Development of reference materials for inorganic elements in leather powder / Qian Wang in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 102, N° 6 (11-12/2018)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC) > Vol. 102, N° 6 (11-12/2018) . - p. 304-311 Titre : Development of reference materials for inorganic elements in leather powder Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Qian Wang, Auteur ; Chao Wei, Auteur ; Liandi Ma, Auteur Année de publication : 2018 Article en page(s) : p. 304-311 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Analyse spectrale Chimie analytique Composés inorganiques Cuirs et peaux -- Analyse Poudre de cuir Index. décimale : 675.2 Préparation du cuir naturel. Tannage Résumé : Three reference materials for As, Cd, Co, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb and Sb - 8 inorganic elements in leather powder were developed with relatively low, middle and high concentrations. The reference materials were prepared by adding an appropriate concentration using industrial process. The concentration range of the three levels is within the +/- 200% of the limited value in the China statute Safety Technical Specifications for Children's Footwear (GB 30585-2014). By using 16 units with duplicate analysis, it was shown that the samples were enough to demonstrate the homogeneity of these candidate reference materials. The statistical results from the stability test, also showed no significant trends in both short-term stability test for one week at 40°C and long-term stability test for 23 months. This set of reference materials, were used for more than two certification methods - including isotope dilution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ID-ICP-MS), inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS) and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The combined relatively standard uncertainties of the reference values were estimated by considering the uncertainties of the analytical methods, homogeneity and stability. The range of the expanded uncertainties of all the elements is from 3% to 5%. The certified reference materials (CRMs) are primarily intended for use in the calibration and validation of procedures for the determination of inorganic elements in leather or similar leather samples. Note de contenu : - Instrumentation - Reagents and standards - Preparation of candidate materials - Homogenity - Stability monitoring - Moisture content correction - Measurement methods for certified values and relative uncertainty - ID-ICP-MS (Cd, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, Sb) - ICP-MS (8 elements) - ICP-OES (8 elements) - Determination of standard values - Uncertainty evaluation - Uncertainty (uc) due to characterisation process - The combined standard uncertainty - Expanded uncertainty En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1iIR1yv69vTVvjgM16Zbw4-JT5X3dSASE/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=31336 [article]

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Leather powder as an agent for removing environmentally hazardous organic compounds / Anita Przepiórkowska in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 87, N° 6 (11-12/2003)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC) > Vol. 87, N° 6 (11-12/2003) . - p. 223-226 Titre : Leather powder as an agent for removing environmentally hazardous organic compounds Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Anita Przepiórkowska, Auteur ; G. Janowska, Auteur ; L. Slusarski, Auteur ; S. Wolniak, Auteur Année de publication : 2003 Article en page(s) : p. 223-226 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Absorption Analyse thermique Cuirs et peaux -- Déchets Déchets industriels -- Elimination Déchromage Poudre de cuir Substances dangereuses -- Elimination Tannage -- Déchets Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : In the processes of leather tanning, about 30-40% of the leather substance processed in manufacture is rejected, mainly as shavings, in the form of protein wastes containing 3-5% of chromium (III) compounds. Such wastes may be described as hazardous to the environment. They must not be disposed of in common landfills because of the possibility of chromium (III) leaching into the soil and subsurface water, the alternative specially protected landfills are very expensive. These wastes should also not be incinerated since such a process results in the formation of volatile carcinogenic chromyl compounds. Note de contenu : - METHOD FOR MAKING DECHROMED LEATHER POWDER : Analytical methods - THE CAPACITY OF HIDE POWDER TO ABSORB SUBSTANCES HAZARDOUS TO THE ENVIRONMENT : Selection of the agent composition for absorbing hazardous substances - THERMAL ANALYSIS - Table 1 : Leather powder composition before and after dechroming - Table 2 : The absorptivity of dechromed hide powder - Table 3 : The results of thermal analysis En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1iCSrOCI3QKd4q_4ch_XEFinGBhH8IldW/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=39705 [article]

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The thermal and non-thermal effects of microwave in the chrome tanning process / Jinwei Zhang in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 104, N° 2 (03-04/2020)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC) > Vol. 104, N° 2 (03-04/2020) . - p. 98-104 Titre : The thermal and non-thermal effects of microwave in the chrome tanning process Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Jinwei Zhang, Auteur ; Wuyong Chen, Auteur ; Carmen Gaidau, Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : p. 98-104 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Caractérisation Cuir -- Teneur en chrome trivalent Eaux usées -- Analyse Industrie -- Pollution -- Lutte contre Micro-ondes Permittivité La permittivité, plus précisément permittivité diélectrique, est une propriété physique qui décrit la réponse d'un milieu donné à un champ électrique appliqué. C'est une propriété macroscopique, essentielle de l'électrostatique, ainsi que de l‘électrodynamique des milieux continus. Elle intervient dans de nombreux domaines, notamment dans l’étude de la propagation des ondes électromagnétiques, et en particulier la lumière visible et les ondes utilisées en radiodiffusion. On la retrouve donc en optique, via l'indice de réfraction. Les lois gérant la réfraction et la réflexion de la lumière y font appel. Poudre de cuir Tannage au chrome Index. décimale : 675.2 Préparation du cuir naturel. Tannage Résumé : Microwave power is an effective and energy-saving heating resource. When microwave power is used to assist in leather making, the leather always shows better performances. In order to apply microwave in chrome tanning further and explain the detailed effects of microwave in the process, the hide powder chrome tanning process was warmed by water bath heating (WB) and microwave irradiation (MW). After tanning, the pH, conductivity, dielectric constant and chrome content of tanning effluents were tested. Meanwhile, DSC, TG, FTIR and XPS were used to determine the thermal behaviours, collagen conformation and product structure of chrome tanned hide powders. Through comparing the similarities and differences between WB and MW samples, the results showed that the pH and chrome content of WB effluents were larger than those from MW while the conductivity and dielectric constants were smaller. On aspects of chrome-tanned hide powders, MW samples had higher Cr203 content, denaturation temperature and enthalpy as well as better thermal resistance. However, the collagen's fundamental structure, conformation and pattern of combination between collagen and chromium for MW samples were almost same as for WB. In sum, both a thermal effect and a non-thermal effect existed when microwave power was used as heating resource in chrome tanning, and both promoted the tanning process and other effects together. The higher chrome exhaustion, better thermal behaviour of products was achieved under microwave irradiation and caused by non-thermal effect without any negative effect on leather structure or changes to the tanning mechanism. The achievements in the work might be an important hint and reference for applying microwave power in chrome tanning to diminish pollution and in improving leather properties. Note de contenu : - EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURES : Materials - Tanning processes - Determination methods - Hide powder chrome content measurement - RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : Influence of microwave on tanning effluent - Influence of microwave on chrome-tanned hide powder En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1WSTjkaUG2PimwPislygIh4SLxodWiJVK/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=33915 [article]

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Use of waste collagen as a filler for rubber compounds / Anita Przepiórkowska in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 88, N° 6 (11-12/2004)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC) > Vol. 88, N° 6 (11-12/2004) . - p. 223-227 Titre : Use of waste collagen as a filler for rubber compounds Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Anita Przepiórkowska, Auteur ; M. Prochon, Auteur ; M. Zaborski, Auteur Année de publication : 2004 Article en page(s) : p. 223-227 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Analyse thermique Caoutchouc -- Propriétés mécaniques Caoutchouc isoprène Collagène -- Recyclage Cuirs et peaux -- Déchets -- Recyclage Elastomères -- Synthèse Mélanges (chimie) Poudre de cuir Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : In the processes of leather dressing as well as in nontanned hide processing, there are considerable losses of collagen. Half of the hide collagen is rejected as waste products from the technological process. The methods of leather waste utilization have been reviewed by Przepiórkowska et al. The literature suggests that leather wastes often are not chemically treated, while their properties such as fibrous character, heat stability, sorption capabilities and increased friction coefficient are utilized. However, the methods of detanning, chemical or enzymatic hydrolysis of chrome tanned wastes yield various forms of degraded collagen. According to many researchers, the detanning of chrome tanned wastes always fail to recover collagen protein in its original form. According to Heidemann, most of the long existing methods for the utilization of chrome tanned wastes cannot be practically implemented. In this connection it is necessary to develop such utilization methods that could provide products whose price would make up for the costs of raw materials and processing. This problem has been studied at the Institute of Polymers. The present study is aimed at the management of difficult wastes such as shavings of chrome tanned leathers from the tanning industry. The waste collagen was utilized to produce elastomer composites. The incorporation of protein into a rubber compound containing synthetic isoprene rubber should provide a product with properties similar to those of a natural rubber mix, as it is well known that natural rubber contains some amount of protein in its composition. Note de contenu : - Thermal analysis of leather powders - Mechanical properties of vulcanizates - Table 1 : The composition of rubber mixes containing collagen - Table 2 : Effect of collagen on the strength properties of vulcanizates of synthetic isoprene rubber - Table 3 : Effect of collagen on the strength properties of vulcanizates of synthetic isoprene rubber after ageing En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1BdMIEC6AHz-xt-2UtA9NlAX7SNUaKkVg/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=39613 [article]

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