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Accelerated liming process using phase transfer catalyst / N. Vedaraman in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CXI, N° 5 (05/2016)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. CXI, N° 5 (05/2016) . - p. 171-177 Titre : Accelerated liming process using phase transfer catalyst Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : N. Vedaraman, Auteur ; K. V. Sandhya, Auteur ; K. C. Velappan, Auteur ; Chellappa Muralidharan, Auteur Année de publication : 2016 Article en page(s) : p. 171-177 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Catalyse par transfert de phase Chaulage Cuirs et peaux de chèvres Gonflement (physique) Hydroxyde de tétraméthylammonium Productivité Travail de rivière (cuir) Index. décimale : 675.2 Préparation du cuir naturel. Tannage Résumé : In the present work, effect of using phase transfer catalysts (PTC) was studied in liming and re-liming processes of goat skin, for decrease in the processing time, thereby increasing productivity. Three different Phase Transfer Catalysts; Tetramethylammonium Hydroxide (TMAH), Tetraethylammonium Hydroxide (TEAH) and Tetrabutylammonium Hydroxide (TBAH) were chosen and experiments were conducted on liming and re-liming of goat skin to select suitable catalyst in comparison with the conventional liming process. The monitoring parameters were ease of hair removal and increase in pelt weight to find the maximum swelling and plumping. After determining the optimal PTC amount, studies were also carried out on reuse of liquor containing PTC with replenishment. Use of TMAH in liming process was found to bring about significant time reduction and could bring improved swelling in liming and re-liming processes. Note de contenu : - EXPERIMENTAL : Materials - Method - Liming of goat skin using three different phase transfer catalysts - Optimization of amount of TMAH required for liming process - Reusing of lime liquor with additional TMAH replenishment - The effect of TMAH in re-liming of goat skin - Reusing of relime liquor with additional TMAH replenishment - RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : Average value of three experiments - Average value of three evaluations En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/17eQLi6rCFWCWdf0pdsh3ByZsXHrPt3Sh/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=26218 [article]

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The effect of cloisite Na+ nanoclay filler on the morphology and mechanical properties of loose leather / Sujay Prabakar in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CXI, N° 5 (05/2016)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. CXI, N° 5 (05/2016) . - p. 178-184 Titre : The effect of cloisite Na+ nanoclay filler on the morphology and mechanical properties of loose leather Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Sujay Prabakar, Auteur ; Catherine P. Whitby, Auteur ; Anna M. Henning, Auteur ; Geoff Holmes, Auteur Année de publication : 2016 Article en page(s) : p. 178-184 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Argile Caractérisation Charges (matériaux) Cloisite Cuirs et peaux -- Propriétés mécaniques Ions sodium Morphologie (matériaux) Nanoparticules Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : Looseness describes a structural fault in leather, which leads to the development of wrinkles on the surface when the leather is bent inwards. It causes up to 7% of hides processed to finished leather to be downgraded or rejected at final inspection, requiring replacement and causing delay in meeting orders. Fillers can fill the interstitial spaces in loose leathers and make the looseness less pronounced. Here, the effect of Cloisite®Na+, ananoclay filler, on loose cattle hides is investigated by electron microscopy and mechanical characterization. Whilst SEM studies show an apparent filling effect in the grain-corium boundary at increasing concentrations of filler, TEM images show that at an optimum concentration of 3% uniform dispersion of the filler along with good handle can be obtained. A gradual increase in tensile and tear strength is observed with increasing concentration of Cloisite® Na+, however softness measurements correlated with microscopic observations in that only at optimum concentrations can both good handle and mechanical strength be achieved. We discuss a possible mechanism for the change in mechanical properties and handle of the loose leather after treating with Cloisite®Na+. The mechanistic study of such treatments on low quality hides will result in the production of leathers with more uniform cutting area and added functionality. Note de contenu : - EXPERIMENTAL SECTION : Materials - Application of cloisite Na+ to loose leather - Characterization - Physical and mechanical characterization - RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : Physical and mechanical studies of cloisite Na+ treated leather En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/17ECa72PjdsqY5D0R0ZHqZ_lab41Qqjbn/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=26221 [article]

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Low carbon products to design innovative leather processes. Part IV : Manufacture of automotive leather using tara / Lluis Ollé in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CXI, N° 5 (05/2016)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. CXI, N° 5 (05/2016) . - p. 185-191 Titre : Low carbon products to design innovative leather processes. Part IV : Manufacture of automotive leather using tara Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Lluis Ollé, Auteur ; Jorge Díaz, Auteur ; Concepcio Casas, Auteur ; Anna Bacardit, Auteur Année de publication : 2016 Article en page(s) : p. 185-191 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Cuir dans les automobiles Eaux usées Formulation (Génie chimique) Glutaraldéhyde Prétannage Retannage Tara et constituants C'est un petit arbre épineux avec des gousses plates rouge qui pousse dans les zones sèches du Pérou, Amérique du Sud. Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : In three previous studies, it has been used the fruit of the tara tree (Cæsalpinia Spinosa) as a pre-tanning agent1. This new tailored tara product will be able to facilitate the penetration of the tannin molecules through the leather section, avoiding or reducing the use of aldehydes, syntans, common vegetable tannins and other mineral salts. The aim of this part of the study is to manufacture final articles meeting the parameters set by different regulations, and assess if this modified tara can be marketed and used in the industry to replace some less sustainable products. Note de contenu : Table 1. Pre-tanning formulation using tara Table 2. Pre-tanning formulation using glutaraldehyde Table 3. Re-tanning, dyeing and fatliquoring for automotive leather using modified tara Table 4. Re-tanning, dyeing and fatliquoring for automotive leather using conventional tara Table 5. Pollution in waterballast of pre-tannage Table 6. Tannins determination in new pre-tanning final float Table 7. Pollution in wastewaters of re-tanning En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1f9QHHOxVrYrCM7nMLtT7NfKWaAOHqBpj/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=26222 [article]

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Preparation of biobased sponges from up-tanned hides / Aisha Siddique in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CXI, N° 5 (05/2016)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. CXI, N° 5 (05/2016) . - p. 192-199 Titre : Preparation of biobased sponges from up-tanned hides Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Aisha Siddique, Auteur ; Nicholas P. Latona, Auteur ; Maryann M. Taylor, Auteur ; Cheng-Kung Liu, Auteur Année de publication : 2016 Article en page(s) : p. 192-199 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Analyse mécanique dynamique Cuirs et peaux -- Emploi en thérapeutique Eponges Humidité -- Absorption:Eau -- Absorption Poids moléculaires Tannage Index. décimale : 675.2 Préparation du cuir naturel. Tannage Résumé : One of our research endeavors to address ongoing challenges faced by the U.S. hide and leather industries is to develop innovative uses and novel biobased products from hides to improve prospective markets and to secure a viable future for hides and leather industries. We had previously investigated the production of nonwoven, green composites, and films from collagen fiber networks, which were extracted from un-tanned hides and from tannery solid wastes, such as splits or trimmings. Recently, we investigated the preparation of biobased sponges from un-tanned, specifically limed hides, which have potential commercial applications in medical care. We also investigated the effects of processing steps such as bating and alkaline treatments using sodium hydroxide (NaOH) on the morphology and viscoelasticity of resultant sponges from un-tanned hides. Results showed that the treatments of fiber networks have significant effects on the properties of resultant sponges. The dynamic mechanical analysis showed alkaline treatments yielded stiffer sponges than limed and bated samples. SDS-PAGE analysis showed the molecular weights of sponges were maintained in the range as those of commercial collagen samples. Lastly the resultant sponges are in the desirable apparent density range for a potential application as a medical sponge. Note de contenu : - EXPERIMENTAL : Materials and procedures - Dynamic mechanical analysis - Molecular weight distribution - Microscopic observations - Water absorption capacity - RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : Water absorption capacity - Dynamic mechanical behavior En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1JZ_hLIKPyQWLLkifRJ9NdQJduTlI5YhD/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=26223 [article]

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