Dépouillements

Graft polymerization VII. Novel source of reductant for graft polymerization of leather / Edward H. Harris in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. LXXV (Année 1980)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. LXXV (Année 1980) . - p. 6-15 Titre : Graft polymerization VII. Novel source of reductant for graft polymerization of leather Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Edward H. Harris, Auteur ; Helen A. Gruber, Auteur ; Maryann M. Taylor, Auteur Année de publication : 1980 Article en page(s) : p. 6-15 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : Glutaraldehyde retannage has been found to provide an in situ source of reductant in the redox couple for the free radical initiated graft polymerization of methyl methacrylate onto chrome tanned sheepskin. Persulfate ion was the oxidant used. Monomer to polymer conversion was essentially quantitative. The graft efficiency was independent of monomer and oxidant levels, as well as of the graft molecular weight, which average 79 percent. The best graft efficiencies previously found with completely external redox couples were on the order of 60 percent. Acid hydrolysis was used to isolate the grafted chains for viscosity molecular weight determination. Molecular weights of the isolated grafts increased amounts of oxidant at a give level of monomer did not bring about the expected reduction in the graft molecular weight. These results suggest that there are a limited number of reductant sites available o which the increasing levels of oxidant and monomer had no additional effect. Physical test data from these leathers showed changes from the control leathers similar to those found in previous studies. Note de contenu : - Materials and procedure - Preparation for physical testing and chemical analysis - Isolation and viscometry of the grafted polymer En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1dWUsL6jY7NjLxQeKORYP6Nuhd1_-Yhug/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=17697 [article]

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Offal enhancement / Max S. Maire in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. LXXV (Année 1980)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. LXXV (Année 1980) . - p. 16-33 Titre : Offal enhancement Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Max S. Maire, Auteur ; Valerie A. Lipsett, Auteur Année de publication : 1980 Article en page(s) : p. 16-33 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : The continuing trend of environmental regulation may soon make it impossible,legally or economically, to dispose of large quantities of tannery offals and wastes at private or municipal dump sites. Of particular concern will be those wastes containing chrome, including trim and shavings. An alternative process which could significantly reduce tannery solid wastes, could enhance the value of tannery offals, and also lead to improvements in process technology is discussed in economic terms. En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1aVP7DlEfMWqWt_--XcKDI14CwPmQBr3z/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=17715 [article]

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Factors affecting the oxidation state of chromium disposed in tannery wastes / Stephen A. J. Shivas in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. LXXV (Année 1980)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. LXXV (Année 1980) . - p. 42-48 Titre : Factors affecting the oxidation state of chromium disposed in tannery wastes Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Stephen A. J. Shivas, Auteur Année de publication : 1980 Article en page(s) : p. 42-48 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Index. décimale : 675.2 Préparation du cuir naturel. Tannage Résumé : Experiments were run to determine some of tha variables wich affect the oxidative state of chromium. The most important factor was pH. At a pH of 7 or less, in the presence of reducting substances, hexavalent chrome is reduced to trivalent chrome. As the pH is raised above 7 increased amounts of trivalent chrome are oxidized to hexavalent chrome, provided a source of oxygen is present. It is therefore recommended that chrome-containing tannery wastes not be disposed of a high pH's. En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1J92OnyCLvRylwCDZyU3SXxUMjYy2HAQQ/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=17725 [article]

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Modified processing cockle defect in sheepskins / E. H. Bitcover in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. LXXV (Année 1980)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. LXXV (Année 1980) . - p. 49-53 Titre : Modified processing cockle defect in sheepskins Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : E. H. Bitcover, Auteur ; H. J. Willard, Auteur ; A. L. Everett, Auteur Année de publication : 1980 Article en page(s) : p. 49-53 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : - Dewooling - Reliming - Bating - Pickling Note de contenu : The cause of cockle defect in domestic sheepskins has been demonstrated. It is caused by keds (melophagus ovinus), which are blood-sucking parasites that live in the wool of sheep. The defect becomes apparent only after the wool is removed during processing. It appears as a scattering of dense nodules in the grain layer of sheepskins in a characteristic pattern of distribution. Affected sheepskin leathers can be seriously downgraded, depending on the severity of the defect. In addition, cockle reduces the physical strengh of both grain and suede leathers and increases their stiffness. Our earlier studies entailed special processing to expose the cockle nodules for easier counting. When subjected to certain process modifications, however, which were suggested by a cooperating tanner, sheepskins resulted that had lower apparent cockle counts and improved appearence. This paper describes certain process modifications which were found effective in attenuating some of the grosser defects in cockled sheepskins. En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1dzw6maIQs4fQ2BYG4WXDvuXXK0EXriw8/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=17726 [article]

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Reworking of tanned cattlehide splits / Joseph. T. Hernon in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. LXXV (Année 1980)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. LXXV (Année 1980) . - p. 54-57 Titre : Reworking of tanned cattlehide splits Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Joseph. T. Hernon, Auteur Année de publication : 1980 Article en page(s) : p. 54-57 Langues : Américain (ame) Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : The high cost of cattlehide splits within the industry prompted a number of experiments designed to convert byproduct white alum tanned stock, rejected greasy colored suedes, and lower-grade kip side splits into suede with properties that would give them enhanced commercial value. This note describes these experiments. Note de contenu : - Conversion of alum tanned steerhide shoulder bottom splits - Conversion of cowhide suede splits - Water-resistant dye-fast suede leathers from kip side splits En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1nOzaIRRrbCLNY9N9L_29fnqQJj_D5I6r/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=17728 [article]

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Properties of collagens from pigskins of different ages / Keizo Wada in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. LXXV (Année 1980)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. LXXV (Année 1980) . - p. 90-99 Titre : Properties of collagens from pigskins of different ages Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Keizo Wada, Auteur ; Kunio Shirai, Auteur ; Akira Kawamura, Auteur Année de publication : 1980 Article en page(s) : p. 90-99 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : When insoluble pigskin collagen was heated in a buffer solution at 60°C for one hour, about 60 percent of it was solubilized if the collagen was from 6-month-old skin, but only 20 percent if it was from 3-year-old skin. This indicates the strong effect of age. A similar effect was observed in the case of solubilization with 2 M CaCl2 at 20°C or 1 M urea at 45°C. When the two collagens where treated with pepsin, the influence of age on solubility almost disappeared and the amount solubilized increased to more than 80 percent for both. Disc electrophoresis of the digests indicated that they consisted mainly of alpha chains, although the content of components higher than beta was somewhat greater in the 3-year-old than in the 6-month-old collagen. The fraction of alpha 1 derivatives was separated into five peaks by CM-cellulose chromatography and disc electrophoresis. Note de contenu : - EXPERIMENTAL : Source of collagen - Treatment with pepsin - Acrylamide gel disc electrophoresis - CM-cellulose chromatography - RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : Comparison of the solubilities of collagens - Influence of pepsin treatment En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1cgAYgiibtbt3ILpbLyg2-MJdoSU7FGPU/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=17729 [article]

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Pilot-plant study of flocculation of suspended solids in lime-sulfide unhairing effluents / E. H. Bitcover in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. LXXV (Année 1980)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. LXXV (Année 1980) . - p. 108-118 Titre : Pilot-plant study of flocculation of suspended solids in lime-sulfide unhairing effluents Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : E. H. Bitcover, Auteur ; J. E. Cooper, Auteur ; David G. Bailey, Auteur Année de publication : 1980 Article en page(s) : p. 108-118 Note générale : bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : We have studied that removal of suspended solids from commercial unhairing effluents by means of a pilot-plant continuous flow apparatus. effluents were obtained from tanneries which processed either fresh or salt-cured hides in paddle vats or hide processors. Approximately 80 to 85 percent of the suspended solids were removed from the effluents tested. The results subtantiate earlier laboratory studies that established the ranges of effluent compositions (pH, salt content, suspended solids, and soluble organic content) for which specific flocculation treatments are effective. Note de contenu : - Unhairing wastes - Flocculating agents - Composition variables - Analytical methods En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1DYeyr3Si9CwlyngNbbaU7PoHivAjk1FA/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=17730 [article]

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How to reduce finishing costs today / Welch in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. LXXV (Année 1980)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. LXXV (Année 1980) . - p. 69-89 Titre : How to reduce finishing costs today Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Welch, Auteur Année de publication : 1980 Article en page(s) : p. 69-89 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Index. décimale : 675.2 Préparation du cuir naturel. Tannage Résumé : Accounting teaches us that there are three main costs used to determine the manufactured cost of a product. 1. Direct labor 2. Direct material 3. Manufacturing overhead If we are to make any meaningful attack on finishing costs in the tannery, all three have to be pursued. Historically speaking, labor and material have had the greatest consideration from manufacturing personnel. For the past five years, however, manufacturing overhead has risen at as fast a rate as the other two, if not even faster. Energy, insurance of all kinds, and the cost of inventory, or if you will, money, have jumped at a fantastic rate. These costs also must be considered and segregated in any plan to reduce finishing costs. They are just too expensive to ignore any more. In my approach to the subject I have decided not to concentrate on what I consider the abvious economies that can be achieved in the finishing department. I refer to the use of heat exchangers, insulation, ect. Many of you have already instituted programs to turn off driers during breaks, turn off lights during lunch breaks, and things of this nature. I believe these are excellent because they not only save money but they condition personnel to think in terms of energy. My proposals for saving maney will be a lot more challenging and will provoke some controversy in certain instances. I will not try to list the points in their order of importance because that would vary from tanner to tanner depending on the type of leather being made, cost of labor, financial position, ect. Note de contenu : - Less finish - Premixed composite binder systems - Pigmented and clear water-extendable lacquer emulsions - The water top finish - Batch control of finish mixes En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/17PIyQpiMNEXs1xyesXbUAudH8lUSZqAS/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=17739 [article]

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Composition of complexes in glucose-reduced chrome tanning liquors and their affinity to collagen / Kazuaki Takenouchi in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. LXXV (Année 1980)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. LXXV (Année 1980) . - p. 150-166 Titre : Composition of complexes in glucose-reduced chrome tanning liquors and their affinity to collagen Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Kazuaki Takenouchi, Auteur Année de publication : 1980 Article en page(s) : p. 150-166 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Index. décimale : 675.2 Préparation du cuir naturel. Tannage Résumé : The composition of complexes in glucose-reduced chrome tanning liquors was studied. The complexes which were separated by ionexchange chromatography were characterized by their visible and infrared absorption spectra and their ratios and acidos to chromium. These properties suggested that the chrome liquors were a mixture of various complexes : sulfato, formato, sulfatoformato, oxalato, hexaaquo, and hydroxo complexes. Among these complexes, hydroxo complexes had the highest affinity to collagen. Note de contenu : - EXPERIMENTAL : Materials - Component separation and characterization - Tanning methods - Analysis of hide powder and tanning effluents - RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : Chromatographic separation of components - Characterization of components - Affinity of complexes to collagen En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1PSzcHTS8zSrSU7fQhS6C2A4RhX2kTx3T/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=17740 [article]

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Use of fluorocarbon 113 in the processing of leather / P. L. Bartlett in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. LXXV (Année 1980)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. LXXV (Année 1980) . - p. 190-199 Titre : Use of fluorocarbon 113 in the processing of leather Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : P. L. Bartlett, Auteur ; D. A. Brandreth, Auteur ; W. R. Steinacker, Auteur ; Thomas C. Thorstensen, Auteur Année de publication : 1980 Article en page(s) : p. 190-199 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : Fluorocarbon 113 (FC-113) and FC-113 blends have been investigated as processing fluids in leather manufacture. The technical feasibility of using a fluorocarbon process to produce unhaired, dried, bated, tanned, colored, and fatliquored leather has been demonstrated on a laboratory sale. As an example, raw cowhide or pigskins can be unhaired and dried to give a lightweight, stable product suitable for grading, storage, and shipment. The product can be rehydrated and tanned to give satisfactory quality leather. Recovery and recyclization of FC-113 is possible because of its high stability, low water solubility, and low latent heat of vaporization. As a result, water pollution problems may be reduced or simplified and energy and water savings realized from the use of this system in leather production. The paper outlines engineering processes for potential future use by the leather industry. Note de contenu : - Use in dyeing - Use in unhairing and drying of hides - Recovery of hair sludge - Cost estimates En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1gk4J8drpXXr2Hlt-0dw3AiBiYHSV8WS8/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=17755 [article]

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Water pollution by tannery effluent / Padmini Ramaswamy in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. LXXV (Année 1980)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. LXXV (Année 1980) . - p. 200-210 Titre : Water pollution by tannery effluent Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Padmini Ramaswamy, Auteur ; V. S. Krishnamurthy, Auteur Année de publication : 1980 Article en page(s) : p. 200-210 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Index. décimale : 675.2 Préparation du cuir naturel. Tannage Résumé : The effect of effluent contaminants on the microbial flora of tannery well waters, which were either condemned or continued to be used for various processes, was studied. The well waters recorded high bacterial count, sodium chloride content, and hardness because of their location near the effluent disposal area. Rocky beds appeared to be more conducive to heavy bacterial contamination and sodium chloride concentration than sandy beds. Statiscal analysis confirmed the above observations indicating a positive correlation for halophilic proteolytic bacteria and a negative correlation between total count and sodium chloride. Note de contenu : - EXPERIMENTAL : Collection of water samples - Bacterial counts - Culture techniques - Analysis of water samples - Statistical analysis - RESULTS : Wells in rocky areas - Wells in sandy areas - Statistical correlation of results En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1omRJXCtTDY3EzlTwshFTpwAVAe_yJQa4/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=17756 [article]

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Condensation of aromatic sulfonic acid with hydrolysates from leather wastes / K. Narasimhan in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. LXXV (Année 1980)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. LXXV (Année 1980) . - p. 211-215 Titre : Condensation of aromatic sulfonic acid with hydrolysates from leather wastes Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : K. Narasimhan, Auteur ; Praveen Kumar Sehgal, Auteur ; K. Thomas. Joseph, Auteur Année de publication : 1980 Article en page(s) : p. 211-215 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : The preparation of polypeptide surfactants by thermal condensation of protein hydrolysates derived from leather waste with aromatic sulfonic acid is described. The surfactants are potentially useful in a wide variety of applications. En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1QkJip4atFOeWWm5xlc8d54H48cxZQgPV/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=17757 [article]

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Improvement of the mass and energy balances in the tanning industry / Bernard Vulliermet in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. LXXV (Année 1980)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. LXXV (Année 1980) . - p. 233-275 Titre : Improvement of the mass and energy balances in the tanning industry Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Bernard Vulliermet, Auteur Année de publication : 1980 Article en page(s) : p. 233-275 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Index. décimale : 675.2 Préparation du cuir naturel. Tannage Résumé : After an introduction on the impact of the tanning industry on the natural environment (especially its toxic effect) this lecture discusses the interaction between the mass and energy balances in the industry. The results of the last ten years of studies performed in the Centre Technique du Cuir allow these two balances to be improved by : - Direct recycling of liming and chromium tanning floats - Recovery of keratinous protein by ultrafiltration - Recovery of fats and collagenous protein from fleshings - Production of new man-made materials from tanned wastes - Production of collagen derivatives from splits and trimmings for cosmetic and medical use - Energy savings by heat-pump-type dryers. All of these low-waste technologies and solid wastes valorization processes are now used under full-scale industrial conditions. They lower the production load on environment, reduce cost of treating the residual pollution, and improve the public image of the tanning industry, without affecting leather quality. Note de contenu : EFFLUENT MANAGEMENT : - Toxic impact of tannery effluent : Experimental results with activated sludges (The comparison of hexavalent and trivalent chromium - The case of sodium sulfide) - Acute toxicity tests - Conclusion from the toxicity tests - The recycling of residual float containing sodium sulfide and chromium salts : The direct recycling of spent lime liquor (The analysis of the problem - Process reliability - The evolution of other components) - The separation of Na2 and proteins by ultrafiltration (Tests) - Direct recycing of tanning float - CONCLUSION ON WASTE WATER MANAGEMENT SOLID WASTES MANAGEMENT : - COLLLAGEN PRODUCTS FROM LIMED SPLITS FOR COSMETICS AND MEDICAL APPLICATIONS - THE TREATMENT OF NONTANNED TANNERY WASTE (FLESHINGS AND TRIMMINGS) : Description of the waste treatment plant - Protein meal from untanne hide (Chemical composition - Tests on animals) - THE TREATMENT OF TANNED WASTE : The production of leather fiber - Production technology for DERMOMAT - Sol 300 ENERGY MANAGEMENT : - ENERGY SAVINGS IN DRYING OPERATIONS - IMPROVEMENTS IN THE ECONOMICS OF DRYING - PULSED AIR DRIERS - THE DEHUMIDIFICATION OF AIR BY HEAT PUMP DRIER : Principle of the water separation device - Advantages of the process En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1cT89oNgmDke8_lnqwix34Ft58Exm-qal/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=17769 [article]

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The effects of trivalent chromium from tannery wastes on plants / Stephen A. J. Shivas in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. LXXV (Année 1980)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. LXXV (Année 1980) . - p. 288-299 Titre : The effects of trivalent chromium from tannery wastes on plants Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Stephen A. J. Shivas, Auteur Année de publication : 1980 Article en page(s) : p. 288-299 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Index. décimale : 675.2 Préparation du cuir naturel. Tannage Résumé : Tests with geranium and rhubarb plants grown in soils to which were added varying amounts of chrome leather shavings, tannery sludge, and/or chrome from tanning liquors demonstrated that these plants can tolerate massive amounts of trivalent chromium in the soil. Large amount of chromium in the soil did not cause the plants to accumulate much chromium nor did they retard growth permanently. Note de contenu : - EXPERIMENTAL : Series A with geraniums - Series B with rhubarb - RESULTS : Series A with geraniums - Series B with rhubarb En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1mWy9Ulolv_z25qfKqiHOCxhzRcLQ3vH2/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=17770 [article]

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The effects of trivalent chromium from tannery wastes on earthworms / Stephen A. J. Shivas in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. LXXV (Année 1980)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. LXXV (Année 1980) . - p. 300-304 Titre : The effects of trivalent chromium from tannery wastes on earthworms : Technical note Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Stephen A. J. Shivas, Auteur Année de publication : 1980 Article en page(s) : p. 300-304 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Index. décimale : 675.2 Préparation du cuir naturel. Tannage Résumé : Earthworms were grown in soils to which various tannery byproducts containing chromium were added. The tannery byproducts and the chromium (Cr) contents of the experimental soil mixtures after they were added were as follows : blue shavings 670 ppm, tannery sludge 1,835 ppm, leather buffings 970 ppm. The Cr content of the original control soil was 16 ppm. Incorporating the shavings into the soil had no effect on the population of worms, although it did increase the Cr content of the worms and their casts. The tannery sludge decreased the worm population and the leather buffings decreased the size of the worms produced. However, the worms survived in all of these experimental soils and evidently ate the chromium containing materials, since their gut contained 100 ppm or more of Cr. En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1yaUlfcgZq5KhuES4ruEZ8G6RXnPm195e/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=17771 [article]

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An ash stabilization process for the recovery and reuse of chromium from chrome-laden tannery waste and a treatment process for pollution control of tannery waste water / James E. Cartier in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. LXXV (Année 1980)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. LXXV (Année 1980) . - p. 322-330 Titre : An ash stabilization process for the recovery and reuse of chromium from chrome-laden tannery waste and a treatment process for pollution control of tannery waste water Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : James E. Cartier, Auteur Année de publication : 1980 Article en page(s) : p. 322-330 Langues : Américain (ame) Index. décimale : 675.2 Préparation du cuir naturel. Tannage Résumé : The leather tanning and finishing industry has been classified by Federal and State regulatory agencies as a generator of potentially hazardous waste. An engineering recommendation was made that the chrome-laden solids resulting from tannery operations could be properly managed by incinerating these wastes to an ash containing soluble chrome. A process was needed for extracting the chrome in the ash and recycling it to the tanning process. This paper presents a chromium recovery and reuse process that stabilizes the ash resulting from a thermal treatment system by removing all the soluble chrome, as well as a tannery waste water treatment process that provides for very efficient primary treatment. This recovery process recycles all the chromium in liquid and solid tannery waste and therefore provides for a "zero" chrome discharge to the environment. En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1aftFkZG8-Vw0akCsO9izLq6nh6g7cDS2/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=17772 [article]

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Use of TOC as an alternative to COD for monitoring the biooxidation of tannery unhairing waste / J. E. Cooper in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. LXXV (Année 1980)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. LXXV (Année 1980) . - p. 331-339 Titre : Use of TOC as an alternative to COD for monitoring the biooxidation of tannery unhairing waste Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : J. E. Cooper, Auteur ; E. H. Bitcover, Auteur ; E. M. Filachione, Auteur ; J. W. Harlan, Auteur ; David G. Bailey, Auteur ; Stephen H. Feairheller, Auteur Année de publication : 1980 Article en page(s) : p. 331-339 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Index. décimale : 675.2 Préparation du cuir naturel. Tannage Résumé : A test for chemical oxygen demand (COD), requiring approximately 4 hr, is commonly used to monitor the biooxidation of wastes. A test for total organic carbon (TOC), which requires only 3 to 5 min, was compared with the more time-consuming method to determine if it could be used to estimate the COD test and to monitor the biooxidation. Both TOC and COD were determined for various proteins and amino acids, and the results of the two methods correlated well. The biooxidation of tannery unhairing wastes, complex industrial wastes characterized by high solids content, was monitored by both TOC and COD tests. The results obtained indicate that the TOC test is an acceptable alternative to the COD test when the composition of the waste does not vary significantly with time. Note de contenu : - Apparatus - Bioreactors - Reagents - Test compounds - Test solutions - TOC and COD analyses - Tannery unhairing wastes En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1ApXm4TdpcYd7rvnKxekq9B1aLY-9LPRB/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=17773 [article]

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On pigskin / Max S. Maire in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. LXXV (Année 1980)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. LXXV (Année 1980) . - p. 340-355 Titre : On pigskin Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Max S. Maire, Auteur Année de publication : 1980 Article en page(s) : p. 340-355 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Index. décimale : 675.2 Préparation du cuir naturel. Tannage Résumé : The availability of pigskin for leathermaking will increase steadily during the next decade. This will offer the U.S. a rare opportunity to develop uniquely different leathers and also to radically modify international trade in hides, skins, and leather to the tanners' advantage. It is crucial, in developing this new product, that the tanner recognize several critical differences between pigskins and cattlehides and their effect on procurement, processing, byproduct value, pollution, and product marketing. This paper explores a number of these key differences and their potential impact on the tanning industry. Note de contenu : - DIFFERENCES BETWEEN CATTLE RAISING AND HOG PRODUCTION : Biological differences between the species - Availability of pigskins and cattlehides - Confinement raising of hogs - Geographical distribution - Pork and beef processing - THE SKINNING OF HOGS LEATHER : Hot and cold skinning - Utilization of hogskins - Skinning by large and small pork packers - Alternate byproduct markets for hogskins - THE WORLD PICTURE En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1uR1mc5EOPUsyvU0xny75OnApD8DHyR1o/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=17777 [article]

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Chrome tanning processes with particularly good exhausion / Wolfhard Luck in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. LXXV (Année 1980)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. LXXV (Année 1980) . - p. 378-388 Titre : Chrome tanning processes with particularly good exhausion Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Wolfhard Luck, Auteur Année de publication : 1980 Article en page(s) : p. 378-388 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Index. décimale : 675.2 Préparation du cuir naturel. Tannage Résumé : In conventional chrome tannages approximately one-third og the chrome tanning material employed remains unused. With the aid of a chrome balance it is shown that this unfixed chrome in the wet leather is important because the greater portion of it reaches the effluent during the processes following the tannage. New chrome tanning processes are described which make it possible to achieve much better utilization of the chrome tanning material employed. The chrome balance of such a modern tannage is compared with that of a conventional tannage where residual liquors are recycled. It is shown that the leather tanned by the new process will release hardly any chrome during subsequent operations. The practical application of modern tannages of this type and the properties obtained with this process are discussed. Note de contenu : - CHROME UTILIZATION IN CONVENTIONAL CHROME TANNAGES - IMPROVING THE EXHAUSTION OF CHROME TANNING FLOATS - CHROME TANNING PROCESS WITH PARTICULARLY GOOD EXHAUSTION - RECYCLING VERSUS PROCESSES WITH GOOD EXHAUSTION : Recycling - Details of the tanning and analytical procedure - DISCUSSION OF THE RESULTS OF THE COMPARATIVE TEST En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1ibHswtT9pNfNSgy824mhXI6dLRs98Ekt/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=17778 [article]

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Gaseous sulfur dioxide used to preserve hides - an evaluation / William J. Hopkins in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. LXXV (Année 1980)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. LXXV (Année 1980) . - p. 389-402 Titre : Gaseous sulfur dioxide used to preserve hides - an evaluation Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : William J. Hopkins, Auteur Année de publication : 1980 Article en page(s) : p. 389-402 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : Sulfur dioxide is the active preservative of the acid/sulfite method proposed and sucessfully evaluated by this Center. This report involves direct application of the active ingredient in the gaseous form. The sulfur dioxide was generated by adding warious concentrations of NaHS03 to an acid solution. Treated hide samples that were stored for up to 28 days were preserved satisfactorily when judged by microbial counts and observation. Acidification of the hide samples before treatments significantly lowered the amount of sulfur dioxide needed for preservation. Whole cowhides that were treated with 1.32 percent sulfur dioxide (generated from 2.0 percent NaHSO3) based on hide weight were held in storage for 8 days and for 1 month. Cowhides that were acidified before treatment were treated with 0.33 percent sulfur dioxide (generated from 0.5 percent NaHSO3) based on hide weight and were held in storage for 8 days. These hides were processed comercially into crust leather of acceptable quality. Compared to drum salting or brine curing, the direct application of a gas has the advantages of (1) not needing water or agitation and (2) eliminating the high dissolved solids and sodium ion content of beamhouse effluents that would occur if salt-cured hides were used. Relatively small amounts of the preservative are needed and the estimated material costs are small. Note de contenu : - Laboratory studies - Large-scale studies - Preacidification - Determination of excess sulfur dioxide - Analytical methodology and physical testing En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1wfFc4mq58WVwEg7bmzkodM-PW-0BSpH8/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=17779 [article]

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The identification of naphthalene syntans by classical and derivative ultraviolet spectrometry / A. H. Lawrence in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. LXXV (Année 1980)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. LXXV (Année 1980) . - p. 403-407 Titre : The identification of naphthalene syntans by classical and derivative ultraviolet spectrometry : Technical note Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : A. H. Lawrence, Auteur Année de publication : 1980 Article en page(s) : p. 403-407 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Index. décimale : 675.2 Préparation du cuir naturel. Tannage Résumé : Aromatic synthetic tanning substances are classified into two main groups : the naphthalene syntans and the exchange (replacement) syntans. The exchange syntans differ from the naphthalene tans in that they contain phenolic hydroxyl groups. The identification of syntans by organic analytical means has been reported by Berkman and Chen. Roseira analyzed the naphthalene syntans by paper chromatography and Pomares reported the gel permeation chromatography of naphthalene syntans. Ultraviolet (UV) spectrometry is a well-established and relatively inexpensive instrumental technique that has found numerous applications in industrial organic analysis. This note describes a simple and rapid UV absorption spectrometry technique for distinguishing between naphthalene and exchange syntans. Note de contenu : - Spectrophotometric behavior of syntans in neutral and alkaline media - Derivative UV spectroscopy - Multicomponent analysis En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1DuLYvS67LjbiLE2l_FAJlmyxe_Pe-q7r/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=17793 [article]

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Collagen utilization / Valerie A. Lipsett in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. LXXV (Année 1980)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. LXXV (Année 1980) . - p. 439-455 Titre : Collagen utilization Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Valerie A. Lipsett, Auteur Année de publication : 1980 Article en page(s) : p. 439-455 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : The industry is aware that a hide yields more byproducts than finished leather. Collagen is the source of both the leather and the byproducts. Faced with environmental regulations and a grim economic picture, the innovative tanner, if he is to secure a position for himself in the marketplace, must do more with these byproducts to enhance his financial return from them and to ease waste generation. A review of limed collagen generators, nonleather uses of collagen, and the available potential growth of these uses will indicate where development efforts should be placed. Note de contenu : - THE SOURCE AND AVAILABILITY OF LIMED CATTLEHIDE COLLAGEN - THE USES FOR LIMED CATTLEHIDE COLLAGEN - SOURCES OF COLLAGEN FOR NONLEATHER PRODUCTS : Dog chews - Gelatin - Medical collagen - Sausage casings - Food collagen - Cosmetic collagen - PRICES OF LIMED CATTLEHIDE COLLAGEN : Dog chews - Gelatin - Sausage casing - Other feed stock values En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1LWIg5Chtgng-7Tm6PHf1k0ewXh6TsvfS/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=17794 [article]

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Food-grade collagen : cleanliness, cost, commitment / Robert A. Haberstroh in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. LXXV (Année 1980)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. LXXV (Année 1980) . - p. 456-459 Titre : Food-grade collagen : cleanliness, cost, commitment Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Robert A. Haberstroh, Auteur Année de publication : 1980 Article en page(s) : p. 456-459 Langues : Américain (ame) Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : The tanner who aspires to provide raw material to the food industry has to cope with issues he does not usually confront. Cleanliness and sanitation, and compliance with unfamiliar Federal standards and restrictions dealing with toxic chemicals become of primary importance. The cost of collagen is a vital factor in the establishment of new uses. The tanner must compete against a number of cheap, ready to use, synthetic materials. Establishment of new markets for collagen will demand commitment, initiative, and imagination on the part of the tanner. En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/13TxrpiYBFQ5XLFtrbi3oLag-ShpKjQpK/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=17795 [article]

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Use of corium layer in edible casings / Noel I. Burke in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. LXXV (Année 1980)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. LXXV (Année 1980) . - p. 459-463 Titre : Use of corium layer in edible casings Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Noel I. Burke, Auteur Année de publication : 1980 Article en page(s) : p. 459-463 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : The corium layer of the hide is used to produce edible sausage casing for three types of products : fresh products that the consumer cooks, products that the packer cooks and the consumer only heats, and products that are dried and need no refrigeration. The corium should be from young animals no more than two years old. Hide processing should be done as soon as possible and the hides fully limed and kept refrigerated after processing. Several processes for producing edible casing, each of which requires somewhat different hide processing, are discussed in this paper. Note de contenu : - Hides - Hide processing - Deliming-in plant - Preparation of collagen for extrusion - Extrusion - Conversion of collagen dispersion into casing - Shirring En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1CGJwWccCgigTpeOrJCp8cjMGeVT145-e/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=17796 [article]

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Hide collagen as a food / R. L. Henrickson in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. LXXV (Année 1980)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. LXXV (Année 1980) . - p. 464-470 Titre : Hide collagen as a food Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : R. L. Henrickson, Auteur ; L. L. Ebro, Auteur ; P. J. Sneed, Auteur Année de publication : 1980 Article en page(s) : p. 464-470 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : Collagen has some potential application in food systems as a bonder, filler, extender, moisturizer, texturizer and nitrient enhancer. The concept of using fibrous bovine hide collagen as a food additive is relatively new. Food-grade collagen from limed bovine hide splits has been assessed as an acceptable addition to ground beef when substituted at a level of 20 percent or less for the lean in a beef loaf. Bonding of fat and moisture were shown to increase without a significant decrease in tenderness. The sensory attributes of the meat were shown to be acceptable by a trained panel. The use of fibrous collagen in bologna has been of interest. Studies involving volume change, shrinkage, fat emulsification, moisture, color, total nitrogen and hydroxyproline content have been assessed. The effects of using air-dried collagen on the sensory attributes of quick bread are reported. Items such as plain muffins, whole wheat muffins, and sweet whole wheat loaf were evaluated. Basic studies of fibrous collagen indicated that NaCl and Na2SO4 depress the hydration of collagen in the pH range 4.0 to 8.0. Beyond thses values NaCl especially increased collagen hydration. The addition of oxidizing (NaIO3) or reducing (NaSO3) salts depressed the hydration capacity of freeze-dried collagen in the pH range 4.0 to 9.0. Note de contenu : - Coarse bologna - Fine bologna - Applesauce cake - Carrot cake - Yeast bread En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1sHhPFx5PkEbITOWYZYbCBxW14gaKSV6n/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=17797 [article]

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Pet treats - an alternative use / Scott R. Schnell in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. LXXV (Année 1980)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. LXXV (Année 1980) . - p. 471-474 Titre : Pet treats - an alternative use Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Scott R. Schnell, Auteur Année de publication : 1980 Article en page(s) : p. 471-474 Langues : Américain (ame) Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : Superior Pet Products, Inc. has been in the business of making pet treats for about fifteen years, and one of the major ingredients of its various types of products is untanned hide collagen, i.e., hide pieces (shoulder and belly splits), as well as ground hide with additives. In answer to the demand for this type of product, it is being produced all over the world, and sometimes it is imported at a premium price, because its supply at a suitable quality level is limited. En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1NPYzzSh2h5AqZIR6vtqgIT3qrAX9JadZ/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=17798 [article]

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Collagen as a biomaterial / Bruce B. Pharriss in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. LXXV (Année 1980)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. LXXV (Année 1980) . - p. 474-480 Titre : Collagen as a biomaterial Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Bruce B. Pharriss, Auteur Année de publication : 1980 Article en page(s) : p. 474-480 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : As resilient as the human body is, there are occasions when disease, injury, and malfunctions of the genetic code create the need for prosthetic or augmenting devices. To fill this need, devices have been constructed of platn materials, metals, plastics, ceramics, and human and animal tissues. In most cases these experiments have resulted in malfunctions or rejection. Even in cases where the device functions, it never becomes assimilated by the body. The development of purification procedures and fabrication processes for collagen may result in a dramatic change in the previously existing problems. Purified collagen has proved itself to be well tolerated by the body, and devices constructed if this material seem to be actually incorporated into body structures. Recent clinical results predict an excinting future for this excellent biomaterial. Note de contenu : - Medical applications - Soft-tissue augmentation - Laboratory product development - The future of collagen En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1LWIg5Chtgng-7Tm6PHf1k0ewXh6TsvfS/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=17799 [article]

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Are carcinogens a chronic health hazard in the tannery workplace ? / Robert M. Lollar in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. LXXV (Année 1980)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. LXXV (Année 1980) . - p. 510-525 Titre : Are carcinogens a chronic health hazard in the tannery workplace ? Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Robert M. Lollar, Auteur Année de publication : 1980 Article en page(s) : p. 510-525 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Index. décimale : 675.2 Préparation du cuir naturel. Tannage Résumé : Three clinical studies have associated employment in the leather and leather products industries with cancer, but they have not identified tanning and finishing operations specifically. The dust that is characteristically created in the manufacture of leather goods is most often suggested as a significant factor. However, many of the chemicals used in the leather tanning industry are classified as carcinogenic. An analysis of the potential risks of exposure to these chemicals is presented in this paper, along with suggestions for proper practices of handling them. The classes of materials are nitrosamines, benzidine-based direct dyestuffs, chromate pigments, aromatic organic solvents, and tannins. Note de contenu : - NATIONAL OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SURVEY - CASE HISTORY STUDIES - CHEMICAL CARCINOGENS : Nitrosamines - Benzidine-based dyestuffs - Chromate pigments - Aromatic organic solvents - Tannin En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1rW-iHqgra-wOKqAxOeYeaaVtaA_wTjeA/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=17802 [article]

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The kinetics of chrome tanning of hide powder modified by formaldehyde / P. Smejkal in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. LXXV (Année 1980)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. LXXV (Année 1980) . - p. 526-535 Titre : The kinetics of chrome tanning of hide powder modified by formaldehyde Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : P. Smejkal, Auteur ; M. Skurak, Auteur ; A. Blazej, Auteur Année de publication : 1980 Article en page(s) : p. 526-535 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Index. décimale : 675.2 Préparation du cuir naturel. Tannage Résumé : Chrome tanning is a series of reactions which occur between hide proteins and a system of basic chrome complexes. If we talk about the kinetics of the reacrion, we mean the change in the number of molecules in the product with time (1). Tomas et al. (2) and Tomas and Kelly (3) investigated the exhaustion of tanning liquor in relation to time and stated that the bonds of basic chrome salts cannot be described as mono-, bi-, or trimolecular reactions, because chrome tanning is a complex of more processes. From 1945 to 1951 Briggs (4) published a number of studies dealing with the kinetics of chrome tanning. In his investigation of the velocity of basic chrome salt exhaustion from tanning liquors he proved that the velocity of change in concentration in the course of chrome tanning at every time point is proportional to the concentration of the tanning liquor En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1D--Sy1IgVvWtLyn3rZexSUuv2uCBOUEH/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=17803 [article]

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White buck-type shoe suede upper leather from pickled cowhide splits / Joseph. T. Hernon in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. LXXV (Année 1980)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. LXXV (Année 1980) . - p. 536-537 Titre : White buck-type shoe suede upper leather from pickled cowhide splits Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Joseph. T. Hernon, Auteur Année de publication : 1980 Article en page(s) : p. 536-537 Langues : Américain (ame) Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Note de contenu : - Raw material - Formaldehyde tan - Retan and fatliquor for white crusted leather - Wet back, soften, and split to weight - Drum applied white buck finish - Drying and buffing En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1l7PmuytBYEy3hacWHpFSaaNp4j8Bs971/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=17825 [article]

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