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Experimental and computational fluid dynamics investigation on tanning process in a rotating drum / Yirui Lin in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CXVIII, N° 11 (11/2023)
[article]
Titre : Experimental and computational fluid dynamics investigation on tanning process in a rotating drum Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Yirui Lin, Auteur ; Zhoucheng Jiang, Auteur ; Ya-Nan Wang, Auteur ; Yunhang Zeng, Auteur ; Guo Xie, Auteur ; Bi Shi, Auteur Année de publication : 2023 Article en page(s) : p. 485-495 Note générale : Bibliogr Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Adsorption
Cuirs et peaux
Fluides, Dynamique des
Mécanique des fluides numériquesLa mécanique des fluides numérique (MFN), plus souvent désignée par le terme anglais computational fluid dynamics (CFD), consiste à étudier les mouvements d'un fluide, ou leurs effets, par la résolution numérique des équations régissant le fluide. En fonction des approximations choisies, qui sont en général le résultat d'un compromis en termes de besoins de représentation physique par rapport aux ressources de calcul ou de modélisation disponibles, les équations résolues peuvent être les équations d'Euler, les équations de Navier-Stokes, etc.
La CFD a grandi d'une curiosité mathématique pour devenir un outil essentiel dans pratiquement toutes les branches de la dynamique des fluides, de la propulsion aérospatiale aux prédictions météorologiques en passant par le dessin des coques de bateaux. Dans le domaine de la recherche, cette approche est l'objet d'un effort important, car elle permet l'accès à toutes les informations instantanées (vitesse, pression, concentration) pour chaque point du domaine de calcul, pour un coût global généralement modique par rapport aux expériences correspondantes.
Domaines d'application : La CFD est particulièrement employée dans les domaines des transports, pour étudier notamment le comportement aérodynamique des véhicules (automobile, aéronautique, etc) conçus.
La CFD est également utilisée dans le domaine des installations critiques telles que les salles de serveurs. Elle permet de réaliser une représentation 3D de la salle, comprenant toutes les informations relatives aux équipements informatiques, électriques et mécaniques. On obtient une carte graduée des différentes zones de chaleur présentes, ce qui permet de détecter les zones critiques et les points chauds (ou "hot spots").
Mouvement rotatoire
Simulation par ordinateur
Tambours (tannage)
Tannage minéralTannage dans lequel interviennent différents minéraux. Le plus répandu est le tannage aux sels de chrome, mais aussi à l’aluminium
Transfert de masse
ZirconiumIndex. décimale : 675.2 Préparation du cuir naturel. Tannage Résumé : Mass transfer of chemicals greatly affects leather production efficiency and product quality. Leather shows different motions in a rotating drum during processing, which is strongly associated with chemicals’ mass transfer. However, how leather motions affect mass transfer remains unclear, which disfavors highly efficient leather manufacturing process. Here, different leather motion states were obtained by adjusting the drum rotation speed. Experimental results showed that the duration of leather rolling motion greatly increased by 41% when the rotation speed increased from 5 r/min to 20 r/min, and the uptake of the tanning agent was consequently improved, which indicated that the rolling motion is beneficial to mass transfer. Computational fluid dynamics simulation results showed that the mass transfer rate under rolling motion was higher than those under slipping, elevating and hanging motions, because the flow velocity and concentration gradient near the leather surface were higher under rolling motion. Accordingly, increasing the rolling motion enhanced the mass transfer in leather processing. This work identifies the leather motion beneficial for mass transfer and provides guidance on operating condition optimization and drum design for high-efficiency leather production. Note de contenu : - EXPERIMENTAL : Materials - Tanning experiments - Visualization of leather motions - Analysis of mass transfer of zirconium tanning agent in leather - Analysis of leather tanning performance - CFD validation of leather motion states
- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : Leather motion characteristics under different rotation speeds - Mass transfer of zirconium tanning agent - Effect of leather motion states on mass transfer analyzed by CFD - Velocity distribution - Mass transfer of zirconium
- Table 1 : Zirconium tanning process
- Table 2 : PSO and PFO kinetic parameters for zirconium adsorptionDOI : https://doi.org/10.34314/jalca.v118i11.8242 En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1VyNSOObv09FyLU4lIOUZPhbuwI4xk2We/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=40047
in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. CXVIII, N° 11 (11/2023) . - p. 485-495[article]Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 24291 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible Exploring the mechanisms of the interaction between a specific bioflocculant and tannery wastewater / Changqing Zhao in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 102, N° 2 (03-04/2018)
[article]
Titre : Exploring the mechanisms of the interaction between a specific bioflocculant and tannery wastewater Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Changqing Zhao, Auteur ; Shu Li, Auteur ; Yang Qinhuan, Auteur ; Wuyong Chen, Auteur Année de publication : 2018 Article en page(s) : p. 75-80 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Adsorption
Coagulation
Eaux usées -- Analyse
Floculant
Floculation
Liaisons chimiques
Neutralisation (chimie)
Réactions chimiques
Tannage -- DéchetsIndex. décimale : 675.2 Préparation du cuir naturel. Tannage Résumé : To explore the interaction between a bioflocculant produced using Bacillus cereus and tannery wastewater, four flocculation mechanisms were studied including chemical interaction, charge neutralisation, adsorption and bridging, and sweep-floc coagulation. First, the interaction of the bioflocculant and tannery wastewater was evaluated using the infrared spectrum. It was found that there was no significant difference of spectrum before and after flocculation, indicating no chemical interaction between the bioflocculant and tannery wastewater. Second, it was found that no electric potential change was detected when comparing the samples before and after the addition of the bioflocculant into the tannery wastewater, indicating no charge neutralization during flocculation. Third, the presence of adsorption and bridging was determined by testing the molecular weight, covalent bonds and particle sizes during flocculation. These factors showed that the adsorption and bridging took place during the flocculation process. Finally, the morphological observation of the flocs exhibited network structures, indicating the existence of sweep-floc coagulation. The results represented that the interaction between the bioflocculant and tannery wastewater mainly involved adsorption and bridging, and sweep-floc coagulation. Note de contenu : - EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE : Preparation of the simulated tannery wastewater - Preparation of bioflocculant - Exploring chemical reactions - Exploring charge neutralisation - Exploring adsorption and bridging - Exploring the sweep-floc coagulation
- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : The exploration of chemical reactions - The exploration of charge neutralisation - The exploration of adsorption and bridging - Analysis of the sweep-floc coagulationEn ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1GEXWCcL6OdsLByZLbnP5HLsN_Gndmuk_/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=30558
in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC) > Vol. 102, N° 2 (03-04/2018) . - p. 75-80[article]Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 19867 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible Extraction of anthocyanins from Aronia melanocarpa skin waste as a sustainable source of natural colorants / Muhammad H. Wathon in COLORATION TECHNOLOGY, Vol. 135, N° 1 (02/2019)
[article]
Titre : Extraction of anthocyanins from Aronia melanocarpa skin waste as a sustainable source of natural colorants Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Muhammad H. Wathon, Auteur ; Nicholas Beaumont, Auteur ; Meryem Benohoud, Auteur ; Richard S. Blackburn, Auteur ; Christopher M. Rayner, Auteur Année de publication : 2019 Article en page(s) : p. 5-16 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Adsorption
Anthocyanes
Colorants végétaux
Extraction (chimie)Index. décimale : 667.2 Colorants et pigments Résumé : Aronia melanocarpa (Michx.) Elliott (black chokeberry) skin wastes from the production of Aronia fruit juice were extracted using a batch extraction method and a novel integrated extraction-adsorption process. Optimum conditions for batch extraction were as follows: 60 °C, 3 h, acid (0.1% v/v hydrochloric acid), biomass-to-solvent ratio of 1:16, and biomass-to-solid phase extraction resin ratio of 1:1. The integrated extraction-adsorption process gave improved anthocyanin yields of higher quality when the process was performed for 3 h without cooling of the circulating liquid, and with a flow rate of 1.3 ml s-1. Overall, the new method showed better anthocyanin yield and purity compared with the batch method, increasing the extraction yield by ca. 20% (5.25 6.34 mg g-1 dry weight of pomace) and increasing anthocyanin content by ca. 40% (19.9 28.4% w/w dry weight of extract). This method also simplified the process as three steps were eliminated saving time and energy. Furthermore, the integrated extraction-adsorption method is industrially scalable to produce large quantities of anthocyanins. In the batch method, anthocyanins present in A. melanocarpa skins were identified as cyanidin-3-O-galactoside (38.8%), cyanidin-3-O-arabinoside (6.4%), cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (3.6%), cyanidin-3-O-xyloside (0.5%), and the cyanidin aglycon (50.7%); in the continuous method, anthocyanin content was cyanidin-3-O-galactoside (45.7%), cyanidin-3-O-arabinoside (16%), cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (3.6%), cyanidin-3-O-xyloside (2.7%), and the cyanidin aglycon (32%). The integrated extraction-adsorption method was shown to be substantially less susceptible to acid-catalysed anthocyanin decomposition processes. All anthocyanins were derived from only one anthocyanidin parent structure (cyanidin), and only monosaccharide glycosides were identified, which is unusual when compared with other berries that typically have more anthocyanidins and/or greater glycosylation diversity. Note de contenu : - Chemicals and materials
- General procedures and instrumentation
- Sequential batch extraction - adsorption method
- Integrated extraction-adsorption method
- Fig. 1 : Effect of pH on anthocyanin structure and resultant colour
- Fig. 2 : Experimental set-up for the integrated extraction-adsorption process. Arrows indicate direction of flow of extracted liquid
- Fig. 3 : Extraction profiles during a batch extraction of Aronia melanocarpa waste skins at various temperatures. The absorbance was monitored using a UV-vis spectrometer at 520 nm
- Fig. 4 : Extraction profiles during a batch extraction of Aronia melanocarpa waste skins at different pH (2.4 and 5.2) at 60°C. The absorbance was monitored a UV-vis spectrometer at 520 nm
- Fig. 5 : Effect of pH on UV-vis absorbance of anthocyanins extracted from Aronia melanocarpa waste skins; measurement was carried out on post-SPE residues of th ethanol elute [1 mg extract in 1 ml acidified water (0.1% v/v hydrochloric acid)]. The colours of aqueous solutions tested are shown at the top
- Fig. 6 : H-NMR spectra of post-SPE residues of ethyl acetate elute and ethanol elute. The 1H-NMR spectra were recorded at 500 MHz. Labels 1–5 refer to the five signals seen in the H NMR spectra of anthocyanins and correspond to their H-4 protons
- Fig. 7 : The comparison between (left) a batch method and (right) an integrated extraction-adsorption method
- Fig. 8 : Total anthocyanins calculated according to relative % shown in HPLC chromatograms of the batch method and the integrated method. Solvent A : H2O : TFA (99.5:0.5) ; solvent B : acetonitrile. Detected by DAD at 520 nm
- Fig. 9 : Profile of anthocyanins shown in HPLC chromatograms of (a) the batch and (b) the integrated method. Solvent A: H2O/TFA (99.5:0.5) ; solvent B: acetonitrile. Detected by DAD at 520 nm : 1. Cy3gal ; 2. Cy3ara ; 3. Cy3glc ; 4. Cy3xyl ; 5. cyanidin (aglycon) ; 6. polymeric species
- Fig. 10 : H-NMR spectra of post-SPE residues of ethanol wash for the batch method and the integrated method. The 1H-NMR spectra were recorded at 500 MHz. Labels 1–5 refer to the five signals seen in the H NMR spectra of anthocyanins and correspond to their H-4 protons
- Fig. 11 : The effect of acid concentration on total anthocyanins calculated according to relative % shown in HPLC chromatograms of (a) the batch and (b) the integrated method. Solvent A : H2O/TFA (99.5:0.5) ; solvent B: acetonitrile. Detected by DAD at 520 nmDOI : 10.1111/cote.12385 En ligne : https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/cote.12385 Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=31660
in COLORATION TECHNOLOGY > Vol. 135, N° 1 (02/2019) . - p. 5-16[article]Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 20582 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible 20583 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible Facile preparation of fluoroalkyl end-capped vinyltrimethoxysilane oligomer/a, w-dihydroxy-terminated poly(dimethylsiloxane) composite rubber : application to effective removal of fluorinated aromatic compound from aqueous methanol solution by fluoroalkylated silicone composite rubber / Katsumi Yamashita in JOURNAL OF COATINGS TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH, Vol. 18, N° 1 (01/2021)
[article]
Titre : Facile preparation of fluoroalkyl end-capped vinyltrimethoxysilane oligomer/a, w-dihydroxy-terminated poly(dimethylsiloxane) composite rubber : application to effective removal of fluorinated aromatic compound from aqueous methanol solution by fluoroalkylated silicone composite rubber Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Katsumi Yamashita, Auteur ; Taiga Yokouchi, Auteur ; Hideo Sawada, Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : p. 63-73 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Adsorption
Caoutchouc
Composés aromatiques
Composites polymères
Fluoropolymères
Oligomères
Polyalkoxysiloxane
PolydiméthylsiloxaneLe polydiméthylsiloxane —[O-Si(CH3)2]n—, ou poly(diméthylsiloxane) selon la nomenclature systématique, communément appelé PDMS ou diméthicone, est un polymère organominéral de la famille des siloxanes souvent présent dans les shampoings. On l'y ajoute pour augmenter le volume des cheveux mais il peut également aller boucher les pores du cuir chevelu et rendre les cheveux gras. C'est une des raisons pour lesquelles se laver les cheveux tous les jours est très déconseillé avec un shampooing contenant des silicones.
Il existe également de l'amodiméthicone, qui est un dérivé du diméthicone.
Le polydiméthylsiloxane est un additif alimentaire (E900), utilisé comme antimoussant dans les boissons (Coca-Cola BlāK).
La chaîne de poly(diméthylsiloxane) forme également la structure de base des huiles et des caoutchoucs silicones.Index. décimale : 667.9 Revêtements et enduits Résumé : Fluoroalkyl end-capped vinyltrimethoxysilane oligomer [RF-(CH2CHSiOMe)3)n-RF ; n = 2, 3; RF = CF(CF3)OC3F7 : RF-(VM)n-RF] undergoes the sol-gel reactions in the presence of α, ω-dihydroxy-terminated poly(dimethylsiloxane) [HO-(SiMe2O)nH : HPDMS] under non-catalytic conditions to provide the crosslinked RF-(VM)n-RF/HPDMS composite rubber in quantitative isolated yields. Especially, we can isolate the expected composite rubber through the sol-gel reactions, in which the contents of the RF-(VM)n-RF oligomer based on employed oligomer and HPDMS are greater than 0.16 %. In contrast, traditional silane coupling agents such as tetraethoxysilane, methyltrimethoxysilane and triethoxy-1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-tridecafluoro-n-octylsilane were unable to afford the expected composite rubber through the sol-gel reactions with HPDMS under similar conditions. The fluoroalkylated silicone composite rubber thus obtained gave no swelling behavior toward water, dimethyl sulfoxide and methanol ; however, the composite rubber was found to display the higher swelling characteristic for toluene, hexane and tetrahydrofuran, especially for fluorinated aliphatic solvents. Interestingly, it was demonstrated that the fluoroalkylated silicone composite rubber swollen with hexane can adsorb a variety of aromatic compounds in aqueous methanol solutions. More interestingly, we found that the fluoroalkylated silicone composite rubber can exhibit an excellent adsorption ability toward the fluorinated aromatic compounds such as 2', 3', 4', 5', 6'-pentafluoroacetophenone, compared to that of the corresponding non-fluorinated one. Note de contenu : - EXPERIMENTAL : Measurements - Materials - Preparation of fluoroalkyl end-caped vinyltrimethoxisylane oligomer/α, ω-dihydroxy-terminated poly(dimethylsiloxane) composite [Rf-(VM)n-Rf/HPDMS] rubber - Preparation of modified glass treated with the Rf-(VM)n-Rf/HPDMS composite rubber - Evaluation of swelling behavior of the fluoroaklylated silicone composite rubber soaked in a variety of solvents - Adsorption of aromatic compound in aqueous methanol solution by the Rf-(VM)n-Rf/HPDMS DOI : https://doi.org/10.1007/s11998-020-00382-8 En ligne : https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11998-020-00382-9-8.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=35351
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 22605 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible Facile preparation of hierarchical porous polydopamine microspheres for rapid removal of chromate from the wastewater / Lin Xiang in JOURNAL OF LEATHER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING, Vol. 2 (Année 2020)
[article]
Titre : Facile preparation of hierarchical porous polydopamine microspheres for rapid removal of chromate from the wastewater Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Lin Xiang, Auteur ; Jiayou Lin, Auteur ; Qin Yang, Auteur ; Shaojian Lin, Auteur ; Sheng Chen, Auteur ; Bin Yan, Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : 10 p. Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Adsorption
Chrome hexavalent
Chrome trivalent
Eaux usées -- Décontamination
Microsphères
PolydopamineIndex. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : Cr(VI) containing industrial wastewaters are highly toxic and carcinogenic, and severely threats living creatures and the environment. Therefore, it is highly desired yet challenging to develop an available and economical adsorbent for simultaneously detoxifying Cr(VI) anions to Cr(III) ions and removing them from the wastewater. Here we propose a facile method for rapid removal of Cr(VI) ions from the wastewater by using a synthetic polydopamine microsphere (PPM) adsorbent with hierarchical porosity. The as-prepared PPM exhibits high Cr(VI) removal capacity of 307.7 mg/g and an outstanding removal efficiency. They can effectively decrease the Cr(VI) concentration to lower than 0.05 mg/L well below the limits for drinking water standard of WHO regulations in 60 s at pH 2. More importantly, PPMs can reduce the lethal Cr(VI) anions to Cr(III) ions with low toxicity, and simultaneously immobilize them on the matrices of PPMs. Note de contenu : - MATERIALS AND METHODS : Material - Synthesis of PPMs - PPMs material characterization - Cr(VI) removal experiments
- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : Synthesis and characterizations of the PPMs - High Cr(VI) removal capacity of PPMs - Rapid Cr(VI) adsorption kinetics of PPMs - Highly selectivity of PPMs to Cr(VI) from complex wastewater - Easy regeneration and recovery of adsorbents for recycling - Cr(VI) adsorption mechanisms of PPMs via reduction and immobilization
- Table 1 : Fitting parameters of thermodynamic adsorption under different temperatures
- Table 2 : The thermodynamic parameters of △H0, △S0 and △G0
- Table 3 : Kinetic adsorption model fitting dataDOI : https://doi.org/10.1186/s42825-020-00036-x En ligne : https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s42825-020-00036-x.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=37455
in JOURNAL OF LEATHER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING > Vol. 2 (Année 2020) . - 10 p.[article]Feeling the rush of speed / Ines A. Melamies in INTERNATIONAL SURFACE TECHNOLOGY (IST), Vol. 7, N° 3 (2014)
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