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Upholstery leathers for funiture use / Hubert M. Wachsmann in WORLD LEATHER, Vol. 7, N° 1 (02/1994)  

[article]  inWORLD LEATHER > Vol. 7, N° 1 (02/1994) . - p. 25 Titre : Upholstery leathers for funiture use Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Hubert M. Wachsmann, Auteur Année de publication : 1994 Article en page(s) : p. 25 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Cuir d'ameublement Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : Originally upholstery leathers were almost entirely vegetable tanned, followed by fatliquoring and crusting before selection. These leathers were around 1.0 mm or above in substance, and colouring was carried out by brush dyeing. The grain was either smoothor pronounced, achieved in finishing by ironing, by drumming or embossing. Chrome tannage became the predominant tanning method in the late 50s and early 60s as the demand changed to very fine and smoooth grain appearances. This provided much softer leathers of the chrome nappa class for pillow type upholstery, and fully penetrating byeings were produced having higher light fastness properties. Note de contenu : - Nubuk for furniture leathers En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1cgMHlZobYgFnRHbmjHfQwEaf9vGp3MQs/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=35168 [article]

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Retanning, dyeing and fatliquoring of upholstery leathers / Hubert M. Wachsmann in WORLD LEATHER, Vol. 7, N° 1 (02/1994)  

[article]  inWORLD LEATHER > Vol. 7, N° 1 (02/1994) . - p. 26-29 Titre : Retanning, dyeing and fatliquoring of upholstery leathers Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Hubert M. Wachsmann, Auteur Année de publication : 1994 Article en page(s) : p. 26-29 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Cuir d'ameublement Cuirs et peaux -- Teinture Huiles et graisses Produits de nourriture du cuir Retannage Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : Tanners used to say that leathers were made in the beamhouse, and this is still true for upholstery leathers. Nevertheless, many variations, including the touch and handle and many other properties can be influenced by the retanning, dyeing and fatliquoring. Note de contenu : - The advantages of pre-fatliquoring - General process for retanning, dyeing & fatliquoring black upholstery leathers - General process for retanning, dyeing & fatliquoring coloured upholstery leathers En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1EU7CdHotf1JxkiSPg5gPIcODbNVCV0r8/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=35169 [article]

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Wet processing upholstery enhancement through technique / R. Kraus in WORLD LEATHER, Vol. 7, N° 1 (02/1994)  

[article]  inWORLD LEATHER > Vol. 7, N° 1 (02/1994) . - p. 30-32 Titre : Wet processing upholstery enhancement through technique Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : R. Kraus, Auteur Année de publication : 1994 Article en page(s) : p. 30-32 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Chrome Cuir d'ameublement Cuirs et peaux -- Teinture Huiles et graisses Neutralisation (chimie) Produits de nourriture du cuir Retannage Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : Trends in upholstery leathers have moved towards a softer feel with more natural characteristics. Change to manufacture is apparent, however, due to the demands of the ecologists. Tanners can no longer afford to alter their beamhouse and tanning methods to meet the needs of new leathers as change may affect the effluent produced. Due to changes in demand the leather specialist has to adjust quicldy to new requirements as textures supplied today can be out of fashion tomorrow, but unfortunately environmental pressures have restricted choice of action. It is also recognised that more extensive development is needed to establish a new leather-line in a tannery without major problems. This restricted situation has caused more effective cooperation between tanneries and the chemical supply industry, and this joint approach is becoming more important. Some types of leathers can only be produced as new chemical products are developed to achieve a desired result, and this especially applies to fatliquors. When working from a standard wet blue, the temper of the leather is largely determined by the fatliquoring agents as the major chemical component. Very different fatliquors are now available compared w earlier products, but these can basically be divided into three categories : 1. Basic lubrication agents made from natural oils that can be unstable to electrolytes and are seldom used alone. 2. Natural and synthetic fatliquors that are electrolyte resistant. 3. Fatliquors that are electrolyte resistant, colour fast, environmentally friendly and heat resistant. These fatliquors may be fog resistant for use on natural leathers and for automotive use. Hydrophobie agents can also be used that have oil-like properties and provide the leather with a soft handle. Note de contenu : - The use of fatliquor in pickle and tanning : Fatliquor use in the pickle bath - Advantages in multi-additions of fatliquors : Fatliquor use in chrome retanning/neutralising - The main fatliquor application : Retanning, dyeing and fatliquoring - Dyeing to shade En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1PXDhEPRsMWq-iZAZBDbVO9d0DwOOaDCj/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=35170 [article]

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Trying not to go up in flames / BLC Leather Technology Centre in WORLD LEATHER, Vol. 7, N° 1 (02/1994)  

[article]  inWORLD LEATHER > Vol. 7, N° 1 (02/1994) . - p. 35-36 Titre : Trying not to go up in flames Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : BLC Leather Technology Centre, Auteur Année de publication : 1994 Article en page(s) : p. 35-36 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Cuir d'ameublement Essais de résilience Ignifugeants Composé chimique utilisé pour réduire l'inflammabilité. Il peut être incorporé au produit durant sa fabrication ou appliqué ultérieurement à sa surface. Résistance à la flamme Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : There is increasing consumer demand for safety, and as a consequence of major fires there is now pressure to impose regulations in the EC similar to those operating in the UK regarding furniture coverings and chil-drens nightwear. Before regulations can be established, however, there has to be test methods to ascertain if the treatment or product satisfies the regulation. In turn there has to be materials available to meet the requirement, otherwise this would be effectively ban the product completely. Test procédures are already established that can discriminate levels of resistance to ignition and these can be classed as either pragmatic or academic in approach. Note de contenu : - Pragmactic tests - Ranking of fire resistance - Academic tests - Fire retardant treatments - Increasing standards through - The differential scanning calorimeter En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1a8FXuekDxqjtBfqGDZYt4ZRVgS0Hnud8/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=35171 [article]

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The role of mechanical operations in woolskin production / Barry Jacobs in WORLD LEATHER, Vol. 7, N° 1 (02/1994)  

[article]  inWORLD LEATHER > Vol. 7, N° 1 (02/1994) . - p. 47-51 Titre : The role of mechanical operations in woolskin production Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Barry Jacobs, Auteur Année de publication : 1994 Article en page(s) : p. 47-51 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Cuirs et peaux de moutons Laine de mouton Opérations mécaniques Teinture Index. décimale : 677.31 Laine Résumé : In the processing of wool sheep two major problems can occur during the initial stages of process, both being a direct result of excessive mechanical action. One is cracking of the pelt where the skins have been preserved either by shade drying or by dry salting and the second is felting of the wool. These problems were originally avoided by soaking in pits, but dressers now tend to use paddles in the early stages of process. In practice, the paddles are used for convenience of handling with a static soak lasting approximately 12 hours to allow the skins to partially wet back. When softened, the paddles can be turned intermittently without the skins cracking, allowing the mechanical action and detergents to increase the rate of soak. When fully rehydrated, the wool sheep need to be scoured, the process continuing in the same paddle to reduce the grease content of the wool and to a lesser extent the pelt. Fully hydrated, the skins should be able to withstand continuous running for the 1-2 hour process, but the time is closely dependent upon die length of the wool. Although drums can be slowed down, the level of mechanical action remains high with the increased risk of felting. Another advantage offered by paddles over alternative equipment is the greater ease when handling sheepskins, in partic-ular in the case of dried sheepskins. Note de contenu : - Shearing for uniform wool length - special attention for good buffing - The benefits of solvent degreasing - Consistent dyeings of wool and flesh En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1jiMCmvBkmpOsP7_sMrOnCAQuW-fi0W8C/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=35172 [article]

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Dyeing of woolskins with acid dyes / Rudolph Seitz in WORLD LEATHER, Vol. 7, N° 1 (02/1994)  

[article]  inWORLD LEATHER > Vol. 7, N° 1 (02/1994) . - p. 52 Titre : Dyeing of woolskins with acid dyes Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Rudolph Seitz, Auteur Année de publication : 1994 Article en page(s) : p. 52 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Colorants acides Peau de laine de mouton Teinture Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : The dyeing of wool or hair on wool/fur skins is a rather complicated process as we are faced with two very different substrates in a single material. These have different properties contained in both the quality and struc-ture of the skin (collagen) and the wool/hair (keratin). Traditionally, the dyeing of hair and wool was mainly carried out with oxida-tion dyes, giving a very good tinctorial value and coverage, but had many disad-vantages. Acid dyes are by far die dominating range for die dyeing of woolskins today, and, as known from textile dyeings, are easier to handle and apply. Note de contenu : - The dyeing of wool with acid dyes - Dyeing processes for woolskins En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1D2rUn6KbXa2MdxgK9a_ICTQSjpEuOwh4/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=35173 [article]

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Modern woolskin dressing / Erta Ulusey in WORLD LEATHER, Vol. 7, N° 1 (02/1994)  

[article]  inWORLD LEATHER > Vol. 7, N° 1 (02/1994) . - p. 53-55 Titre : Modern woolskin dressing Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Erta Ulusey, Auteur ; Heike Alrock, Auteur Année de publication : 1994 Article en page(s) : p. 53-55 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Cuirs et peaux -- Dégraissage Peau de laine de mouton Polissage Produits de nourriture du cuir Retannage Tannage Vêtements Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : Whatever the requirements of the final article, the following items need the highest attention to gain maximum advannge in modern woolskin dressing : 1. full opening of the structure without causing loosening or damage to the hair ; 2. maximum degreasing of both the wool and die skin ; 3. lubrication of the skin within die pickle and/or tannage ; 4. optimising the buffing of the flesh side by selecting the right tanning agents in the primary tannage and in retanning Note de contenu : - Opening the skin structure - Optimum degreasingthe wool and skin - Fatliquoring in pickle/tanning - Creating good buffing En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1U7fsldoo0rw8CUAU_2BfKnttL10i_mxV/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=35174 [article]

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Consistency in leather dyeings in WORLD LEATHER, Vol. 7, N° 1 (02/1994)  

[article]  inWORLD LEATHER > Vol. 7, N° 1 (02/1994) . - p. 56 Titre : Consistency in leather dyeings : Colormix at Schmidt Feldbach Type de document : texte imprimé Année de publication : 1994 Article en page(s) : p. 56 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Automatisation Colorants Cuirs et peaux -- Teinture Systèmes de dosage Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : Over the fast 25 years the demand for consistent leather dyeing has been growing. Consistency in shade from batch to batch, within a batch and across a single hide has become a must for quality assurance and a necessity for quality finishing. The demands of fashion have also Brown so that tanneries have to cover many more colours at one rime in their production. In the early 1980s, some chemical companies introduced special liquid dyes for drum dyeing. These ranges offered certain advantages to tanners and have increased in use. The dyes are usually from a selected chemical clans, have similar and compatible dyeing properties, and some, enable a vide range of colours to be produced from a small product range. This means economic benefits to the leather manufacturer, who is able to reduce the inventory of dyes, whilst covering most of the needs of his customer. Other advantages offered by liquid dyes included the convenience of handling, transport in containers, and less exposure by the workforce to air borne dye particles. The residual content of dye in 'empty' containers was also avoided with all of these points making high contributions towards die Control of Substances Hazardous to Health (COSHH). Note de contenu : - Automatic dispensing of dye solutions - Figure : Flow diagram of dosing of colors in an automated dyeing process En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1QSOpes81KJZ0t6R02i_hPAd9931d-nN8/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=35175 [article]

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The case of the appearing and disappearing black spots in WORLD LEATHER, Vol. 7, N° 1 (02/1994)  

[article]  inWORLD LEATHER > Vol. 7, N° 1 (02/1994) . - p. 57 Titre : The case of the appearing and disappearing black spots Type de document : texte imprimé Année de publication : 1994 Article en page(s) : p. 57 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Champignons microscopiques Cuir d'ameublement Cuirs et peaux -- Analyse Cuirs et peaux -- Défauts Expertises Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : The new furniture took pride of place in the living room. It was comfortable, elegant and it fitted in with die rest of the decor. To keep it looking fresh, the instructions were that the leather was to be cleaned only with a damp cloth. True, it was rather a light cream colour but this should not prover a problem ... It took only three months for a problem to surface. Suddenly, whenever the suite was rubbed over, a number of dark spots were noticed on both arms of one chair but nowhere elle. Complaint was made to the retailer and an inspector was sent round who examined die offending area and said that there was nothing wrong as the spots could not be seen. Note de contenu : - Figure : Mould growth on wet blue, penicillium spores En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/12ulqOMy2D0fcukz2HECWB6-qJFK4K06k/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=35176 [article]

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