cylinder. When the leather passes through this 'nip' point, material is transferred from the surface of the engraved cylinder onto the surface of the leather.Note de contenu : - Coping with soft leathers
- Sophisticated accuracy
- Fig. 1 : A multi-purpose synchro and reverse rollercoater for sides and skins
- Fig. 2 : Synchro coating
- Fig. 3 : Synchro coater with three engraved rollers in rotary turnet
- Fig. 4 : Engraving pattern of a synchro coating roller
- Fig. 5 : Reverse coating
- Fig. 6 : Original engraving pattern of a reverse coating roller
- Fig. 7 : A whole hide reverse rollercoater
- Fig. 8 : Introduction conveyor unit, withdrawn from reverse rollercoater
- Fig. 9 : Engraving pattern of helically grooved reverse coating roller
- Fig. 10 : Three whole hide reverse rollercoaters with driers, linked into a continuous production line
- Fig. 11 : Synchro rollercoater with twelve rollers on rotary turret
- Fig. 12 : Whole hide multi-purpose rollercoater with automatic changeover from synchro to reverse coating
- Fig. 13 : Multi-purpose rollercoaterEn ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1MLiReWJAh1b7NhVzYG0QVvXvRIoaNkkn/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=32466
in WORLD LEATHER > Vol. 18, N° 4 (06-07/2005) . - p. 37-41[article]Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 006184 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible An assessment of differences between butt and belly regions of indian sheep skin / Dagnew Negasa in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CX, N° 6 (06/2015)
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Titre : An assessment of differences between butt and belly regions of indian sheep skin Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Dagnew Negasa, Auteur ; Punitha Velmurugan, Auteur ; Kalarical Janardhanan Sreeram, Auteur ; Jonnalagadda Raghava Rao, Auteur ; Balachandran Unni Nair, Auteur Année de publication : 2015 Article en page(s) : p. 165-176 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Cuirs et peaux -- Analyse
Cuirs et peaux de moutons
Peau -- HistologieIndex. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : Skins and hides undergo changes in biochemical and biophysical properties during the leather processing. Biochemical composi-tion varies with respect to different portions of the skin like butt, belly, shank, and neck. Belly part looseness is the main problem in leather making from sheepskin. To address this issue, the present work focuses on analysis of histology and biochemical prop-erties of butt and belly portion of sheepskin from the southern part of India. Globular proteins are relatively higher in the butt portion than the belly, whereas it is reverse in the case of fibrous proteins except collagen. Interestingly, the presence of proteo-glycans content in butt regions is significantly high compared to belly and in case of fat content it is reverse. Acid soluble colla-gen contribution is higher in butt region than belly and vice-versa in the case of pepsin soluble collagen. In general, collagen con-tent is significantly higher in butt than belly, which may be the major cause for the higher strength characteristics of butt regions. Cr2O3 content is higher in butt region than belly, which corroborates with protein content and its interaction with tanning agents. Distribution of pore size influences the breathability property of leather, which has been altered in all the unit operations. Scan-ning electron microscopy study reveals the morphology of the grain and cross-section of the skin changes during leather pro-cessing. Thus, this study aids in better understanding of the butt and belly regions of Indian sheepskin. Note de contenu : - EXPERIMENTAL : Materials - Sample preparation - Non-collagenous proteins analysis - Fat content and chromic oxide content analysis - Thermal stability determination and pore size distribution - Collagen extraction and analysis - Conformational analysis - Scanning electron microscopic analysis - Histological examination
- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : Non-collagenous protein analysis - Fat content analysis - Thermal stability - Pore size distribution - Chromic oxide content analysis - Determination of collagen content - Scanning electron analysis - Histological examinationEn ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/193mZgED0wKCjT-NWI09j55OhjbuB5McX/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=24231
in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. CX, N° 6 (06/2015) . - p. 165-176[article]Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 17260 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible An effective way to prepare high performance biomass-based fatliquoring agent - Bromination modification of rapeseed oil and its fatliquoring and flame-retardant properties / Tao Luo in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CXVIII, N° 8 (08/2023)
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Titre : An effective way to prepare high performance biomass-based fatliquoring agent - Bromination modification of rapeseed oil and its fatliquoring and flame-retardant properties Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Tao Luo, Auteur ; Xu Zhang, Auteur ; Biyu Peng, Auteur ; Chunxiao Zhang, Auteur ; Sadaqat Ali Chattha, Auteur Année de publication : 2023 Article en page(s) : p. 346-353 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Absorption
Analyse sensorielle
Biomasse
BromationSubstitution dans une molécule d'un atome d'hydrogène par un atome de brome.
Combustion
Croûte (cuir)On entend par "cuir en croûte" des cuirs ayant subi les opérations jusqu'au tannage, à l'exclusion de toute opération de corroyage ou de finissage, mais qui, par opposition aux wet-blue ont été séchés.
Cuirs et peaux -- Analyse
Douceur (toucher)
Essais accélérés (technologie)
Essais de résilience
Fourier, Spectroscopie infrarouge à transformée de
Huile de colza
IgnifugeantsComposé chimique utilisé pour réduire l'inflammabilité. Il peut être incorporé au produit durant sa fabrication ou appliqué ultérieurement à sa surface.
Produits de nourriture du cuirIndex. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : With the implementation of Carbon Neutralization strategy, it is urgently needed to develop low-carbon leather chemicals through replacing petrochemicals with biomass-based raw materials in leather industry. To solve the problems existing in the leather fatliquored by the biomass-based fatliquoring agents made from vegetable oils with high unsaturation, such as poor storability, unpleasant odor, yellowing and possible formation of hexavalent chromium, the strategy was put forward, improving the oil saturation through the double bonds addition reaction with halogen to solve the abovementioned problems resulting from the poor oxidation resistance of oil, and increase the binding ability of the oil with leather fibers and endow the leather with flame-retardant simultaneously. In this paper, the methods of modified rapeseed oil by bromine addition and its fatliquoring and flame-retardant properties were studied. The results showed that the bromine addition reaction of rapeseed oil was easy to proceed and the iodine value of the modified oil decreased almost linearly with the added amount of bromine. The binding and antioxidant properties of the oil and the physical properties of the fatliquored leather were significantly improved with the increase degree of bromination modification. Furthermore, above mentioned unpleasant odor, yellowing and hexavalent chromium formation problems were effectively solved when the iodine value of modified fatliquors was reduced to 31 g I2/100 g. Additionally, brominemodified rapeseed oil could endow leather with good flame-retardant properties and the fatliquored leather was changed from combustible to flame-retardant material with the increasing amount of bromine in the oil. The limit oxygen index (LOI) increased from 24% to 31%, the flame combustion time decreased from 127.0 s to 4.3 s, and the flameless combustion time decreased from 28.5 s to 0.0 s. This study provided an effective way to develop biomass-based and low-carbon fatliquors based on natural unsaturated oils. Note de contenu : - MATERIALS AND METHODS : Materials - Bromination modification of rapessed oil - Preparation of leather fatliquoring agent - Application of fatliquors in the fatliquoring process - Determination of the iodine value of oils - Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) of oils - Absorption rate of fatliquors - Distribution of Br element and collagen fibers - Binding ability of modified oils with leather fibers - Limiting oxygen index (LOI) test of crust leather - Vertical combustion test of crust leather - Ageing test of crust leather - Odor level evaluation of crust leather - Yellowing resistance property of crust leather - Softness and physical properties of crust leather
- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : Preparation and characterization of bromine-modified rapessed oil - Absorption rate of oil and its distribution in leather - Effect of rapessed oil modification degree on the properties of fatliquored leather
- Table 1 : Absorption rate of fatliquors
- Table 2 : Oil extraction test results
- Table 3 : Leather vertical combustion test results
- Table 4 : Leather softness test resultsDOI : https://doi.org/10.34314/jalca.v118i8.8092 En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/12reqFQXSFwDRWiNVXr_pFHQVWb2biTpR/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=39674
in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. CXVIII, N° 8 (08/2023) . - p. 346-353[article]Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 24134 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible An energy approach to the characterisation of the fracture resistance of leather / Cheng-Kung Liu in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. XCII, N° 5 (05/1997)
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Titre : An energy approach to the characterisation of the fracture resistance of leather Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Cheng-Kung Liu, Auteur ; Michael D. Mcclintick, Auteur Année de publication : 1997 Article en page(s) : p. 103-118 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : The fracture resistance of chrome-tanned bovine hides was quantitatively characterized by measuring the total energy required to break the leather. This physical quantity named fracture energy is observed to more truthfully represent the fracture resistance of leather than the tensile strength or breaking elongation. Three major independent variables, moisture content, strain rate, and sampling angle were arranged according to Box Hunter's experimental design matrix, thereby deriving a second order polynomial equation. The statistical model so obtained concisely expressed the relationship between the variables and corresponding fracture resistance. The results showed that water acting as a plasticizer enhances the fracture resistance of leather. However, fracture energy started to decrease once the moisture content increased to around 90%. Contrary to its effect on tensile strength, the sampling angle has shown little effect on the fracture energy of leather. The effect of strain rates on fracture energy is not straightforward. The fracture energy at first decreases then increases with increasing strain rates. The ratio of tensile strength of Young's modulus was used to represent the toughness of leather. This parameter is dimensionless, independent of the geometric shape of the leather samples. A correlation was observed between this parameter and fracture energy. En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/145d8ZUpXvdWiouUdTVcxsf2uiTzkSgjM/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=7674
in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. XCII, N° 5 (05/1997) . - p. 103-118[article]Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 006956 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible An environmentally friendly leather-making process based on silica chemistry / Yuansen Liu in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CV, N° 3 (03/2010)
PermalinkAn examination of antimicrobial activity of lining leathers fatliquored with essential oils / Elzbieta Bielak in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CXI, N° 6 (06/2016)
PermalinkAn examination of inactivation efficacy of NaCl and boric acid on bacteria isolated from salted hides / Meral Birbir in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CVIII, N° 5 (05/2013)
PermalinkAn examination of several chrome tannages and their effect on chrome exhaustion / Vetaut Goniprow in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. LXXIV (Année 1979)
PermalinkAn experimental comparative study of the effect of skin type on the stability of vegetable leather under acidic condition / Alireza Koochakzaei in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CXIII, N° 11 (11/2018)
PermalinkAn experimental comparative study on silicone oil and polyethylene glycol as dry leather treatments / Alireza Koochakzaei in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CXI, N° 10 (10/2016)
PermalinkAn imaginary journey to the collagen molecule for a better understanding of leather wast treatments / Jaime Cot in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. XCIX, N° 8 (08/2004)
PermalinkAn improved method for accurately determining total content of four fungicides (TCMTB, OIT, OPP and PCMC) / Xuan Lei in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CXVIII, N° 3 (03/2023)
PermalinkAn insight into artisanal leather making in Ghana / Miriam Appiah-Brempong in JOURNAL OF LEATHER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING, Vol. 2 (Année 2020)
PermalinkAn integrated eco-friendly tanning method for the manufacture of upper leathers from goatskins / Subramanian Saravanabhavan in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 87, N° 4 (07-08/2003)
PermalinkAn investigation of acetaldehyde release from leather introduced by chemicals / Chen yong in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 106, N° 4 (07-08/2022)
PermalinkAn investigation of titanium (III) as a tanning agent / Anthony D. Covington in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 82, N° 2 (03-04/1998)
PermalinkAn optimization study of the graft polymerization of HEMA onto leather / R. A. Masoud in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 87, N° 4 (07-08/2003)
PermalinkAn organic approach for wet white garment leathers / Marimuthu Pradeep Kumar in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CIV, N° 3 (03/2009)
PermalinkAn overview of testing of leather for flame/glow retardance / Kadir Dönmez in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. LXXXVI, N° 3 (03/1991)
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