Characterization and control of antibiotic-resistant calmati saltern's isolates with bacteriocins / Pinar Caglayan in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CXVII, N° 8 (08/2022)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. CXVII, N° 8 (08/2022) . - p. 315-329 Titre : Characterization and control of antibiotic-resistant calmati saltern's isolates with bacteriocins Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Pinar Caglayan, Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Article en page(s) : p. 315-329 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Bactéries -- Identification Bactéries -- Isolement Bactéries halophiles Bactériocines Les bactériocines sont une famille de peptides ou protéines synthétisés naturellement par certaines bactéries. Une bactériocine consiste généralement en un composé protéique de 20 à 60 acides aminés. Les bactériocines ne sont pas des antibiotiques mais elles possèdent des propriétés antibiotiques : - Elles peuvent être bactériocides, c'est-à-dire éliminer certains micro-organismes. - Elles peuvent être bactériostatiques, c'est-à-dire inhiber la croissance de certains micro-organismes. Caractérisation Concentration bactéricide minimale La concentration bactéricide minimale (CBM) est la plus faible concentration d'un agent antibactérien nécessaire pour tuer une bactérie particulière1. Elle peut être déterminée à partir des tests de concentration minimale inhibitrice (CMI) de dilution en bouillon en repiquant les bactéries sur des plaques d'agar qui ne contiennent pas l'agent antibactérien que l'on teste. La CBM est identifiée en déterminant la concentration la plus faible d'agent antibactérien qui réduit la viabilité de l'inoculum bactérien initial à un niveau supérieur ou égal à 99,9%. La CBM est complémentaire à la CMI ; alors que le test CMI indique le niveau le plus bas d'agent antimicrobien qui inhibe la croissance, le CBM indique le niveau le plus bas d'agent antimicrobien qui entraîne la mort microbienne. Cela signifie que même si une CMI particulière montre une inhibition, le repiquage des bactéries sur de la gélose peut encore entraîner la prolifération de l'organisme car l'antimicrobien n'a pas causé la mort. Les agents antibactériens sont généralement considérés comme bactéricides si la CBM ne dépasse pas quatre fois la CMI. Comme le test CBM utilise des unités formant colonies comme mesure indirecte de la viabilité bactérienne, il peut être biaisé par des agents antibactériens qui provoquent l'agrégation des cellules bactériennes. On peut citer en exemples les flavonoïdes et les peptides. (Wikipedia) Concentration minimale inhibitrice (antimicrobiens) En microbiologie, la concentration minimale inhibitrice (CMI) est la plus faible concentration d'un produit chimique, généralement un médicament, qui empêche la croissance visible d'une ou de plusieurs bactéries. La CMI dépend du micro-organisme considéré, de l'être humain affecté (in vivo uniquement) et de l'antibiotique lui-même. La CMI est déterminée en préparant des solutions du produit chimique in vitro à diverses concentrations croissantes, en incubant les solutions avec des groupes séparés de bactéries en culture et en mesurant les résultats en utilisant une méthode de dilution standardisée (agar ou microdilution). Les résultats se classent ensuite comme "sensible", "intermédiaire" ou "résistant" à un antimicrobien particulier en utilisant un point d'arrêt. Les points d'arrêt sont des valeurs convenues, publiées dans les directives d'un organisme de référence, comme le US Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI), la British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy (BSAC) ou le Comité européen sur les tests de sensibilité aux antimicrobiens (EUCAST). On a pu constater des écarts importants au niveau des points d'arrêt de divers pays européens au fil des ans, et entre ceux de l'EUCAST et du CLSI. Alors que la CMI est la concentration la plus faible d'un agent antibactérien nécessaire pour inhiber la croissance visible, la concentration bactéricide minimale (CBM) est la concentration minimale d'un agent antibactérien qui entraîne la mort bactérienne. Plus la CMI est proche de la CBM, plus le composé est bactéricide. La première étape de la découverte d'un médicament est souvent le dépistage d'un médicament candidat de banque de données pour les CMI contre les bactéries d'intérêt. En tant que tels, les CMI sont généralement le point de départ pour de plus grandes évaluations précliniques de nouveaux agents antimicrobiens. Le but de la mesure de la concentration minimale inhibitrice est de s'assurer que les antibiotiques sont choisis efficacement pour augmenter le succès du traitement. (Wikipedia) Microbiologie Résistances aux antibiotiques Sels de sodium Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : Camalti Saltern is the largest solar saltern in Izmir, Turkey. The salt obtained from Camalti Saltern is used in food and leather industries to prevent bacterial growth. In this saltern, seawater is pumped into shallow ponds. Then, the sun and wind cause evaporation and crystallization, finally sea salt is produced. Due to the fact that Camalti Saltern contains various halophilic bacteria, the goals of the present study were to isolate and identify haloversatile bacteria from Camalti Saltern’s brine samples, to examine their antibiotic resistance profiles, to determine antimicrobial activities under optimum environmental conditions, to determine bacteriocin concentration by Bradford Method, to detect Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentrations (MBC) of bacteriocins against multidrug-resistant isolates, and to observe the cell structure of bacteriocin-treated bacteria under SEM. Sixteen bacterial isolates were recovered from Camalti Saltern’s brine samples and were identified as 14 different species (Bacillus haynesii, Bacillus simplex, Bacillus subtilis subsp. stercoris, Bacillus pumilus,Staphylococcus petrasii subsp. jettensis, Staphylococcus saprophyticus subsp. saprophyticus, Kocuria sediminis, Rhodococcus enclensis, Marinobacter hydrocarbonoclasticus, Vibrio olivae, Marinomonas communis, Pseudomonas psychrotolerans, Salinivibrio costicola subsp. vallismortis, Vibrio neocaledonicus). Percentages of antibiotic resistance of isolates were 63% to aztreonam, 50% to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, 44% to ampicillin, 44% to cefadroxil, 31% to imipenem, 19% to ampicillin/sulbactam, 6% to chloramphenicol, 6% to tetracycline, 6% to mupirocin, 6% to meropenem. The bacteriocin concentrations of Rhodococcus enclensis and Salinivibrio costicola subsp. vallismortis were measured as 1.02 mg/mL and 1.25 mg/mL, respectively. Bacteriocins of Rhodococcus enclensis and Salinivibrio costicola subsp. vallismortis, which were not resistant to any antibiotics tested,exhibited the inhibitory effect against Kocuria sediminis resistant to ten antibiotics and Bacillus pumilus resistant to four antibiotics. Bacteriocin of Salinivibrio costicola subsp. vallismortis also demonstrated the inhibitory effect against Pseudomonas psychrotolerans resistant to five antibiotics. Scanning electron micrographs showed that cell morphologies of bacteriocin-treated isolates (Kocuria sediminis, Bacillus pumilus, Pseudomonas psychrotolerans) were damaged. In conclusion, bacteriocins produced from the haloversatile Camalti saltern isolates may be used in the leather industry to prevent the growth of antibiotic-resistant haloversatile bacteria. Note de contenu : - Sample collection - Isolation of bacteria - Characterization of the isolates - Amplification and sequencing of 16S rRNA genes - Nucleotide accession number - Antibiotic susceptibility - Preparation of cell-free supernatant - Screening of antimicrobial activity among the test isolates - Determination of protein concentration using Bradford method - Optimum conditions for bacteriocin production from Rhodococcus enclensis and Salinivibrio costicola subsp. vallismortis - Effect of heat on bacteriocins produced by Rhodococcus enclensis and Salnivibrio costicola subsp. vallismortis - Effect of pH on bacteriocins produced by Rhodococcus enclensis and Salinivibrio costicola subsp. vallismortis - Effect of NaCl concentration on bacteriocins produced by Rhodococcus enclensis and Salinivibrio costicola subsp. vallismortis - Effect of enzymes (Proteinase K and Lipase) on bacteriocins produced by Rhodococcus enclensis and Salinivibrio costicola subsp. vallismortis - Minimum inhibitory concentrations and minimum bactericidal concentrations of bacteriocins against multidrug-resistant isolates - Preparation of bacteriocin-treated and bacteriocin-untreated cells for scanning electron microscopy - Table 1 : Characteristics of haloversatile bacteria isolated from brine samples of the Camalti Saltern - Table 2 : Inhibition zone diameter measurements (mm) of haloversatile bacteria isolated from brine samples of the Camalti Saltern - Table 3 : Inhibitory effect of bacteriocin produced by bacterial isolates against each other - Table 4 : Inhibition zone diameters (mm) of multidrug-resistant haloversatile bacteria against bacteriocins obtained from Rhodococcus enclensis, Salinivibrio Costicola subsp. vallismortis at different incubation temperatures, pH and NaC1 concentrations - Table 5 : The effects of different temperatures, pH, NaC1 concentrations, proteinase K and lipase enzymes on antibacterial effect of bacteriocins - Table 6 : The Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations of bacteriocin produced from Rhodococcus enclensis against Kocuria sediminis and Bacillus pumilus - Table 7 : The Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations of bacteriocin produced from Salinivibrio costicola subsp. vallismortis against Kocuria sediminis, Bacillus pumilus and Pseudomonas psychrotolerans DOI : https://doi.org/10.34314/jalca.v117i8.5982 En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1G3HZoIp4GH7W3A22JxMjjbmRimXH0dkk/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=37824 [article]

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Identification of slightly halophilic bacteria from salted sheepskin samples and investigation of their biotechnological importance / Dilek Yalcin in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 108, N° 1 (01-02/2024)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC) > Vol. 108, N° 1 (01-02/2024) . - p. 10-22 Titre : Identification of slightly halophilic bacteria from salted sheepskin samples and investigation of their biotechnological importance Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Dilek Yalcin, Auteur ; Pinar Caglayan, Auteur ; Didem Berber, Auteur Année de publication : 2024 Article en page(s) : p. 10-22 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Antimicrobiens Bactéries -- Identification Bactéries halophiles Bactériocines Les bactériocines sont une famille de peptides ou protéines synthétisés naturellement par certaines bactéries. Une bactériocine consiste généralement en un composé protéique de 20 à 60 acides aminés. Les bactériocines ne sont pas des antibiotiques mais elles possèdent des propriétés antibiotiques : - Elles peuvent être bactériocides, c'est-à-dire éliminer certains micro-organismes. - Elles peuvent être bactériostatiques, c'est-à-dire inhiber la croissance de certains micro-organismes. Cuirs et peaux de moutons Diéthyldithiocarbamate de sodium Enzymes microbiennes Peaux salées Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : In the leather industry, skins/hides are salted immediately after the animal is slaughtered to prevent the enzymatic activities of bacteria. Although the salt-curing method prevents the growth of mesophilic bacteria, halophilic bacteria can develop in skins/hides that are stored for a long time, causing a decrease in leather quality. In the literature, it has been stated that slightly halophilic bacteria are isolated from products with a certain concentration of salt content. Since there is no study on the presence of these bacteria in salted raw hides, slightly halophilic bacteria were isolated and molecularly identified from ten sheepskin samples which were stored at 20°C for 6 months in our study. Also their biotechnologically important enzymes were evaluated, their bacteriocin production capacity was determined and the antibacterial efficacy of a chemical (sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate) used in the leather industry at certain concentrations were tested against these isolates. The total number of slightly halophilic bacteria, the total number of proteolytic slightly halophilic bacteria and the total number of lipolytic slightly halophilic bacteria in skin samples were determined as 1 x 104 – 4 x 105CFU/g, 2 x 103 – 4 x 104CFU/g and 1 x 102 – 3 x 104CFU/g, respectively. A total of 20 slightly halophilic bacteria were isolated from skin samples. Gram-positive and rod-shaped isolates showed optimum growth at 3-5% salt, 37°C-45°C and pH7-8. Protease, lipase, DNase, pullulanase, xylanase and cellulase produced by 100%, 61%, 83%, 11%, 44%, 88% isolates, respectively. In addition, oxidase and catalase activities were detected in all isolates. It has been determined that the isolates were able to produce acids from different sugar sources (D-xylose, D-mannose, D-ribose, sucrose) and can use amino acids (L-cysteine, L-glycine, L-alanine, L-threonine) found in the skin’s structure. According to the 16S rRNA sequence analysis results, the isolates belonged to the Bacillus genus (B. rugosus, B. amyloliquefaciens, B. haynesii, B. aerius, B. safensis, B. pumilus, B. kochii, B. mojavensis and B. atrophaeus). Among all isolates producing bacteriocin, the bacteriocin produced by Bacillus aerius had a thermostable structure, did not lose its activity at high pH and salt values, completely inactivated its activity when treated with proteinase K enzyme, and had its antibacterial activity when treated with lipase enzyme. Therefore, considering that some species are resistant to antimicrobials, purified bacteriocins can be used as a preservative in the leather industry. The isolates were sensitive to tested chemical substance at a certain concentrations (4000, 2000, 1000, 500, 250, 125, 62.5, 31.2, 15.6, 7.8μg/mL) and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) were detected. The MIC values of the isolates were determined as as 62.5μg/mL (B. rugosus), 31.2μg/mL (B. haynesii, B. safensis, B. mojavensis) 15.6μg/mL (B. amyloliquefaciens, B. aerius, B. kochii) 7.8μg/mL (B. pumilus) and 3.9μg/mL (B. atrophaeus). In this way, unnecessary use of chemicals in the soaking process will be prevented. Note de contenu : - Collection of salted sheepskin samples - Total number of slightly halophilic bacteria and isolation process - Detection of total numbers of proteolytic and lipolytic slightly halophilic bacteria - Determination of salt concentrations, temperatures and pH values for each isolate - Enzymatic activity tests of isolates - Biochemical tests of isolates - Molecular identification - Investigation of bacteriocin production capabilities of slightly nalophilic bacteria - Effects of different environmental conditions on bacteriocin activity - Determination of susceptibility of isolated slightly halophilic bacteria to antimicrobial agent by disk diffusion method - Table 1 : The total number of slightly halophilic bacteria, proteolytic slightly halophilic bacteria and lipolytic slightly halophilic bacteria in sheepskin samples (CFU/g) - Table 2 : Salt concentration, pH and temperature range results in which slightly halophilic bacteria isolates can grow - Table 3 : Isolate codes, base length (bp), similarity rate (%), phylogenetically similar species and accession numbers of slightly halophilic bacteria isolates - Table 4 : Frequency of slightly halophilic bacteria isolates in salted sheepskins - Table 5 : Biochemical characteristics and enzymatic activity results of isolates - Table 6 : Bacteriocin production of slightly halophilic bacterial isolates against each other - Table 7 : Determining optimum environmental conditions for bacteriocin activity - Table 8 : Antimicrobial effect of tested antimicrobial agent against isolates of slightly halophilic bacteria B. haynesii B. rugosus B. safensis B. mojavensis B. atrophaeus B. amyloliquefaciens B. aerius En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1rqhgvBtB4BA4cbuNl03NaM2VE62-SqSR/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=40928 [article]

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Inhibiting lipolytic haloarchaeal damage on brine cured hide with halocin producer strains / Meral Birbir in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 91, N° 2 (03-04/2007)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC) > Vol. 91, N° 2 (03-04/2007) . - p. 69-72 Titre : Inhibiting lipolytic haloarchaeal damage on brine cured hide with halocin producer strains Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Meral Birbir, Auteur ; S. Erylmaz, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p. 69-72 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Bactériocines Les bactériocines sont une famille de peptides ou protéines synthétisés naturellement par certaines bactéries. Une bactériocine consiste généralement en un composé protéique de 20 à 60 acides aminés. Les bactériocines ne sont pas des antibiotiques mais elles possèdent des propriétés antibiotiques : - Elles peuvent être bactériocides, c'est-à-dire éliminer certains micro-organismes. - Elles peuvent être bactériostatiques, c'est-à-dire inhiber la croissance de certains micro-organismes. Cuirs et peaux -- Conservation Inhibition microbienne Lipases Les lipases sont des enzymes hydrosolubles capables d'effectuer l'hydrolyse de fonctions esters et sont spécialisées dans la transformation de triglycéride en glycérol et en acides gras (lipolyse). À ce titre, elles constituent une sous-classe des estérases. Lipolyse Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : The Kaldırım and Kayacık Salterns of Tuz Lake in Central Anatolia are the main salt sources of Turkey. 55% of the salt requirements of Turkey is supplied from these salterns. 492 000 and 620 000 tons of salt were produced from Kaldırım and Kayacık Salterns in 2004, respectively. Crude salt extracted from these salt sources is commonly used in hide preservation. Lipolytic extremely halophilic Archaea found in the salt may reduce hide quality. Therefore, a microbial survey was conducted to examine lipolytic activities of the strains isolated from Kaldırım and Kayacık Salterns and determine whether or not halocins which were produced by the strains of Kaldırım and Kayacık Salterns may be used to inhibit lipolytic haloarchaeal strains in brine solutions. The levels of lipase producer strains in the both salterns was found to be almost similar. 39% of Kaldırım Saltern’s strains and 43% of Kayacık Saltern’s strains produced lipase. 89% of Kaldırım Saltern’s strains and 29% of Kayacık Saltern’s strains produced halocins effective against each other. It was found that lipase negative halocin producers of both Kaldırım and Kayacık Salterns were able to inhibit lipase positive strains in these salterns. Hence, it is recommended that lipase negative halocin producers or their halocin extracts may be used in preventing the haloarchaeal deterioration that can occur during brine curing of hides when using crude salt from whatever source. Note de contenu : - Growth conditions of extremely halophilic strains - Lipase activity - Halocin activity - Table 1 : Lipase activities and sensitivities of Kaldırım Saltern strains against Kaldırım Saltern halocin producers - Table 2 : Lipase activities and sensitivities of Kayacık Saltern strains against Kayacık Saltern halocin producers En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1Vt2v6Xm7xD0XM_JcJjeaNYf6-EoS025q/view?usp=share [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=39036 [article]

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Screening of bacteriocin production from moderately halophilic skin isolates to inhibit moderately halophilic / Pinar Caglayan in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CXIII, N° 12 (12/2018)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. CXIII, N° 12 (12/2018) . - p. 385-399 Titre : Screening of bacteriocin production from moderately halophilic skin isolates to inhibit moderately halophilic Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Pinar Caglayan, Auteur ; Meral Birbir, Auteur Année de publication : 2018 Article en page(s) : p. 385-399 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Antibactériens Bactériocines Les bactériocines sont une famille de peptides ou protéines synthétisés naturellement par certaines bactéries. Une bactériocine consiste généralement en un composé protéique de 20 à 60 acides aminés. Les bactériocines ne sont pas des antibiotiques mais elles possèdent des propriétés antibiotiques : - Elles peuvent être bactériocides, c'est-à-dire éliminer certains micro-organismes. - Elles peuvent être bactériostatiques, c'est-à-dire inhiber la croissance de certains micro-organismes. Criblage Cuirs et peaux -- Analyse Cuirs et peaux -- Microbiologie Cuirs et peaux de chèvres Cuirs et peaux de moutons Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : Bacteriocins, produced from a wide variety of microorganisms to inhibit or kill different species of bacteria, have received increased attention in different industries. Hence, bacteriocins produced from moderately halophilic skin isolates were examined to demonstrate their inhibitory effect against enzyme-producing (protease or lipase) skin isolates. Eleven identified skin isolates, obtained from salted goat and sheep skins, were used as test isolates. Ten of these isolates (Halomonas halodenitrificans, Halomonas halmophila, Salimicrobium salexigens, Gracilibacillus dipsosauri, Salinivibrio costicola subsp. alkaliphilus, Halomonas venusta, Planococcus rifietoensis, Marinococcus tarijensis, Halomonas eurihalina, Staphylococcus arlettae) showed antimicrobial effect against each other. Although Halomonas halodenitrificans, Salimicrobium salexigens, Halomonas venusta did not produce enzyme, the other isolates produced protease or lipase enzymes. While bacteriocin produced from Halomonas halodenitrificans was found to be effective against enzyme-producing Gracilibacillus dipsosauri, Planococcus rifietoensis and Halomonas eurihalina, bacteriocin of Salimicrobium salexigens was effective against enzyme-producing Salinivibrio costicola subsp. alkaliphilus, Marinococcus tarijensis and Halomonas eurihalina. Bacteriocin of Halomonas venusta was effective against enzyme-producing Halomonas halmophila, Marinococcus tarijensis, Halomonas eurihalina, Idiomarina loihiensis and Staphylococcus arlettae. The maximum bacteriocin production of these skin isolates was obtained at 37°C, pH 7.0, and 10% salt concentration. Antimicrobial activities of the bacteriocins against all test isolates were detected at 10°C-60°C, pH 6.0-8.0 and 3%-20% salt concentrations. Antimicrobial activities of all bacteriocins against test isolates were not detected after the treatment with proteinase K. Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of the bacteriocins against the test isolates were detected as 1/2, 1/4 or 1/8. Scanning electron micrographs of sheepskins showed that sterile bacteriocins of Halomonas halodenitrificans, Salimicrobium salexigens, Halomonas venusta may be used in leather industry to prevent the growth of protease and lipase producing moderately halophilic bacteria. Note de contenu : - Bacterial strains and growth conditions - Preparation of cell-free supernatant (bacteriocin) - Screening of antimicrobial activity of test isolates against each other - Investigation of optimum conditions for bacteriocin production from halomonas halodenitrificans, halomonas venusta and salimicrobium salexigens - Effect of heat on bacteriocins produced from halomonas halodenitrificans, halomonas venusta and salimicrobium salexigens - Effect of salt on bacteriocins produced from halomonas halodenitrificans, halomonas venusta and salimicrobium salexigens - Effect of enzymes (proteinase K and lipase) on bacteriocins produced from halomonas halodenitrificans, halomonas venusta and salimicrobium salexigens - Determination of minimum inhibitory concentration s and minimum bactericidal concentration of bacteriocins against enzyme producing moderately halophilic isolates - Curing and storage of sheepskin samples - Preparation of sheepskin samples for scanning electron microscope En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1ond8CTRss1UuKa7i6Q_Yb8mCg1DpnmON/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=31399 [article]

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