Dépouillements

An examination of several chrome tannages and their effect on chrome exhaustion / Vetaut Goniprow in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. LXXIV (Année 1979)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. LXXIV (Année 1979) . - p. 6-13 Titre : An examination of several chrome tannages and their effect on chrome exhaustion Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Vetaut Goniprow, Auteur ; Scott D. Fields, Auteur Année de publication : 1979 Article en page(s) : p. 6-13 Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Cuirs et peaux -- Propriétés physiques Cuirs et peaux -- Teneur en oxyde de chrome Eaux usées -- Analyse Eaux usées -- Teneur en oxyde de chrome Tannage au chrome Tannage combiné Le tannage combiné se dit des tannages qui allient deux familles ou genre de tannage pour obtenir un résultat additionnant les qualités complémentaires des tannins mis en Å“uvre par exemple Chrome-Végétal ou Chrome-Synthétique Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : Tanners have long employed combinations of various tanning agents to achieve a variety of leather characteristics. Recent emphasis on reducing waste chromium makes it valuable to re-examinesome of these combination tannages and to introduce other variations to determine their effects on chrome uptake and exhaustion. In this work sides in the lime from a tannery were divided into lots, and each lot was processed using a different tannage. The resulting leathers were analyzed for their physical and aesthetic qualities and for chromic oxide content. Tanning wheel effluent was also analyzed for chromic oxide. Processes and results were compared and some conclusions were reached regarding various tannages as a means of reducing waste chromium. Note de contenu : - Table 1 : Chrome (Cr2O3) content of leathers and effluents - Table 2 : Physical test results from selected samples En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1kNGTxYYyt2aMwhJCENRhiVEc9DBy3OJI/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=37217 [article]

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Some recent problems associated with the use of leather in footwear uppers / David Popplewell in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. LXXIV (Année 1979)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. LXXIV (Année 1979) . - p. 149-160 Titre : Some recent problems associated with the use of leather in footwear uppers Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : David Popplewell, Auteur ; A. W. A. Johnson, Auteur Année de publication : 1979 Article en page(s) : p. 149-160 Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Analyse de dommages (matériaux) Cuirs et peaux -- Détérioration Tige de la chaussure Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : In our experience in running testing laboratories for footwear and footwear materials, both here in North America and before that in the U. K., leather is rarely a problem material. We do, however, find from time to time sporadic faults, often only associated with one tanner or one shoe manufacturer. Many of the complaints we have to deal with are associated with a deterioration in appearance, for example cracking, flaking, and peeling of the finish, cracking of the actual leather, staining of various sorts and surface mechanical damage of the scuff/abrasion type. Therefore we will confine our remarks to these areas. In this paper we also hope to give you an idea of what problems can occur and how we consider that they have been caused. In some instances we suspect that they can result from slight changes in a tanning process which may be outside the tanner's control or may even have been made deliberately, the tanner being unaware of the possible adverse effects to the user. The can also, however, result from ashoe manufacturer's actions unbeknowingly causing some deterioration in the physical properties of an originally satisfactory material. We will also, whenever possible, describe a test method which can be used either to assure product quality, to monitor the effect of process changes, or to evaluate the property complained of in returned goods. Note de contenu : - Abrasion resistance of the finish : Resistance to dry rubbing - Resistance to wet rubbing - The effect of solvents - Assessment of the results - Adhesion of finish - Resistance of a finish to flex cracking - Surface wrinkling or pipiness - The effect of a shoe room spray on a tanner's finish - Pigment migration - Staining of feet and socks - The effect of rain - Salt damage - Grease spue - An optical effect - Perspiration damage - Chromium migration - Scuff damage - Snag/abrasion - Table 1 : The effect of shoe-room finishes En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1Zxwjigm5eIICm6lQ50g85r7lt5fuI8oj/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=37218 [article]

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Estimation of hide substance in leathers by gasometry / M. P. Swamy in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. LXXIV (Année 1979)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. LXXIV (Année 1979) . - p. 184-190 Titre : Estimation of hide substance in leathers by gasometry Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : M. P. Swamy, Auteur ; S. Bangaruswamy, Auteur ; J. B. Rao, Auteur ; M. Santappa, Auteur Année de publication : 1979 Article en page(s) : p. 184-190 Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Chimie analytique Gazométrie Substance dermique (cuir) -- Analyse Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : The acid-digest of a leather sample is reacted with alkaline hypobromite and the liberated nitrogen is taken as the index for the calculation of hide substance. This gasometric method is found to produce values that compare favorably with those of the official Kjeldahl method. The proposed method completely dispenses with the sensitive distillation part of the Kjeldahl method and avoids the subsequent titration. In view of its simplicity and rapidity, the gasometric method is recommended for adoption in leather chemical analyses. Note de contenu : - Principle - Apparatus - Chemicals - Method - Calculation - Table 1 : Correction factors for temperature - Table 2 : Estimation of nitrogen content in solutions of ammonium sulfate - Table 3 : Estimation of hide substance in different types of leathers En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/15uCvb_uLlwBQqsERaFnEO6oPp5luXyna/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=37219 [article]

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Occurrence and possible significance of demodectic mites, demodex caprae, in the internal tissues of fetal and adult indian goats / R. A. Venkatesan in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. LXXIV (Année 1979)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. LXXIV (Année 1979) . - p. 191-197 Titre : Occurrence and possible significance of demodectic mites, demodex caprae, in the internal tissues of fetal and adult indian goats Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : R. A. Venkatesan, Auteur ; S.-C. Nandy, Auteur ; G. Krishnan, Auteur Année de publication : 1979 Article en page(s) : p. 191-197 Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Animaux domestiques -- Parasites Chèvres Demodex Demodex (les démodex en français) est un genre d'acariens de la famille des Demodicidae. Certaines espèces font naturellement partie du microbiote cutané humain ou vivent associées aux cheveux, cils, sourcils. Chez la vache, une espèce de Demodex peut s'insérer dans les follicules pileux, y former des cavités où il vit et se reproduit, en déclenchant une formation de nodules et de vives réactions inflammatoires. L'infestation pathologique de la partie sous-jacente de la peau de bovins d'élevage par un Demodex est une maladie vétérinaire dite "démodécose" (ici en Afrique de l'Ouest). Ici, ce sont les follicules pileux d'un singe qui sont colonisés par une espèce de Demodex (formes brunes irrégulières allongées visibles dans les cavités. Les cavités se forment dans les follicules pileux enflammés) ; photographie histologique en microscopie optique. Il regroupe des acariens minuscules, très communs sur la peau de tous les mammifères, dont il est encore difficile de dire s’ils sont des parasites ou des symbiotes (contribuant à nettoyer la peau, notamment du sébum). Ils peuvent dans certaines conditions pulluler, souvent sans symptômes, et alors jouer un rôle dans certaines pathologies dermatologiques. Ils vivent dans ou à proximité des follicules pileux des mammifères. Diagnostic biologique Parasitoses Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : Digestion with KOH of such caprine fetal tissues as liver, spleen and portal vein revealed the presence of Demodex caprae in different stages of its life-cycle. D. caprae though an ectoparasite, has been observed in a number of organs of the adult hosts including the male and female genital organs, mamary gland and intesting suggestive of its endoparasitic phase. Note de contenu : - EXPERIMENTAL : Examination of fetal viscera by KOH digestion - Histological examinations - Examination of the impression smears of the seminal fluid - RESULTS : KOH digestion of the fetal viscera - Histological examination of the fetal viscera - Histological examination of the fetal skins - Histological examination of the viscera of adult goats - Table 1 : Presence of Demodex caprae in fetal tissues - Table 2 : Results of histological examinations of goat tissues for presence of Demodex caprae En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1QJxkrOSh6LbQ5qlZfoLRVYX41OzznykO/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=37220 [article]

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Development of a technology for no-soak liming of salted hides and for minimal chrome tannage / J. H. Sharphouse in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. LXXIV (Année 1979)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. LXXIV (Année 1979) . - p. 214-227 Titre : Development of a technology for no-soak liming of salted hides and for minimal chrome tannage Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : J. H. Sharphouse, Auteur Année de publication : 1979 Article en page(s) : p. 214-227 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Chaulage Cuirs et peaux de bovins Epilage Tannage au chrome Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : The lecture emphasizes the need to carefully consider local conditions before applying traditional methods of processing hides. Modifications of these methods often lead to unnecessary elaborations with consequent increase in intricacy, cost, and complications with effluents. Careful consideration of the basic problem and parameters may lead to much simpler solutions. Two examples are given to illustrate this point. The first case concerns the development of a "no-soak" depilating system fo rsalted hides, wherein use is made of the salt present to control swelling ; and the second case involves in a chrome tanning that uses a minimum amount of chrome salt but obtains 98 percent uptake. Note de contenu : - No-soak "liming" of salted hides - Minimal chrome tannage : Chrome tannage - Procedure - Table 1 : Swelling of ocx hides immersed overnight in 200% float containing NaCl and NaOH - Table 2 : Tannage of ox hides using molasses-reduced chrome liquors with and without masking En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1KcPznwRTUwQYMb1cxh06Ejc34JCdvoia/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=37221 [article]

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A new concept of pretanning without chrome / Marcel Siegler in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. LXXIV (Année 1979)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. LXXIV (Année 1979) . - p. 288-300 Titre : A new concept of pretanning without chrome Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Marcel Siegler, Auteur Année de publication : 1979 Article en page(s) : p. 288-300 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Chaux Croûte (cuir) On entend par "cuir en croûte" des cuirs ayant subi les opérations jusqu'au tannage, à l'exclusion de toute opération de corroyage ou de finissage, mais qui, par opposition aux wet-blue ont été séchés. Cuirs et peaux -- Propriétés physiques Fleur du cuir Prétannage sans chrome Refente sur chaux Stratigraphie Température de retrait Index. décimale : 675.2 Préparation du cuir naturel. Tannage Résumé : The manufacture of grain and split leather is simplified by pretanning cattle hides, either after bating or during pickling, with a chromium-free tanning agent until the shrinkage temperature reaches between 170° and 185°F. The pretanned hide is then split to provide a grain and a split intermediate, then these components are shaved and tanned. The entire hide treatment sequence can be effected in two stages : first, beaming, lime fleshing (if necessary), bating, and pretanning before or during pickling ; second, wringing, splitting, sorting, and shaving. The tanning is done after shaving in the the second stage and is followed by coloring and fatliquoring. The resulting chrome-tanned leather has very good physical properties, good fullness, and produces a higher area yield. The pretanned splits can be sorted and shaved for different types of leather, such as vegetable tan, chrome-vegetable tan, etc., and thus be increased in their value. The shavings contain no chromium and very littls salt. Hence they have many moreuses, or they can be disposed of by dumping without significant environmental impact. Much less chrome is needed to tan the leather because the tanning chemicals are used only on the shaved weight. Also, there is less spent chrome to be recycled and reused. The spent liquor can be used either as the float for a new batch of grains or for tanning the splits. Note de contenu : - Table 1 : Shrinkage temperatures at various stages of pretanning process - Table 2 : Take-up of the pretanning product with time of tanning - Table 3 : Chrome distribution by stratigraphic test regular tanning process - Split in blue versus seton special process (SSP) - Table 4 : Comparison of the physical properties of crust leathers derived from hides processed by lime splitting,blue splitting, and the SSP pretanning process - SSP pretanning procedure on regular delimed stock - SSP pretanning procedure on completely delimed stock - Tanning procedure for the grains - Physical properties of SSP leathers En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1ww_q_dWcvIGk6Usu7pBqWdiTGV_Undii/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=37222 [article]

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The relationship of environmental subzero temperatures to components of footwear in simulated conditions of service / P. Bataille in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. LXXIV (Année 1979)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. LXXIV (Année 1979) . - p. 301-307 Titre : The relationship of environmental subzero temperatures to components of footwear in simulated conditions of service Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : P. Bataille, Auteur ; W. Smith, Auteur Année de publication : 1979 Article en page(s) : p. 301-307 Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Basses températures Chaussures de ski Cuirs et peaux -- Effets de la température Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : This research sought to establish the actual temperatures attained by cross-country ski boots when they are evaluated under simulated conditions of use in a cold room. In tests conducted between +30° and -30°F, thermocouple readings in four different boot locations established temperature gradients between the boots and the test environment. The gradients between the vamp and the test environment after 40 min testing (average of + 10°F) were lower than those between the sole and the test environment (average of + 23°F). Readings from two other thermocouples placed inside the boots, one over the wearer's instep and one under the ball of his foot, showed much higher and more variable temperature gradients with the environment. At the subzero testing temperatures, the originally intended 2-hr tests were terminated after 40 min as the instep temperatures dropped below 50°F, causing the test subjects great discomfort. Note de contenu : - Testing equipment - Location of the thermocouples - Experimental procedure - Results and discussion - Table 1 : Temperature gradients after 40 minutes En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1ssPVZT6taykPGM32FQ61_qquQK99SHjE/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=37223 [article]

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Isothiazolones for leather preservation. II. Military leather / William C. Prentiss in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. LXXIV (Année 1979)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. LXXIV (Année 1979) . - p. 322-328 Titre : Isothiazolones for leather preservation. II. Military leather Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : William C. Prentiss, Auteur ; Charles R. Sigafoos, Auteur Année de publication : 1979 Article en page(s) : p. 322-328 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Antimicrobiens Cuirs et peaux -- Conservation Isothiazolinone Produits de conservation du cuir Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : In 1973, a new fungicide for the preservation of chrome stock was described at the Thirteenth Congress of the IULTCS in Vienna. The material, n-octyl-4-isothiasol-3-one, known commercially as Kathon LP, has been in use for six years worldwide with a very high level of acceptance include its broad spectrum of activity against fungi, its cost effectiveness relative to other commercially available products, and its complete inactivation in the effluent stream. For many years p-nitro phenol has been specified as the preservative for military leathers and has beensuccessfully utilized in this application. Nevertheless, alternatives p-nitro phenol are desirable, and it was our feeling that n-octyl-4-isothiazol-3-one is a likely candidate. To qualify, however, there are several requirements. Among these are a suitable spectrum of activity, sufficient field experience to request EPA registration for this use, an analytical procedure to determine levels in submitted leathers, and evidence that the treated leathers will pass the stringent military tests conducted at the Natick R&D Command. The first requirement is easily met, as indicated in Table 1. The purpose of this paper is to show how the other requirements are met : field experience, the state of the analytical procedure, and the laboratory test results. Note de contenu : - Field experience - Analysis for N-octylisothiazolone in military leather - Fungicidal resistance of leather - Table 1 : Screening against fungi - Table 2 : Aging stability - Table 3 : Toxicity data - Table 4 : Analysis of treated leather for kathon LP (percent, based on wet blue weight) - Table 5 : Fungicide tests of paste dried leather En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/126X2Et-1mbQFyOvAxoOpWcfV_JlUPiTK/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=37224 [article]

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Glutaraldehyde in the tanning industry / E. M. Filachione in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. LXXIV (Année 1979)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. LXXIV (Année 1979) . - p. 364-369 Titre : Glutaraldehyde in the tanning industry Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : E. M. Filachione, Auteur Année de publication : 1979 Article en page(s) : p. 364-369 Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Cuirs et peaux Glutaraldéhyde Tannage synthétique Index. décimale : 675.2 Préparation du cuir naturel. Tannage Note de contenu : - Development - Versatile tanning agent - Properties of leathers - Remarks En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1a6jUqruMhdxyLfDlPMj3cHPZWypNRBd8/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=37225 [article]

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Rapid determination of moisture in cured hides by microwave oven / Waldo E. Kallenberger in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. LXXIV (Année 1979)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. LXXIV (Année 1979) . - p. 454-468 Titre : Rapid determination of moisture in cured hides by microwave oven Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Waldo E. Kallenberger, Auteur ; Robert M. Lollar, Auteur Année de publication : 1979 Article en page(s) : p. 454-468 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Cuirs et peaux -- Séchage Cuirs et peaux -- Teneur en humidité Micro-ondes Statistique Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : Moisture content is important for cured bides, both in terms of raw stock quality and cost. Using a microwave oven and minimal sample preparation, determination of the moisture in cured hides can be made in less than one-half hour ; other methods require hours or days. Analytical data on the moisture in cured hides determined by the usual vacuum oven method correlate very well with the microwave oven determinations. The microwave oven method is fast, easy, and reliable. Note de contenu : - Experimental methods and data - Statistical evaluation - Table 1 : Vacuum oven drying method : A. Hair left on samples - Table 2 : Vacuum oven drying method : B. Hair removed from samples - Table 3 : Microwave oven drying method : A. Hair left on samples - Table 4 : Microwave oven drying method : B. Hair removed from samples - Table 5 : Regression values En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1iAIPnMWOoWIAy4ehaZQlaF9UNOQU2afV/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=37226 [article]

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