Polymer-leather composites. VI. Mechanism of deposition of selected acrylate monomers by polymerization into 5-ounce chrome-tanned cattlehide / E. F. Jordan in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. XXVII (Année 1982)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. XXVII (Année 1982) . - p. 332-357 Titre : Polymer-leather composites. VI. Mechanism of deposition of selected acrylate monomers by polymerization into 5-ounce chrome-tanned cattlehide Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : E. F. Jordan, Auteur ; Bohdan Artymyshyn, Auteur ; Stephen H. Feairheller, Auteur Année de publication : 1982 Article en page(s) : p. 332-357 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Acrylates Les monomères acrylates sont un groupe d'esters faisant partie des vinyles, car renfermant une double liaison carbone-carbone et sont utilisés pour former des polyacryliques qui ont de multiples usages. Cuirs et peaux Monomères Polymères Polymérisation Tannage au chrome Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : Three acrylate monomers, methyl methacrylate, n-butyl acrylate, and a comonomer mixture of fixed n-butyl acrylate ( 59 percent ) and methyl methacrylate, were polymerized into 5-oz cattlehide by two processes. In one, the monomers were polymerized into the fibrous matrix by the standard emulsion process developed at this Center using a potassium persulfate-sodium bisulfite redox initiating system at room temperature. In the other, the same three monomers were introduced by bulk or solution polymerization into acetone-dried panels in a closed system at 60 degree. The rate of change of density with composition was completely different for the two types of composites. The widest range of composition was studied, far exceeding the practical range, to provide basic information on the mechanism of deposition and bound polymer formation for the emulsion process. It was observed that both the efficiency of producing chemically bound polymer and the number of polymer branches on the collagen declined as monomer content was incrementally increased. Because branch frequency thus decreased compared with the theoretical maximum, a controlling grafting mechanism was precluded. Characteristic kinetic constants that reflected the influence of changes in reaction variables indicated that deposition was controlled by emulsion polymer instability rather than being influenced by grafting. A mechanism was suggested involving aggregation of polymer in leather by coalescence of emulsion particles to form macrodimensional layers near the surfaces of cattlehide, fed by monomer diffusing to rapidly accumulating occluded radicals. Polymer-polymer crosslinking and strong adsorption of polymer coils to fiber surfaces accompanied by some surface grafting produced the bound polymer in this scheme. Note de contenu : - EXPERIMENTAL : Polymerization procedure - Physical properties - RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : A. Polymerization principles and composite formation concepts - B. Results, general features - C. Systems and deposition efficiencies - D. Density and plumping of the composites En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1mR-JTWQ20dQNZ-6BPeZa5t2BYYl-B5ZJ/view?usp=share [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=17462 [article]

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008515	-	Périodique	Archives	Documentaires	Exclu du prêt

Polymer-leather composites VII. Morphological and mechanical properties of selected acrylate-leather composite materials / Edmund F. Jordan in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. XXVII (Année 1982)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. XXVII (Année 1982) . - p. 508-532 Titre : Polymer-leather composites VII. Morphological and mechanical properties of selected acrylate-leather composite materials Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Edmund F. Jordan, Auteur ; Bohdan Artymyshyn, Auteur ; Alfred E. Everett, Auteur ; Robert J. Caroll, Auteur ; Mary V. Hannigan, Auteur ; Stephen H. Feairheller, Auteur Année de publication : 1982 Article en page(s) : p. 508-532 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : Morphological, mechanical, and water absorptive properties were obtained for the same polymer-leather composite materials whose preparation was described in the preceding paper. Light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to obtain micrographs of cross-sections of the composites and of their negative replicas. The latter consisted of isolated continuous polymer phase of the methyl methacrylate composites imprinted with the histological features of the parent leather. These replicas were obtained by hydrochloric acid digestion of the collagenous material from the composites, leaving behind the undisturbed polymer phase. Both light and SEM micrographs revealed that polymer was packed mostly in coarse, tight domains around individual fibers in fiber bundles, thus impeding fiber movement on deformation. Some polymer xas found in the vicinity of fibrils in the composites prepared from emulsions. Little protection from static imbibed water was afforded by either method of composite preparation (emulsion or bulk-solution), although rates for the latter were retarded. The relative stiffness of each composite compared to its untreated control, regardless of the modifying polymer introduced, increased with increase in polymer composition level to about 20 percent; thereafter the extent of stiffness depended on the inherent stiffness of the modifying polymer at ambient temperature. Relative stiffness could be decreased between 45 and 65 percent by staking and fatliquoring similarly prepared n-butyl acrylate (BA) + methyl methacrylate (MMA) composite materials containing 18 to 30 percent polymer. Relative tensile stregths declined with polymer increase in the order MMA > BA > BA + MMA. Note de contenu : - EXPERIMENTAL : Materials and procedures - Matching hide study - RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : Morphology - Water absorption - Mechanical properties at ambient temperature - The effect of temperature on mechanical properties - the effect of fatliquoring and staking on mechanical properties En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1WFcOQ6tjccdUL5cKfwbYKbzSsXYPeLl0/view?usp=share [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=17503 [article]

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Wet process technology II. the effect of process variations on hides and effluents + / Maryann M. Taylor in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. LXXXI (Année 1986)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. LXXXI (Année 1986) . - p. 19-34 Titre : Wet process technology II. the effect of process variations on hides and effluents + Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Maryann M. Taylor, Auteur ; Edward J. Diefendorf, Auteur ; John G. Phillips, Auteur ; Mary V. Hannigan, Auteur ; Bohdan Artymyshyn, Auteur ; Stephen H. Feairheller, Auteur ; David G. Bailey, Auteur Année de publication : 1986 Article en page(s) : p. 19-34 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : Detailed processes supplied by cooperating tanners describing the conversion of raw hides to the blue were duplicated in the Eastern Regional Research Center pilot scale tannery. Chemical analyses of the hides and the effluents were carried out on sample from each processing stage. In addition, physical testing and histological evaluation were performed on the hide at each stage of processing. This paper discusses some of the effects of process variations on the compositions of the hides and the effluents. En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1lrs1SnxaDF4-kuSGBj4C-9Iorc4otKFl/view?usp=share [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=9122 [article]

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008086	-	Périodique	Bibliothèque principale	Documentaires	Exclu du prêt

Wet process technology III. development of a standard process / Maryann M. Taylor in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. LXXXI (Année 1986)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. LXXXI (Année 1986) . - p. 43-61 Titre : Wet process technology III. development of a standard process Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Maryann M. Taylor, Auteur ; Edward J. Diefendorf, Auteur ; Mary V. Hannigan, Auteur ; Bohdan Artymyshyn, Auteur ; John G. Phillips, Auteur ; Stephen H. Feairheller, Auteur ; David G. Bailey, Auteur Année de publication : 1986 Article en page(s) : p. 43-61 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : A standard process which converts rawhide to the blue was developed which was typical of current techniques. A baseline of information was obtained which could be used to evaluate innovative processes. A description will be given of the process, its reproducibility, and the resulting chemical and physical analyses. En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1QytjRCS70D7OaMSlJBdX2cDizAfMJY-6/view?usp=share [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=9123 [article]

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008086	-	Périodique	Bibliothèque principale	Documentaires	Exclu du prêt

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