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Epoxy/Flax fiber prepregs : Properties and applications / J. Van Raemdonck in SAMPE JOURNAL, Vol. 44, N° 3 (05-06/2008)  

[article]  inSAMPE JOURNAL > Vol. 44, N° 3 (05-06/2008) . - p. 6-13 Titre : Epoxy/Flax fiber prepregs : Properties and applications Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : J. Van Raemdonck, Auteur ; Joris van Acker, Auteur ; N. Defoirdt, Auteur ; H. McKee, Auteur Année de publication : 2008 Article en page(s) : p. 6-13 Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Composites à fibres végétales Lin et constituants Le lin cultivé (Linum usitatissimum) est une plante annuelle de la famille des Linaceae cultivée principalement pour ses fibres, mais aussi pour ses graines oléagineuses. Les fibres du lin permettent de faire des cordes, du tissu (lin textile pour ses qualités anallergiques, isolantes et thermorégulateurs), ou plus récemment des charges isolantes pour des matériaux de construction. Les graines sont utilisées pour produire de l'huile de lin pour l'industrie de l'encre et de la peinture, pour la consommation humaine et animale, à cause de sa richesse en oméga 3. Le lin est une des rares fibres textiles végétales européennes. Elle a comme caractéristiques la légereté, la rigidité et la résistance et comme particularité d'être une fibre longue (plusieurs dizaines de centimètres), par rapport aux fibres courtes (coton, chanvre) ou moyennes (laine). Matériaux -- Imprégnation Index. décimale : 668.4 Plastiques, vinyles Résumé : In applications as composites flax fibers offer several advantages over man-made fibers due to their renewable origin, low production energy requirements, biodegradability and thermal recyclability by combustion. Particularly attracting in the low density of flax fibers that lead to high specific mechanical properties. Flax fibers are considered having the best potential, due to their good mechanical properties, for making stiff and lightweight composite structures compared to other natural fibers. In a composite the efficiency of the fiber reinforcement depends chiefly on the capacity to transfer the applied stress from matrix to the fibers. The very complicated properties of the interface of flax fibers still prevent from achieving this goal. In the literature a range of chemical treatments and manipulations is presented which make use of natural fibers complicated and expensive. In this work flax fiber epoxy prepreg are presented which are based on unidirectional fibers and fabrics produced in an inline technology which makes economic affordable. This article also presents some mechanical, water absorption behavior and biological resistance data on composites made out of flax epoxy. Furthermore, comparisons are provided on the mechanical properties of tubes constructed with differeen materials based on carbon, carbon-flax, flax and aluminium. Note de contenu : - MATERIALS AND METHODS : Industrial production of prepregs - Basidiomycete testing - Mechanical testing of flax fabric epoxy composites - Dimensional stability - RESULTS : Industrial production of prepregs - Dynamic vapor sorption (DVS) - Basidiomycete testing - Mechanical testing of flax fabric epoxy composites En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1E0ufw5GiPA3WqkMipcHUagC8vbXX09mY/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=23323 [article]

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Mechanical and physical evaluation of new carbon fibre/peek composites for space applications / J. P. Kilroy in SAMPE JOURNAL, Vol. 44, N° 3 (05-06/2008)  

[article]  inSAMPE JOURNAL > Vol. 44, N° 3 (05-06/2008) . - p. 22-34 Titre : Mechanical and physical evaluation of new carbon fibre/peek composites for space applications Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : J. P. Kilroy, Auteur ; C. M. O' Brádaigh, Auteur ; C. O. A. Semprimoschnig, Auteur Année de publication : 2008 Article en page(s) : p. 22-34 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Index. décimale : 668.4 Plastiques, vinyles Résumé : The European Space Agency is currently examining various composite systems for the fabrication fot the large composite structures like the liquid hydrogen tanks for Re-usable Lanch Vehicles (RLVs). In this body of work, the suitability of carbon fibre/PEEK, a high performance thermoplastic composite, was examined for space applications. A new form of carbon fibre/PEEK pre-impregnated tape is now industrially available with mechanical properties expected to equal or surpass those of existing suppliers. The main aim of this project was to thermomechanically characterise the new form of carbon fibre/PEEK for space applications under pressure formed autoclaved conditions, and to compare against properties achieved using the most suitable out of autoclave technology for large space structures. Thermoplastic in-situ automated tape placement (ATP) was chosen as the out autoclave technique having most potential for the fabrication of large composite structures. Comprehensive mechanical testing was carried out on the carbon fibre/PEEK materials processed in order to compare the ATP mechanical properties versus the baseline autoclave properties. Laminates were manufactured using both manufacturing techniques to encompass the lay-ups that are commonly used in the aerospace industry; 0°, 0°/90°, ±45°, and quasi-isotropic configurations. Tests carried out on the materials included; tensile, compression, flexure, in-plane-shear and interlaminar shear. In order to simulate the temperature differentials present in a space environment, tests were carried out at incremental temperatures over the range of -70°C to 250°C. To simulate the affect of impact from space debris, compression after impact tests were carried out on the material. G(IC) and G(IIC) tests were carried out in order to characterise the fracture toughness of the carbon fiber/PEEK. Moisture uptake, which can contaminate and degrade space structures when in the presence of space vacuum was also analysed for both materials. Qualitative tests which were carried out following material processing included fibre volume fraction and DSC analysis. Ultimately, there may be a need to bond large composite sections together for RLV tanks. PEEK is a excellent hot melt adhesive and various donding procedures have been developed to take advantage of this. Two of these are; resistance welding using metal mesh and amorphous interlayer bonding PEI film. Laminates were bonded using both prodedures and parameters were varied in an effort to establish the optimum method of bonding for the material. Following a trade-off study between the techniques, the bonding procedure of most promise was down-selected and full scale temperature testing followed. Note de contenu : - Manufacturing of laminates - Physical testing and results - Mechanical testing and results - Bonding trade-off study En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1vnVdKV3NxBpefv0p3LSebce0uhQxvHSj/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=23324 [article]

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Development of cryogenic composite over-wrapped pressure vessels (COPV's) / T. DeLay in SAMPE JOURNAL, Vol. 44, N° 3 (05-06/2008)  

[article]  inSAMPE JOURNAL > Vol. 44, N° 3 (05-06/2008) . - p. 44-51 Titre : Development of cryogenic composite over-wrapped pressure vessels (COPV's) Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : T. DeLay, Auteur ; J. Patterson, Auteur ; J. Noorda, Auteur ; J. Schneider, Auteur Année de publication : 2008 Article en page(s) : p. 44-51 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Index. décimale : 668.4 Plastiques, vinyles Résumé : The meet the design goals for the NASA's new vehicles, the use of new high strength to weight ratio composite systems are being explored. NASA's new ARES-1 vehicle concept will utilize an upper stage common bulk-head liquid oxygen (LOX)/liquid hydrogen (LH2) design which requires 31.4 MPa gaseous helium (GHe) pressure vessels to be located inside the LH2 tank. In addition to this application, similar needs emerging for cryogenic fuel storage tanks for commercial launch business and for transportation of liquefield natural gas and LH2. In all of these applications it is important to know the performance of the candidate at cryogenic temperatures to realize weight saving and to ensure safety and reliability. This document summarizes the results of a multi-year collaborative effort to develop material selection guidelines and evaluate cryogenic performance of composite over-wrapped pressure vessels (COPVs). This effort involved the simultaneous development and evaluation of materials, test methods, and than design. As part of this study, material tests of candidate fiber and rein systems have been used as the basis for the selection of the material combinations for evaluation in a COPV at cryogenic conditions. The comprehensive approach has also been expanded to adress issues with impact damage tolerance and material degradation due to environmental factors. Note de contenu : - Material selection and resin formulation - COPV fabrication - COPV pressurization tests En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1TrbflYJUw_cM8LsBtEVkbC-mOnO5jdEJ/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=23344 [article]

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Natural fibers : Nature providing technology for composites / Scott W. Beckwith in SAMPE JOURNAL, Vol. 44, N° 3 (05-06/2008)  

[article]  inSAMPE JOURNAL > Vol. 44, N° 3 (05-06/2008) . - p. 64-65 Titre : Natural fibers : Nature providing technology for composites Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Scott W. Beckwith, Auteur Année de publication : 2008 Article en page(s) : p. 64-65 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Fibres végétales Index. décimale : 668.4 Plastiques, vinyles Résumé : Natural fibers are rapidly emerging in composites applications where glass fibers (predominantly E- glass) have been traditionally used. This is particularly true within the automotive and construction industries. These natural fibers provide several benefits: low cost, “green” availability, lower densities, recyclable, biodegradable, moderate mechanical properties, abundant. Their uses have found entry into booth the thermoset and thermoplastic composites market places. Industries are rapidly learning how to effectively process these natural resources and use them in numerous composites applications. Typically they are used with well-recognized thermoset resin families: polyesters, vinyl esters and epoxies. Thermoplastics resin matrices also are those commonly seen within the commercial markets: polypropylene, low density polyethylene (LDPE), high density polyethylene (HDPE), polystyrene, Nylon 6 and Nylon 6,6 systems. Soy-based resin systems also are coming into vogue in some applications as we learn more about its chemistry and processing. Natural fiber systems tend to fall into several categories as noted in Table 1, with the most commonly used ones noted in bold type. Note de contenu : Table 1 : Natural fiber types and general families Table 2 : A few typical mechanical and physical properties of natural fibers compared to their commercial and aerospace counterparts En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1ZsYQIIVUDIOQBjO0ievhSe-jfUFh-N53/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : PDF Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=23345 [article]

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Fiber treatments for hemp fiber using pultrusion / E. Lackey in SAMPE JOURNAL, Vol. 44, N° 3 (05-06/2008)  

[article]  inSAMPE JOURNAL > Vol. 44, N° 3 (05-06/2008) . - p. 67-77 Titre : Fiber treatments for hemp fiber using pultrusion Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : E. Lackey, Auteur ; K. Inamdar, Auteur ; J. Vaughan, Auteur ; J. O'Haver, Auteur Année de publication : 2008 Article en page(s) : p. 67-77 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Chanvre et constituants Le chanvre ou chanvrier (Cannabis sativa L.) est la seule espèce du genre botanique Cannabis. Ce terme latin est souvent utilisé aussi comme nom vernaculaire pour distinguer les variétés de chanvre cultivé à usage industriel des variétés de cannabis à usage récréatif ou médical. C'est une espèce de plante annuelle, de la famille des Cannabaceae. La graine de chanvre s'appelle le chènevis. Fibres végétales Pultrusion Traîtements de surface Index. décimale : 668.4 Plastiques, vinyles Résumé : In this research, the effectiveness of various fiber treatments and resin additives intended to improve wet-out of the hemp fiber is examined using a lab-scale pultruder. A discussion related to modifications made to the lab-scale pultruder to ensure that the lab-scale pultrusion experiments were more representative of full-scale pultrusion processing is also provided. Results from these lab-scale experiments will be utilized to select fiber treatments and/or resin additives to examine using commercial-scale pultrusion processing experiments. The ultimate goal of this research is to develop fiber treatments or resin additives that can be used in-line to improve commercial composites manufacturing processes such as pultrusion and filament winding for natural fiber reinforcements. En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1ezWOfQV1csT69aMdEb4B2J65fyfbAToQ/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=23346 [article]

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