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Auteur Fernando Maldonado
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IQAC-CSIC (Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia, Spanish National Research Council) - Barcelona - Spania
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Ajouter le résultat dans votre panier Affiner la rechercheAlternative fungicides : comparisons with conventional chemicals / Sara Cuadros in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 95, N° 6 (11-12/2011)
Titre : Alternative fungicides : comparisons with conventional chemicals Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Sara Cuadros, Auteur ; M. Angels Manresa, Auteur ; Joaquim Font, Auteur ; M. Elena Bautista, Auteur ; Fernando Maldonado, Auteur ; Agusti Marsal, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : p. 263-269 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Antifongiques
Concentration minimale inhibitrice (antimicrobiens)En microbiologie, la concentration minimale inhibitrice (CMI) est la plus faible concentration d'un produit chimique, généralement un médicament, qui empêche la croissance visible d'une ou de plusieurs bactéries. La CMI dépend du micro-organisme considéré, de l'être humain affecté (in vivo uniquement) et de l'antibiotique lui-même.
La CMI est déterminée en préparant des solutions du produit chimique in vitro à diverses concentrations croissantes, en incubant les solutions avec des groupes séparés de bactéries en culture et en mesurant les résultats en utilisant une méthode de dilution standardisée (agar ou microdilution). Les résultats se classent ensuite comme "sensible", "intermédiaire" ou "résistant" à un antimicrobien particulier en utilisant un point d'arrêt. Les points d'arrêt sont des valeurs convenues, publiées dans les directives d'un organisme de référence, comme le US Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI), la British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy (BSAC) ou le Comité européen sur les tests de sensibilité aux antimicrobiens (EUCAST). On a pu constater des écarts importants au niveau des points d'arrêt de divers pays européens au fil des ans, et entre ceux de l'EUCAST et du CLSI.
Alors que la CMI est la concentration la plus faible d'un agent antibactérien nécessaire pour inhiber la croissance visible, la concentration bactéricide minimale (CBM) est la concentration minimale d'un agent antibactérien qui entraîne la mort bactérienne. Plus la CMI est proche de la CBM, plus le composé est bactéricide.
La première étape de la découverte d'un médicament est souvent le dépistage d'un médicament candidat de banque de données pour les CMI contre les bactéries d'intérêt. En tant que tels, les CMI sont généralement le point de départ pour de plus grandes évaluations précliniques de nouveaux agents antimicrobiens. Le but de la mesure de la concentration minimale inhibitrice est de s'assurer que les antibiotiques sont choisis efficacement pour augmenter le succès du traitement. (Wikipedia)
Cuirs et peaux -- Conservation
Wet-blue (tannage)Peau tannée au chrome (le chrome donne une couleur bleue)Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : This work is focussed on the search for alternatives to the fungicides conventionally used in the tanning industry. These alternatives should have a high efficiency towards a wide range of fungi and should be less toxic, more environmentally friendly and cost effective.
The main objective of this work is to evaluate the fungicidal capacity of the selected compounds (registered i nthe 98/8/EC Directive) ; diiodomethyl-p-tolylsulfone (DIMPTS), 3-iodo-2-propynyl-N-butylcarbamate (IPBC) and thiobendazole (TBZ, 2-thiazol-4-yl-1H-benzo imidazole), against different strains of fungi. The fungicidal capacity of the selected compounds has been compared with that of fungicides conventionally used in tannery such as TCMTB and a proprietary mixture of phenolic compounds.
The fungicidal capacity of the selected molecules was tested against strains of the following fungi, described in the literature as responsible for damage during the process of leather manufacture : Aspergillus niger, Trichoderma harzianum, Alternaria alternata and Penincillium funiculosum.
The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the studied molecules against the selected fungi has been determined. Thereafter, a comparative study of the fungicidal capacity of the selected fungicides at different offers has been carried out with wet-blue leather. The results obtained confirm that two of the three fungicides studied diiodomethyl-p-tolylsulfone (DIMPTS) and 3-iodo-2-propynyl-N-butylcarbamate (IPBC) are good candidates as alternative fungicides to be used in the leather industry. Their potential application against a wider spectrum of fungi especially those isolated in tannery constitutes the aim of the next study together with toxicity evaluation associated to such application and the determination of the fungicide that remain in the different layers of leather.Note de contenu : - AIM OF THE WORK
- MATERIALS AND METHODS : Determination of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) - Preparation of a wet-blue skin free bactericides and fungicides - Control of fungal on wet-blue skin
- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : Determination of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) - Control of fungal growth on wet-blue skinEn ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1R2UG6MOOk0Lm197PeK3UFceH-UojerpF/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=12882
in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC) > Vol. 95, N° 6 (11-12/2011) . - p. 263-269[article]Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 13603 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible
Titre : Effect of skin type and direction of applied force on peel strength of skin layers Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : T. P. Ferrà ndiz-Gomez, Auteur ; M. Almela, Auteur ; J. M. Martin-Martinez, Auteur ; Fernando Maldonado, Auteur ; A. C. Orgilés-Barcelo, Auteur Année de publication : 1993 Article en page(s) : p. 115-122 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : Cohesive peel strengths of goat, ovine and bovine leathers have been determined by measuring the peel strength at 90° of leather-rigid polyvinylchloride joints which were bonded with a polyurethane adhesive. Differences in cohesion between different zones of each leather, as well as between the different directions and senses in which peel tests were carried out, showed up in all the leathers except ovine leather. The quantitative differences in peel strength can be attributed to the structural characteristics of each leather, and especially to the arrangement of the collagen fibres in the grain layer. Thus the belly and shoulder zones had the best cohesive properties. On the other hand, the consistency of the grain layer was smaller than that the corium layer, which had the strongest cohesion. Therefore in order to achieve sufficient adhesion in shoe making for example it is necessary to eliminate, by roughing, successive layers until the grain-corium interface is reached. En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1Ndhjld0hYL7w71eQFZ4M3nXtw2oPXOko/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=8473
in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC) > Vol. 77, N° 4 (07-08/1993) . - p. 115-122[article]Réservation
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Titre : Influence of the fat composition of greasy leathers on their bonding capacity Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : M. Almela, Auteur ; Fernando Maldonado, Auteur ; E. Verdù, Auteur ; M. J. Gascon, Auteur ; A. Carter, Auteur Année de publication : 1999 Article en page(s) : p. 32-38 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : The manufacture of footwear with greasy leathers can be estimated at about 25% of the total production with bovine leathers present. This type of leather causes problems in upper-sole bonding during footwear manufacturing. Therefore, the objective of this work is to study the composition of the greasy leathers that have previously been selected as particularly problematic for bonding. An attempt is made to determine what factors (distribution and/or type of grease) most negatively influence the adhesion capability of these materials, as well as to look for alterntive ways to modify these factors during manufacturing of the leather. In accordance with the results obtained in the characterization, modifications will be proposed throughout the thickness of the leather, and in terms of the products which must be used.
The experimental controls and procedures used were the followin :
1) Quantitative determination of the greasy extract according to standard ISO 4048
2) Analysis of the greasy extract
. Determination of unsaponifiable fraction (paraffin waxes and mineral oils)
. This layer chromatography (TLC)
. High pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC)
. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)
3) Determination of the bonding capacity of the greasy leather according to standards ISO 11644 and BS-5131 Sec. 1.1.2.
Leather that contain extractable greasy matter below 15 % of the dry weight of the material, do not present bonding problems, idependently of the composition of the greasy extract. If the leathers contain more than 15 % of extractable greasy matter they can be problematic for bonding depending on the composition of the greasy extract. Analysis and subsequent tests have shown that wax or mineral oils of high molecular weight are more detrimental for bonding. It is possible to imporove the bonding results of the difficult greasy leathers by modifying the composition of the grease, e.g. replacing paraffin waxes of high molecular weight with others of low molecular weight.
Our main conclusions were :
1) Leathers with greasy extract levels above 15 % can be difficult in bonding.
2) Paraffin waxes and mineral oils with a high molecular weight are the most detrimental components for bonding. BOth products are easy to detect by thin layer chromatography aplied to the extract.
3) Alternative grease products have been proposed.Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=7855
in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC) > Vol. 83, N° 1 (01-02/1999) . - p. 32-38[article]Réservation
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Titre : Moisture adsorption/desorption kinetics of bovine hide powder Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Albert M. Manich, Auteur ; Fernando Maldonado, Auteur ; Josep Carilla, Auteur ; M. Catalina, Auteur ; Agusti Marsal, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : p. 15-20 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Tags : Cuir Peau Cinétique Absorption/désorption Atmosphère humide Hygrométrie Essai Poudre bovine Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : Three differently treated samples of bovine hide powder were subjected to adsorption/desorption kinetics from 5 to 95 % relative humidity in a thermogravimetric balance equipped with a controlled humidity chamber. As hygroscopic specimens take a very long time to reach equilibrium, testing times were shortened and kinetic models based on the experimental results were developed to calculate the adsorption at equilibrium, the time of half adsorption/desorption, the rate of half adsorption and the apparent coefficient of diffusion suggests that the rate of moisture adsorption is determined by the rate of diffusion inside the sample. En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1hV6eOT2GHWgrJDqjTnkRo0PRJL8YHog5/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=8306
in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC) > Vol. 94, N° 1 (01-02/2010) . - p. 15-20[article]Réservation
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Titre : Moisture sorption/desorption of collagen Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Albert M. Manich, Auteur ; Fernando Maldonado, Auteur ; Josep Carilla, Auteur ; M. Catalina, Auteur ; Agusti Marsal, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : p. 229-241 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Tags : Sorption/désorption Collagène Cuir 'Poudre de peau' 'Sorption dynamique vapeur' 'Brunaeur Emmett and Teller' (BET) 'Guggenheim, Andersen Boer' (GAB) Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : Moisture sorption/desorption of two physical forms of collagen (hide powder and leather) was studied. Despite the fact that the testing of sorption/desorption behavior is time consuming, the application of a Dynamic Vapor Sorption analyzer enabled us to characterize the sorption/desorption behavior of materials in a relatively short time. Differences in sorption and desorption can be related to the accessibility and internal tortuosity of the materials. BET and GAB models were used to analyze variations in monolayer sorption capacity (internal sorption surface) of different forms of collagen (hide powder and leather). Variations in the energy constants related to primary and secondary sorption were also considered. Given that tests in desorption were performed, the BET and GAB models were also fitted to desorption and the differences observed in the parameters were analyzed. A model of sorption-desorption for porous materials was devised to account for the differences between sorption and desorption. En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1rsA4uYRuzAn7zyFwTQxNmytTwMlJYPQn/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=9722
in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. CV, N° 7 (07/2010) . - p. 229-241[article]Réservation
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