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Titre : Swelling vs. plumping Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Karl Flowers, Auteur Année de publication : 2019 Article en page(s) : p. 26-28 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Chaulage
Collagène
Cuirs et peaux
Eau
Gonflement (physique)Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : Examination of any book on leather science will always talk about the collagen swelling effects seen at the secondary or tertiary level of protein hierarchy. The exact description and the prominence of which types of swelling exist in the material at specific parts of the process cycle can be left up to the academics to debate.
As with most science, the frustration that exists between technologists and the theoreticians are real. Like many leather scientific theories, the facts (that usually make perfect sense) and the reality seen in the liming or pickle drum are often confusing.
A common example of this is the description of the leading type of swelling that is seen during liming. The controls that the tanner uses to overcome this swelling often appear to be contradictory, or at the very least do not seem to equate to the effects that one would expect given the theory.Note de contenu : - Revision of swelling : Lyotropic - Electrostatic
- Structure hierarchy
- Water
- Plumping
- Fig. 1 : A schematic representation of how the collagen triple helix opens when experiencing swelling effects
- Fig. 2 : At the fibre-bundle, or fibre level, the influx of capillary water (or maybe even bulk water) also has a profound effect, resulting in the hide and skin increasing size tremendously (plumping)
- Table 1 : Collagen has various water associations (Taken from Bienkiewicz, 1983)En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1HEX9X3hoxVK4Icf3UU1hHuaSqnmIqYgU/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=33443
in INTERNATIONAL LEATHER MAKER (ILM) > N° 37 (09-10/2019) . - p. 26-28[article]Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 21384 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible Tackling deforestation in the Amazon biome / Abigail Clare in INTERNATIONAL LEATHER MAKER (ILM), N° 53 (05-06/2022)
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Titre : Tackling deforestation in the Amazon biome Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Abigail Clare, Auteur ; Karl Flowers, Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Article en page(s) : p. 18-19 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Approvisionnement dans l'entreprise
Chaine logistique
Cuirs et peaux -- Industrie -- Aspect de l'environnement
Cuirs et peaux -- Industrie -- Brésil
Déforestation
TraçabilitéIndex. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : The cattle population in Brazil exceeds 200 million, with over 70 million located in the Amazon biome. Approximately 70% of cleared areas in the Amazon house cattle and the population has been reported to be increasing in recent years.
Agriculture is a major driver of Brazil's economy and cattle play a vital role, acting as a key source of revenue for communities in those areas. As a by-product of the meat industry, leather can originate from animais reared in these regions. Due to its significant cattle herd, Brazil is a key source of global rawhides..
Deforestation in the Amazon has also been increasing over the last decade, mainly due to the economic reliance on commodities produced in this area. Organisations need to work with their supply chains and act now to prevent the Amazon from reaching its tipping point for recovery.
The rise in Amazon deforestation is causing the leather industry to face increasing pressure to ensure its supply chain does not contain products linked to deforestation. Although leather is a by-product and, therefore, is not the primary driver of deforestation, the industry is in a prime position to work with supply chains to encourage best practices while maintaining Brazil's social-economic priorities.Note de contenu : - Role of tanneries
- Supply chain mapping
- Traceability tools
- Scaling up
- A 'talking shop'
- Fig. 1 : Brazil is a key source of raw hides globally, exporting over 80 %
- Fig. 2 : Area of land deforested in the Amazon biome from 2004-2020
- Fig. 3 : A visual representation of how tanneries can ensure they are not linked to areas of deforestation
- Fig. 4 : Assessment of incoming and outgoing traceability by tanneriesEn ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1S1kTIGRDZUKTEX3b1oFdjMXXlIkBzcWc/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=37591
in INTERNATIONAL LEATHER MAKER (ILM) > N° 53 (05-06/2022) . - p. 18-19[article]Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 23395 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible
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Titre : Tannery automation Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Karl Flowers, Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : p. 50-54 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Automatisation
Cuirs et peaux -- Industrie -- Brésil
Tannage -- Appareils et matérielsIndex. décimale : 675.2 Préparation du cuir naturel. Tannage Résumé : Workers' rights campaigners have always been anti-automation. However, automation has never been about getting rid of people and replacing them with machines. It has always been about making ourlives easier ; taking away unskilled jobs and getting a mindless robot to do a tedious automated job, such as the washing machine or the dishwasher. Automation has also been about remobilising people from one area into another area. Self-checkout at the supermarket allowed former till staff to be moved into the online shopping picking teams who pack crates for delivery. Note de contenu : - Old news
- Chemical product automation
- Cutting technology
- Future
- Fig. 1 : Automated material handling equipment at JBS Couros, Itumbiara, Brazil
- Fig. 2 : Drum automation should have PLC control and load cells
- Fig. 3 : Automated nesting and leather cutting on Lectra's Versalis system
- Fig. 4 : Automatic compacting of buffing dustEn ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/10HaOWTXCjtigezEpkhfaW5VGqtHPRSFp/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=33709
in INTERNATIONAL LEATHER MAKER (ILM) > N° 40 (03-04/2020) . - p. 50-54[article]Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 21606 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible Tannery effluent treatment updates / Karl Flowers in INTERNATIONAL LEATHER MAKER (ILM), N° 62 (11-12/2023)
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Titre : Tannery effluent treatment updates Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Karl Flowers, Auteur Année de publication : 2023 Article en page(s) : p. 46-50 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Déchets industriels -- Elimination
Eaux usées -- Décontamination
Eaux usées -- Epuration
Eaux usées -- Recyclage
Eaux usées -- Stations de traitements
Tannage -- DéchetsIndex. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : Modern tannery waste treatment is an extension of the effluent treatment sector that exists beyond the leather industry. Expertise that is appropriated for the leather industry is either innovated inside the leather industry or is external technology that is used inside tanneries.
Tanneries are well practiced at wastewater treatment and have invented new methods for treatment, given a set of operating conditions with which they must meet and within the by-laws (and national laws) by which they are constrained. The levels of permitted release vary due to the sensitivity of the elemental flow from the treatment plant to a natural system. For example, South African rivers are long and are prone to salinisation sensitivity, thus the release of total dissolved solids, especially sait, is restricted. A similar situation exists in Australia. Short rivers, like some of those seen in Europe mean that sait is less of a priority.Note de contenu : - Old ways
- Physical
- Biological
- Chemical
- Modern methods
- Advanced oxidation
- Anaerobic membrane bioreactors (An-MBR)
- Energy recovery from wastewater
- Microbial electrosynthesis
- Fig. 1 : Clarification (physico-chemical treatment)
- Fig. 2 : Crossflow membrane technology
- Fig. 3 : Electrodialysis
- Fig. 4 : Upflow oxidation columnsEn ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1gRytIKQSHxTIBuEiG0MdfdfliwldkNNf/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=40210
in INTERNATIONAL LEATHER MAKER (ILM) > N° 62 (11-12/2023) . - p. 46-50[article]Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 24298 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible Tannery machinery update 2022 / Karl Flowers in INTERNATIONAL LEATHER MAKER (ILM), N° 52 (03-04/2022)
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Titre : Tannery machinery update 2022 Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Karl Flowers, Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Article en page(s) : p. 66-68 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Air intérieur
Automatisation
Chaine logistique
Cuir et peaux -- Tri
Cuirs et peaux -- Classement
Cuirs et peaux -- Industrie -- Aspect de l'environnement
Dispositifs de tri
Economies d'énergie
Emission de polluants
Manutention -- Appareils et matériel
Système de pulvérisation (technologie)
Tannage -- Appareils et matériels
TraçabilitéIndex. décimale : 675.2 Préparation du cuir naturel. Tannage Résumé : The leather industry has been fortunate to have one or two of its annual trade fairs during 2021. Machinery manufacturers have not been idle, however, and these trade shows have demonstrated some new technologies in 2021-22. Outside of the tanning industry, there have also been developments that will ultimately make their way into the leather industry.
This article will not exhaustively detail all the developments, and manufacturers who have innovated in the past few years who Peel they have not had an acknowledgement of their technology are always encouraged to get in touch with ILM.Note de contenu : - Air emission and air quality
- Automated grading and sorting
- Economising of energy
- Handling and pumping developmets
- Fig. 1 : Spray equipment with bounce-back and pass-through that must be removed from the cabin and cleaned from the air
- Fig. 2 : Typical laser cut or stamped symbols that are used to help trace material in the supply chain
- Fig. 3 : The traditional energy monitoring system and modern approach to energy metering
- Fig. 4 : Material movement in a facility, badly and correct flowEn ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1zGFW2NdgVs-xZRNOtkEvGjcBEmtuQfdq/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=37273
in INTERNATIONAL LEATHER MAKER (ILM) > N° 52 (03-04/2022) . - p. 66-68[article]Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 23309 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible The use of profilometry to characterise the leather surface / Prosper Mhute in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 101, N° 1 (01-02/2017)
PermalinkThrough the looking glass (Part 1) / Karl Flowers in INTERNATIONAL LEATHER MAKER (ILM), N° 58 (03-04/2023)
PermalinkThrough the looking glass (part 2) / Karl Flowers in INTERNATIONAL LEATHER MAKER (ILM), N° 59 (05-06/2023)
PermalinkTraceability thinking and technology / Karl Flowers in INTERNATIONAL LEATHER MAKER (ILM), N° 35 (05-06/2019)
PermalinkPermalinkPermalinkUse of viscoelastic changes to demonstrate the relationship between drying parameters - A prelaminary study / William R. Wise in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CXI, N° 1 (01/2016)
PermalinkPermalinkPermalinkPermalinkWaste and allocation for leather / Abigail Clare in INTERNATIONAL LEATHER MAKER (ILM), N° 52 (03-04/2022)
PermalinkPermalinkPermalinkWhat are enzymes or bates ? / Karl Flowers in INTERNATIONAL LEATHER MAKER (ILM), N° 43 (09-10/2020)
PermalinkWhat do we mean by 'Green washing' ? / Karl Flowers in INTERNATIONAL LEATHER MAKER (ILM), N° 49 (09-10/2021)
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