A comparison of statistical process control (SPC) and on-line multivariate analyses (MVA) for injection molding / David O. Kazmer in INTERNATIONAL POLYMER PROCESSING, Vol. XXIII, N° 5 (11/2008)  

[article]  inINTERNATIONAL POLYMER PROCESSING > Vol. XXIII, N° 5 (11/2008) . - p. 447-458 Titre : A comparison of statistical process control (SPC) and on-line multivariate analyses (MVA) for injection molding Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : David O. Kazmer, Auteur ; S. Westerdale, Auteur ; D. Hazen, Auteur Année de publication : 2008 Article en page(s) : p. 447-458 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Analyse multivariée Maîtrise statistique des processus Matières plastiques -- Moulage par injection Index. décimale : 668.9 Polymères Résumé : Manufacturing process automation is often impeded by limitations related to automatic quality assurance. Many plastics manufacturers use univariate statistical process control (SPC) for quality control by charting the critical process states relative to defined control limits. Alternatively, principal component analysis (PCA) and projection to latent stuctures (PLS) are multivariate methods that measure the process variance by the distance to the model (DModX) and the Hotelling t-squared (T2) values. A methodology for robust model development is described to perturb the manufacturing process for process characterization based on a design of experiments; best subset analysis is used to provide an optimal set of regressors for univariate SPC. Four different statistical models were derived from the same data set for a highly instrumented injection molding process. The performance of these models was then assessed with respect to fault diagnosis and defect identification when the molding process was subjected to twelve common process faults. Across two hundred molding cycles, the univariate SPC models correctly diagnosed five of the twelve process faults with one false positive, detecting only eighteen of twenty four defective products while indicating two false positives. With the same molding cycles, PCA and PLS provided nearly identical performance by correctly diagnosing ten of the twelve process faults and detecting twenty three of the twenty four defective products; PCA indicated two false positives while PLS indicated only one false positive. DOI : 10.3139/217.2192 En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1doYxndMfcRvgVJw5pbjvndTDY8uHIzFl/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=2615 [article]

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Estimation of bulk melt-temperature from in-mold thermal sensors for injection molding / S. P. Johnston in INTERNATIONAL POLYMER PROCESSING, Vol. XXX, N° 4 (08/2015)  

[article]  inINTERNATIONAL POLYMER PROCESSING > Vol. XXX, N° 4 (08/2015) . - p. 460-466 Titre : Estimation of bulk melt-temperature from in-mold thermal sensors for injection molding : Method Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : S. P. Johnston, Auteur ; G. A. Mendible, Auteur ; R. X. Gao, Auteur ; David O. Kazmer, Auteur Année de publication : 2015 Article en page(s) : p. 460-466 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Analyse des données Capteurs (technologie) Etat fondu (matériaux) Matières plastiques -- Moulage par injection Thermométrie Index. décimale : 668.4 Plastiques, vinyles Résumé : To improve part quality and consistency injection molders strive to control the temperature of the molten plastic during cavity filling. In-mold temperature sensors can effectively measure the temperature of the mold surface that contacts the melt; however, they do not provide a measure of the bulk melt temperature. An analysis was developed to use data from in-mold thermocouples to predict the plastic's bulk melt temperature. This analysis integrates the heat flux through the mold steel to calculate the bulk melt temperature. A mold instrumented with an in-mold thermocouple and an IR temperature sensor was used to validate the predictions. The effects of changing barrel temperature, coolant temperature, injection velocity, and cooling time were studied using a 21 run DOE. Validation was performed by comparing bulk temperature data from the IR temperature sensor with temperature predictions derived from the in-mold temperature sensor. Trends in the melt temperature were consistently predicted, however, the magnitudes were low due to residual heat remaining in the part at the end of the molding cycle. The analysis was more sensitive to process changes than raw data from the in-mold temperature sensor, thereby improving process observability. Note de contenu : - CONDITION ANALYSIS - EXPERIMENTAL - DATA ANALYSIS - RESULTS : Effect of barrel temperature - Effect of coolant temperature - Effect of injection velocity - Effect of cooling time DOI : 10.3139/217.3019 En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/18CB8ux5-8Go8bbi69awZputEEgYNrXzP/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=24855 [article]

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Estimation of bulk melt-temperature from in-mold thermal sensors for injection molding, part B : validation / G. A. Mendible in INTERNATIONAL POLYMER PROCESSING, Vol. XXXI, N° 3 (07/2016)  

[article]  inINTERNATIONAL POLYMER PROCESSING > Vol. XXXI, N° 3 (07/2016) . - p. 278-284 Titre : Estimation of bulk melt-temperature from in-mold thermal sensors for injection molding, part B : validation Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : G. A. Mendible, Auteur ; David O. Kazmer, Auteur ; R. X. Gao, Auteur ; S. P. Johnston, Auteur Année de publication : 2016 Article en page(s) : p. 278-284 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Capteurs thermiques Etat fondu (matériaux) Matières plastiques -- Moulage par injection Plan d'expérience Polymères -- Fusion Simulation par ordinateur Index. décimale : 668.4 Plastiques, vinyles Résumé : An analytical method for estimating the bulk melt temperature in the injection molding process by means of in-mold temperature sensors was presented in Part A of this article. This method was validated using a transient cooling simulation of an injection molding process. The simulation considered the heat flux and heat accumulation in the mold starting from process startup until steady state was achieved. For the simulation, a full 3D model of the mold geometry was developed. The average coolant temperature and the initial cavity wall temperature were evaluated as boundary conditions. The first was found to provide a more accurate prediction of the bulk melt temperature although it increases the sensitivity of the method to the temperature measurement. Overall, the trends correlated well for both simulated and experimental data as well as the bulk temperature measurements. Note de contenu : - METHODOLOGY : Molding trials - Materials properties - Simulation - RESULTS : Simulation accuracy - Validation of the prediction method DOI : 10.3139/217.3024 En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1zgvr2KT5imM7WG9qIarnkjL5z5wy7eu_/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=26639 [article]

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Feasibility analysis of an in-mold multivariate sensor / David O. Kazmer in INTERNATIONAL POLYMER PROCESSING, Vol. XXVI, N° 1 (03/2011)  

[article]  inINTERNATIONAL POLYMER PROCESSING > Vol. XXVI, N° 1 (03/2011) . - p. 63-72 Titre : Feasibility analysis of an in-mold multivariate sensor Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : David O. Kazmer, Auteur ; S. P. Johnston, Auteur ; R. X. Gao, Auteur ; Z. Fan, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : p. 63-72 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Ecoulement visqueux Etat fondu (matériaux) Matières plastiques -- Moulage par injection -- Appareils et matériel Viscosimétrie Viscosité Index. décimale : 668.9 Polymères Résumé : The initial design of a novel multivariate sensor is described for the measurement of melt temperature, melt pressure, melt velocity, melt viscosity, and mold temperature. Melt pressure and temperature are respectively obtained through the incorporation of a piezoceramic element and infrared photodetector within the sensor head. Melt velocity is derived from the initial response of the melt temperature as the polymer melt flows across the sensor’s lens. The apparent melt viscosity is then derived from the melt velocity and the time derivative of the increasing melt pressure given the cavity thickness. The feasibility of the envisioned sensor is then analyzed using a productiongrade mold that is instrumented with commercial piezoelectric pressure sensors, infrared pyrometer, and thermocouples. Several predictive models of part weight are developed using multiple regression of data obtained from a design of experiments to evaluate the capability of the envisioned multivariate sensor. The results indicate a correlation coefficient, R2, of 0.79 for a model based on the machine settings, 0.80 for a model based on a cavity pressure sensor, 0.90 for a model based on the multivariate sensor, and 0.98 for a non-linear model based on the multivariate sensor. The implication is that multiple orthogonal sensing streams with high fidelity models are necessary to provide automatic quality assurance sufficient for fully automated plastics manufacturing. DOI : 10.3139/217.2397 En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/16dwJo-zYo3LAZYHRIa7XGC50TQp5P_jX/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=11044 [article]

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Injection mold design engineering / David O. Kazmer / München [Germany] : Carl Hanser Verlag (2016)

Titre : Injection mold design engineering Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : David O. Kazmer, Auteur Mention d'édition : 2nd Edition Editeur : München [Germany] : Carl Hanser Verlag Année de publication : 2016 Importance : XXIV-529 p. Présentation : Ill. Format : 25 cm ISBN/ISSN/EAN : 978-1-56990-570-8 Prix : 125 E Note générale : Index - Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Matières plastiques -- Moulage par injection Matières plastiques, Travail des Index. décimale : 668.4 Plastiques, vinyles Résumé : This book provides a structured methodology and scientific basis for engineering injection molds. The topics are presented in a top-down manner, beginning with introductory definitions and the big picture before proceeding to layout and detailed design of molds. The book provides very pragmatic analysis with worked examples that can be readily adapted to real-world product design applications. It will help students and practitioners to understand the inner workings of injection molds and encourage them to think outside the box in developing innovative and highly functional mold designs. This new edition has been extensively revised with new content that includes more than 80 new and revised figures and tables, coverage of development strategy, 3D printing, in-mold sensors, and practical worksheets, as well as a completely new chapter on the mold commissioning process, part approval, and mold maintenance. Note de contenu : - Introduction to mold functions, types, and components - Review of design for injection molding - Cost estimating and optimization - Mold layout design including cavity, layout, sizing and materials selections - Cavity, runner systems, and gatin analysis and design - Cooling system analysis and design - Venting, shrinkage, and warpage analysis and strategies - Ejection force analysis and ejection system designs - Stress and deflection analysis and structural system designs - A survey of advanced mold design technologies - Mold commissioning process, part approval, and mold maintenance - Addtional coverage of 3D printing, in-mold sensors, and practical worksheets Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=27627

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A low force valve for dynamic control of molten plastics in a mold / David O. Kazmer in INTERNATIONAL POLYMER PROCESSING, Vol. XXI, N° 2 (05/2006)  

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A stiffness criterion for cooling time estimation / H. Xu in INTERNATIONAL POLYMER PROCESSING, Vol. XIV, N° 1 (03/1999)  

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Tight tolerance thermoforming / H. Xu in INTERNATIONAL POLYMER PROCESSING, Vol. XVI, N° 2 (06/2001)  

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Validation of an in-mold multivariate sensor for measurement of melt temperature, pressure, velocity, and viscosity / Gordon Guthrie in INTERNATIONAL POLYMER PROCESSING, Vol. XXXII, N° 4 (08/2017)  

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