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Indigenous Arctic fish skin / Elisa Palomino in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 105, N° 2 (03-04/2021)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC) > Vol. 105, N° 2 (03-04/2021) . - p. 59-71 Titre : Indigenous Arctic fish skin : A study of different traditional skin processing technology Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Elisa Palomino, Auteur ; Lotta Rahme, Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : p. 59-71 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Cuirs et peaux -- Conservation Cuirs et peaux -- Propriétés mécaniques Cuirs et peaux -- Propriétés physiques Cuirs et peaux de Poissons Pelage Saumons Tannage Tannage au chrome Tannage végétal Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : The use of fishskin for the construction of garments is an ancient tradition shared by Arctic societies along rivers and coasts. The specific Arctic groups with historical evidence of fish leather production are the Alutiiq, Yup'ik and Athabascan of Alaska; the Nivkh, Nanai and Ulchi Siberian peoples; the Ainu from Hokkaido island, Japan and Sakhalin Island, Russia; the Hezhen from northeast China; and Icelanders. The Arctic indigenous peoples have maintained a strong relationship with the environment, developing a subsistence lifestyle depending on marine animal resources for food and clothing. To a population dependent upon the sea for its daily livelihood and food, having the right clothing was of greatest importance. Fishskins were used as a protection against wind on parkas, boots, mittens and blankets. Traditional tanned fishskin artefacts not using any chemically active principles have lasted remarkably long in museums. The aim of the research was to identify the biochemical logic of the traditional tanning process using natural principles with a very low environmental impact in order to introduce them in a near future to contemporary industrial tanning, reducing the supply of chemicals, the environmental impact, generating cleaner water and less CO2. To evaluate the process, samples of fish leather were undertaken using skin processing technology based on traditional knowledge from Arctic indigenous communities. The results were compared to those of commercial contemporary chrome- and vegetable-tanned fish leather from the Icelandic tannery Atlantic Leather. Traditional methods used in this study include processing with bark, brain, urine, oil, corn flour and mechanical softening. Note de contenu : - THE COMPOSITION OF FISHKIN - TRADITIONAL FISHSKIN TANNING PROCESSES : Types of conservation - Skinning - Fleshing - Removing odour from skins - Tanning - TESTS : Surface morphology - Fastness properties - Physical and mechanical properties - CONCLUSIONS : Test conclusions - Overall conclusions - Table 1 : Tests on wild-caught salmon, Bothnian Bay, Sweden En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1rKdPxYwRDoPiQ-WuTs_PHKbCaPqIlYwO/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=35542 [article]

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Study on the degreasing of sheepskin by subcritical CH2Cl2 / Shanshan Yu in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 105, N° 2 (03-04/2021)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC) > Vol. 105, N° 2 (03-04/2021) . - p. 72-76 Titre : Study on the degreasing of sheepskin by subcritical CH2Cl2 Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Shanshan Yu, Auteur ; Yingxuan Wang, Auteur ; Meina Zhang, Auteur ; Hong Dai, Auteur ; Qiang Liu, Auteur ; Zongcai Zhang, Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : p. 72-76 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Cuirs et peaux -- Dégraissage Cuirs et peaux de moutons Dichlorométhane Le dichlorométhane (DCM) ou chlorure de méthylène (dénommé R30 dans la liste des gaz fluorés et frigorigènes), est un composé chimique se présentant à température ambiante comme un liquide incolore et volatil émettant une odeur douceâtre relativement forte pouvant mettre certaines personnes mal à l'aise. Son odeur est perceptible dès 200–300 ppm (dès 25 ppm ou seulement vers 600 ppm selon d'autres sources). Il est surtout utilisé comme solvant de composés organiques. Caractéristiques chimiques : Caractéristiques chimiques - Il est peu soluble dans l'eau (13 à 20 g·l-1 à 20 °C) ; - Il est miscible avec la plupart des solvants organiques ; - Solvant efficace sur de nombreux produits organiques (graisses, huiles, résines, etc.). - Il réagit violemment (explosion possible en présence de certains catalyseurs courants ou d'autres solvants chlorés) avec des poudres métalliques (aluminium, magnésium), et réagit spontanément et fortement avec les métaux alcalins, les bases fortes et les oxydants puissants. Extraction par solvant Température Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : In this paper, subcritical CH2Cl2 solvent was applied to the degreasing process of sheepskin. The optimal process parameters of degreasing were determined by single factor experiment and the degreasing efficiency was evaluated by the degreasing rate. The effect of degreasing temperature on the connection between hair and hair follicle, fat content of lipid cells and the fibre dispersion of the sheepskin were investigated through the use of optical microscope and the scanning electron microscope. The single experiments results showed that when the moisture content of the raw skin was about 60%, degreasing time was 50 minutes, degreasing temperature 39°C, and degreasing pressure 0.5MPa and the solid liquid ratio was 1:7. The degreasing rate of sheepskin with the subcritical CH2Cl2 extraction was 52%. The results of histological observation and scanning electron microscopy showed that the connection between the hair and the hair follicle is weakened and the lipid cells have a relatively low lipid content with increasing temperature. However; the fibres were well dispersed when the degreasing temperature was higher than 41°C, therefore, the most suitable degreasing temperature would be about 40°C. Compared with the traditional degreasing methods, subcritical CH2Cl2 extraction has the characteristics of clean and environmental protection, good fibre dispersion and good bond between hair and hair follicle. Note de contenu : - MATERIALS AND METHODS : Experimental instruments and materials - Sample preparation - Optimisation of subcritical CH2Cl2 extraction variables for degreasing process - Effect of degreasing temperature on the connection between hair and hair follicle - Effect of degreasing temperatures on the fibre dispersion - RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : Optimisation of degreasing process parameters - Effect of degreasing temperature on the connection betweenhair and hair follicle - Effect of degreasing temperature on dispersion of skin fibre - Table 1 : Single-factor experiment design table En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/13j7hoPwqKJt0tMrSRGNajc9BUT6TLBMo/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=35543 [article]

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Nano-TiO2/organic fluorine polyacrylate emulsion coating for leather in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 105, N° 2 (03-04/2021)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC) > Vol. 105, N° 2 (03-04/2021) . - p. 77-80 Titre : Nano-TiO2/organic fluorine polyacrylate emulsion coating for leather Type de document : texte imprimé Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : p. 77-80 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Angle de contact Antibactériens Caractérisation Copolymérisation Cuirs et peaux -- Finition Dioxyde de titane Fluor Nanoparticules Polyacrylates Polymérisation en émulsion Revêtements organiques Index. décimale : 675.2 Préparation du cuir naturel. Tannage Résumé : Nano-Ti02/organic fluorine polyacrylate emulsion was prepared by using dodecafluoroheptyl methacrylate (G04), modified nano-TiO2 , methyl methacrylate (MMA), ethyl acrylate (EA) as the main raw materials and potassium persulfate as the initiator. The structure of the emulsion was characterized by FTIR, TEM and UV, and the influence of nano-TiO2 and organic fluorine monomers on the application performance of leather was investigated. The results showed that the organic fluorine monomers and nano-TiO2 participated in the copolymerization with acrylate, the prepared emulsion had a core-shell structure, and KH570 improved the dispersion of nano-TiO2 Compared with pure polyacrylate emulsion, the UV transmittance of the composite emulsion was obviously decreased. The contact angle of leather to water was about 131.16° after finishing with fluorine-containing polyacrylate emulsion, which showed good hydrophobicity. After adding the polyacrylate emulsion containing nano-TiO2 to finish the leather, the inhibition zone diameter of Escherichia coli was 5.1mm, showing good antibacterial properties. With the introduction of nano-TiO2 and organic fluorine, the applied properties of the finished leather were also effectively improved. Note de contenu : - EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURES : Materials - Prepartion of modified nano-TiO2 - Preparation of nano-TiO2/organic fluorine polyacrylate emulsion - Finishing technology of leather - FTIR characterisation of latex films - TEM analysis of emulsion - TEM analysis of emulsion - Contact angle of finished leather to water - Test of antibacterial activity of finished leather - Testing of the finished leather applied properties - RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : FTIR analysis - TEM analysis - UV analysis - Measurement of contact angle of leather to water - Antibacterial activity of leather - Testing of the finished leather applied performance - Table 1 : Application performance of the finished leather En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1lEuv5JO8RIeW0cncBdA2v_1mkP47mal1/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=35544 [article]

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The use of inert oplymer spheres in retannage and fatliquoring floats. Reduced chemical use and environmental advantage / R. P. Daniels in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 105, N° 2 (03-04/2021)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC) > Vol. 105, N° 2 (03-04/2021) . - p. 81-83 Titre : The use of inert oplymer spheres in retannage and fatliquoring floats. Reduced chemical use and environmental advantage Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : R. P. Daniels, Auteur ; D. Cutner, Auteur ; A. Sadeghi, Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : p. 81-83 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Cuirs et peaux Eau -- Consommation -- Réduction Produits chimiques -- Consommation -- Réduction Produits de nourriture du cuir Retannage Sphères polymères Index. décimale : 675.2 Préparation du cuir naturel. Tannage Résumé : Inert polymer spheres, when used within processing floats, enhance the uptake of chemicals and products used in leather manufacture. The same float volume can be maintained, but with less water, hence increased chemical concentrations. This is useful in neutralising, retanning, dyeing and fatliquoring processes, especially where the chemical costs are high, and the materials complex. These applications enable production of the same types of leathers, but from lower chemical offers. It provides significant reductions in unused products, normally discharged for effluent treatment. Note de contenu : - Managing the chemical process - Sphere applications in neutralising, retanning, dyeing and fatliquoring systems - Chemical savings and reduced environmental demand - Panel 1 : Minimising water use En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1HPbNfM7xKKRaWe3arLFdsluzfYsOAH-0/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=35545 [article]

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Development and design of the software system of the whole-process management platform for chrome shavings / Qin Sun in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 105, N° 2 (03-04/2021)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC) > Vol. 105, N° 2 (03-04/2021) . - p. 84-89 Titre : Development and design of the software system of the whole-process management platform for chrome shavings Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Qin Sun, Auteur ; Bernd Noche, Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : p. 84-89 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Gestion Logiciels Tannage -- Déchets Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : This work introduces the background and the design of the platform for the whole-process management and the control of chrome shavings in the leather industry and the requirement for the software development. The platform contained five functional modules, namely, user management, enterprise information reporting, enterprise information query, early warning of the chrome shaving production, and the transportation management of chrome shavings. Finally, suggestions on the platform development and the design for the whole waste management of chrome shavings were put forward. Note de contenu : - Overall design of the supervisory platform - Software system : Selection of the structure of software system - User management module - Module of enterprise information reporting - Module of enterprise information query - Early-warning module of chrome shavings - Transport management module of chrome shavings - Significance and suggestions of the supervision platform - Fig. 1 : Technical routine of the supervisory platform - Fig. 2 : Module distribution - Fig. 3 : Functional classification of the system - Fig. 4 : The flow chart for the early-warning module - Table 1 : The comparison of C/S and B/S En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1asYYNTyxqKGj3-DdAtnfPtfXLK_U9TlW/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=35546 [article]

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Re-utilisation of biomass resources : preparation and application of an organic fertiliser based on waste cattle hair from tannery / Wang Yi in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 105, N° 2 (03-04/2021)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC) > Vol. 105, N° 2 (03-04/2021) . - p. 90-94 Titre : Re-utilisation of biomass resources : preparation and application of an organic fertiliser based on waste cattle hair from tannery Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Wang Yi, Auteur ; Ouyang Mai, Auteur ; Luo Jianxun, Auteur ; Zhang Zhijie, Auteur ; Du Manyi, Auteur ; Wu Peijun, Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : p. 90-94 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Biomasse Bisulfite de sodium Déchets organiques -- Recyclage Engrais organiques Fermentation Hydrolyse Hydroxyde de sodium L'hydroxyde de sodium, appelé également soude caustique7, est un corps chimique composé minéral de formule chimique NaOH, qui est à température ambiante un solide ionique. Fusible vers 318 °C, il se présente généralement sous forme de pastilles, de paillettes ou de billes blanches ou d'aspect translucide, corrosives et très hygroscopiques. Il est très soluble dans l'eau et légèrement soluble dans l'éthanol. La solution d'hydroxyde de sodium, souvent appelée soude, est une solution aqueuse transparente. Concentrée, elle est corrosive et souvent appelée lessive de soude. Les propriétés chimiques de l'hydroxyde de sodium sont surtout liées à l'ion hydroxyde HO- qui est une base forte. En outre, l'hydroxyde de sodium réagit avec le dioxyde de carbone (CO2) de l'air et se carbonate. La solubilité de la soude caustique dans l'eau augmente avec la température, à pression constante ou ambiante. Recyclage (déchets, etc.) Système pileux Index. décimale : 675.2 Préparation du cuir naturel. Tannage Résumé : In order to make effective use of cattle hair from a de-hairing process with hair-saving methods during the process of cleaner production in leather industry, complex oxidising materials (ammonium persulfate and hydrogen peroxide) were employed to oxidise and change the colour, structure of waste cattie hair. Then, sodium hydroxide and sodium bisulfite were employed to hydrolyse the de-coloured and de-structured cattle hair. The cattle hair hydrolysate was concentrated and was further fermented using a compound enzyme (neutral protease and pancreatin) so as to make it into an organic fertiliser. Comparing the colour and the structure of the cattle hair, the best conditions of the reaction temperature, the dosage of ammonium persulfate and hydrogen peroxide solution and reaction time for 20g dried cattle hair were confirmed to be 75°C, 4g, 9g and 60 minutes. when the dosage of sodium hydroxide, sodium bisulfite, and reaction time were 8g, 2g and 45 minutes, the hydrolysis rate of the cattle hair and the content of the cattle hair hydrolysate was 95.4% and 17.6%. The solids content of the concentrated cattle hair hydrolysate is 30.8%. when the fermenting conditions are those of 0.15% neutral protease, 0.15% pancreatin and 3 hours, the nitrogen content of the fermented liquid is 338.5mg/L and was prepared as an organic fertiliser that contributes to the growth of plants, which can realise the utilisation of waste cattle hair from the leather industry. Note de contenu : - EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE : Materials - Oxidation of waste cattle hair from tannery - Hydrolysis of oxidised cattle hair and concentration of hydrolysate - Fermentation of the concentrated hydrolysate of waste cattle hair - Applicationof hydrolysate and fermentation liquor of waste cattle hair - RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : Analysis of oxidised waste cattle hair - Analysis of hydrolysis and concentration of waste cattle hair - Analysis of fermentation of concentrated hydrolysate of waste cattle hair - Analysis of the growth of plant using different fertilisers - Table 1 : Parameters of orthogonal experiment of oxidising waste cattie hair - Table 2 : Experimental scheme of oxidized experiment of waste cattle hair with (NH4)2S208 and F1202 - Table 3 : Parameters of orthogonal experiment of hydrolysing waste cattie hair - Table 4 : Experimental scheme of hydrolysis experiment of waste cattie hair with NaOH and NaHSO3 - Table 5 : Parameters of orthogonal experiment of fermenting the hydrolysate - Table 6 : Experimental scheme of fermentation experiment of concentrated hydrolysate - Table 7 : Results of oxidation experiment of waste cattie hair with (NH4)2S208 and H202 - Table 8 : Results of hydrolysis experiment of waste cattie hair with NaOH and NaHSO3 - Table 9 : Results of fermentation experiment of concentrated waste cattie hair hydrolysate - Fig. 1 : Appearance of waste cattle hair - Fig. 2 : Appearance of oxidised and decoloured cattle hair - Fig. 3 : SEM photograph of waste cattle hair - Fig. 4 : SEM photograph of oxidised and decoloured cattle hair - Fig. 5 : Photos of carrot growing for 30 days - Fig. 6 : Photos of lettuce growing for 20 days - Fig. 7 : Photos of pak choi groing for 15 days En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1RP9r9j4h5adBa3mNWkwzTfQloZAUlYUC/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=35547 [article]

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Preparation of leather-based free-standing electrode and its electrochemical performance / Fei Ma in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 105, N° 2 (03-04/2021)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC) > Vol. 105, N° 2 (03-04/2021) . - p. 95-104 Titre : Preparation of leather-based free-standing electrode and its electrochemical performance Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Fei Ma, Auteur ; Ding Shaolan, Auteur ; Ren Huijun, Auteur ; Ren Jun, Auteur ; Liang Jianfang, Auteur ; yue Wang, Auteur ; Yinghua Ma, Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : p. 95-104 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Caractérisation Carbone Cuir Electrochimie Electrodes Energie -- Stockage Plaques (ingénierie) Surfaces -- Analyse Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : Based on the high proportion of nitrogen content and natural pore structure of leather, this paper uses discarded leather as a raw material to prepare a nitrogen-doped leather-based free-standing carbon sheet by a high-temperature carbonisation-air activation method. The porous carbon sheets are prepared with a relatively high surface area, and there are some partial micropores and mesopores in the well-interconnected macropores. The results show that the carbon sheets reveal a lower internai resistance in the 6mol L-1 KOH electrolyte used as a supercapacitor electrode. When the current density is 0.5A.g-1, ALCS-300 (Activated Leather Carbon Slices) obtains a specific capacitance of 136.5F.g-1. In addition, it has excellent cycle stability. After 5000 cycles at a current density of 1A.g-1, the specific capacity retention rate is 94.5%. Since it eliminates the need to add any chemical reagents and is low in cost during the carbonisation-activation (air) process, it does not require additional adhesives, conductive agents and current collectors during electrode assembly, which can further simplify the assembly process, so it provides a good alternative to carbon electrodes for energy storage device. Note de contenu : - EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURES : Experimental materials and reagents - Preparation of N-doped leather-based carbon sheets - Material characterisation - Electrochemical test - RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : Structure and morphological analyses of leather-based free-standing carbon sheets - Analyses of specific surface area and pore structure of leather-based free-standing carbon sheets - XRD analyses of leather-based free-standing carbon sheet - Raman spectroscopy analyses of leather-based free-standing carbon sheets - X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses of leather-based free-standing carbon sheets - Exploration of the formation mechanism of the pore structures of the leather-based free-standing carbon sheet - Analyses of the electrochemical properties of leather-based freestanding carbon sheets - Table 1 :Specific surface areas and pore volumes of LCS-900 and ALCS-300 - Table 2 : Elemental analyses of LCS-900 and ALCS-300 samples En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1f3dvuwDee2tn_pizU7434rfxdozGg7aQ/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=35548 [article]

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