Manual dishwashing – How can it be optimized? / Natalie Fuss in TENSIDE, SURFACTANTS, DETERGENTS, Vol. 47, N° 5/2010 (09-10/2010)

[article]  inTENSIDE, SURFACTANTS, DETERGENTS > Vol. 47, N° 5/2010 (09-10/2010) . - p. 342-348 Titre : Manual dishwashing – How can it be optimized? Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Natalie Fuss, Auteur ; Rainer Stamminger, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : p. 342-348 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Surfactants Tags : Vaisselle  'Lavage  manuel'  Optimisation  'Consommation  d'eau' Index. décimale : 668.1 Agents tensioactifs : savons, détergents Résumé : The focus of this paper is to show an approach on how to optimize manual dishwashing. After presenting the method developed for simulating a repeatable manual dishwashing process, the report shows the results of the experimental study exploring the main impact factors for the optimization of the water consumption by applying a mathematical regression model. These experiments demonstrate that the water changes in the main washing bath and the water changes in the rinsing bath are significantly affecting the cleaning performance of the dishes. Concentration of cleanser is found to have a negative quadratic effect, and the interaction effect of the number of water changes in the rinsing bath with the amount of detergent (respectively Concentration of cleanser) is found to be significant. As an explanation of this behaviour, it is suspected that soil particles are transferred through foam residuals, which are not washed off in the rinsing bath. Because of several restrictions, such as having limited statistics and having excluded possible impact factors, the developed model aims at depicting tendencies of the impact factor effects and may not be generalized. Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=9971 [article]

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A Physical Method for Measuring the Drying Performance in Household Dishwashers / B. Rummler in TENSIDE, SURFACTANTS, DETERGENTS, Vol. 46, N° 1/1009 (01-02/2009)

[article]  inTENSIDE, SURFACTANTS, DETERGENTS > Vol. 46, N° 1/1009 (01-02/2009) . - p. 7-12 Titre : A Physical Method for Measuring the Drying Performance in Household Dishwashers Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : B. Rummler, Auteur ; Rainer Stamminger, Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : p. 7-12 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Evaporation Lave-vaisselle Matières de vidange Séchage Surfactants Index. décimale : 668.1 Agents tensioactifs : savons, détergents Résumé : A physical method for measuring the drying performance in household dishwashers, consisting of a hardware setup for automatically measuring the water reduction during the drying phase in a dishwasher programme cycle and a suitable physical model, is presented. The hardware setup is basically composed of a high precision scale connected to the baskets within a given household dishwasher. The time-varying weight values measured by this scale generate a weight function corresponding to water reduction during the drying phase. This weight function is subsequently subdivided in a draining phase and a vaporisation phase, modelled by a hyperbolic and by an exponential function, respectively. Using a least mean square optimization approach to different time intervals of the weight function, two well reproducible characteristic parameter sets are derived which are able to differentiate different rinsing products very well. Compared to the results of a conventional method for assessing drying performance by "counting drops" a good correlation with the performance of the rinsing products is obtained. Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=3714 [article]

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Resource saving by training – how much can be saved in manual dishwashing ? / Natalie Fuss in TENSIDE, SURFACTANTS, DETERGENTS, Vol. 48, N° 5 (09-10/2011)

[article]  inTENSIDE, SURFACTANTS, DETERGENTS > Vol. 48, N° 5 (09-10/2011) . - p. 359-365 Titre : Resource saving by training – how much can be saved in manual dishwashing ? Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Natalie Fuss, Auteur ; Rainer Stamminger, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : p. 359-365 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Tags : 'Lavage  vaisselle'  'Consommation  eau  optimale'  'Economie  eau' Index. décimale : 668.1 Agents tensioactifs : savons, détergents Résumé : Automatic dishwashing has been optimised in manifold ways during the last decades. But it is also necessary to optimise manual dishwashing, because almost every household still washes up at least a few items by hand. A procedure based on an experimental multi-factorial laboratory study was developed to wash up a specified number of dishes with good cleanliness and an optimum water consumption as results. This procedure was then translated into generalised dishwashing tips – called Best Practice Tips. These tips were used to run two comparative consumer laboratory studies: the first part of each study investigated the everyday dishwashing behaviour and resource consumption of consumers. The second part studied the behaviour and the resource consumption after a training on the Best Practice Tips. The comparison showed that with a larger number of dishes, relevant amounts of resources of energy and water can be saved, whereas with a smaller number of dishes, no significant reduction was found. This is possibly due to a different optimum for washing up only a few items. Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=12549 [article]

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Using fabric softeners, drying and ironing in Germany / Verena Braun in TENSIDE, SURFACTANTS, DETERGENTS, Vol. 48, N° 3/2011 (05/2011)

[article]  inTENSIDE, SURFACTANTS, DETERGENTS > Vol. 48, N° 3/2011 (05/2011) . - p. 210-220 Titre : Using fabric softeners, drying and ironing in Germany : a non-representative census of consumer behaviour Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Verena Braun, Auteur ; Rainer Stamminger, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : p. 210-220 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Assouplissants Blanchisseries et teintureries Consommateurs -- Préférences Nettoyage Repassage Séchage Index. décimale : 668.1 Agents tensioactifs : savons, détergents Résumé : During the annually arranged Action Day Sustainable Washing on May 10th, 5284 questionnaires about laundry treatment were collected from private people in Germany with the aim of obtaining information about consumer behaviour and attitudes towards sustainability. This is a non-representative census as only 15% of all respondents were male. Nevertheless, relative distribution and correlation provide a relevant insight into consumers’ behaviour towards washing, drying and ironing. The most important results of the analysis can be summed up as follows: – Nearly 50% of the respondents own a laundry-dryer. – Nearly one third of all respondents never use fabric softeners. The prevention of ecological damage was the reason for not using fabric softeners for 30% of the respondents. – About one fourth of all respondents always use fabric softeners, with younger people having a significantly higher attitude towards using them. – Under good weather conditions, about 90% of the respondents choose energy-saving alternatives to dry their laundry. – The average weekly time spent on ironing is about two hours on average of all respondents who gave information. The analysis shows that laundry treatment beyond the pure washing process is a multi-faceted process with several starting points of improvement in favour of sustainable handling. Note de contenu : - Demographic data - Household appliances - Laundry drying - Ironing - Dryer use Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=11702 [article]

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