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Auteur Balachandran Unni Nair
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Council of Scientific and Industrial Research - Central Leather Research Institute, Chemical Laboratory - Adyar - Chennai - India
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Development of natural colors in Cr-Fe tanned upper leathers / Jonnalagadda Raghava Rao in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. XCVII, N° 7 (07/2002)
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Titre : Development of natural colors in Cr-Fe tanned upper leathers Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Jonnalagadda Raghava Rao, Auteur ; C. Prabhakar, Auteur ; R. Rajapandian, Auteur ; Palanisamy Thanikaivelan, Auteur ; J. Malathi, Auteur ; Balachandran Unni Nair, Auteur Année de publication : 2002 Article en page(s) : p. 267-283 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Index. décimale : 675.2 Préparation du cuir naturel. Tannage Résumé : Dyes based on synthetic formulations are being widely used in the leather industry. However, it is known that many aryl amine dyes are banned due to their carcinogenic nature. Environmental concern leads one to look for dye products based on natural resources, which have several advantages like biodegradability, less toxicity, etc. The basis of this approach is to achieve an eco-friendly dyeing process with the use of iron salts, which give rise to various colors on reacting with vegetable tannins. Goatskins have been tanned with Cr-Fe tanning salt and striked with different vegetable tanning materials like wattle, chestnut, myrobalan and quebracho at various concentrations. Colors like brown, bluish black, deep black and grey shades have been developed. The color shades obtained have been quantified by reflectance measurements and compared with the visual assessment data. The strength and bulk properties are not significantly altered by increasing the concentration of various vegetable tannins from 1 to 5%. However, treatment with 5% wattle decreases the strength properties of the leathers appreciably due to its heavy filling nature coupled with prior filling using co-filling syntans. En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1V2CEzpPOP0NqfSdqEwjsHzy5U6UKp9Bf/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=4287
in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. XCVII, N° 7 (07/2002) . - p. 267-283[article]Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 001576 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible Development of natural colours in Cr-Fe tanned garment leathers / J. R. Rao in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 86, N° 3 (05-06/2002)
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Titre : Development of natural colours in Cr-Fe tanned garment leathers Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : J. R. Rao, Auteur ; Palanisamy Thanikaivelan, Auteur ; J. Malathi, Auteur ; R. Rajaram, Auteur ; Balachandran Unni Nair, Auteur Année de publication : 2002 Article en page(s) : p. 106-111 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Acacia et constituants
chataigner et constituants
Chrome
Colorimétrie
Croûte (cuir)On entend par "cuir en croûte" des cuirs ayant subi les opérations jusqu'au tannage, à l'exclusion de toute opération de corroyage ou de finissage, mais qui, par opposition aux wet-blue ont été séchés.
Cuirs et peaux -- Propriétés physiques
Cuirs et peaux -- Teinture
Fer
Myrobalan et constituants
QuebrachoLe quebracho est un arbre à écorce ligneuse, mesurant 30 mètres de haut, à feuilles tannées et à fleurs tubulées blanches.
Quebracho est l'un des noms communs, en espagnol, d'au moins trois espèces similaires d'arbres originaires du Gran Chaco, en Amérique latine : Schinopsis lorentzii (quebracho colorado santiagueño), de la famille des Anacardiaceae ; Schinopsis balansae (quebracho colorado chaqueño), de la même famille ;
Aspidosperma quebracho-blanco (quebracho blanc), de la famille des Apocynaceae.
Ces trois espèces sont riches en tanin et fournissent un bois très dur, particulièrement résistant. Leur nom provient de l'espagnol quiebrahacha, qui signifie brise-hache.
Réflectance
Résistance à l'abrasion
Tanins végétaux
Tannage minéralTannage dans lequel interviennent différents minéraux. Le plus répandu est le tannage aux sels de chrome, mais aussi à l’aluminium
Vêtements en cuirIndex. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : Dyes based on synthetic formulations are widely used in the leather industry, however, many aryl amine dyes are restricted due to their carcinogenic nature. Environmental concern leads one to look for the dye products based on natural resources, which may have advantages of biodegradability and lower toxicity. We aimed to create an eco-friendly dyeing process by forming in-situ complexes between vegetable tannins and the Cr-Fe tanning salt, where the use of iron salts results in various colours on reaction with various vegetable tannins. Sheepskins were tanned using the Cr-Fe tanning salt and treated with various vegetable tanning materials, brown, black and grey shades were developed. The shades obtained have been quantified by reflectance measurements and compared by visual assessment.
Strength characteristics of the leathers treated with 5% vegetable tannins are higher than those treated with 1% tannins, bulk properties not being affected with the increase in concentration from 1 to 5%. The light, wet and dry rub fastness of the naturally coloured leathers are good with no change on ageing. Colour reproduction at bulk level production is acceptable with minor batch variations.Note de contenu : - EXPERIMENTAL DETAILS : Process details for larger scale trials - Physical testing
- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : Wattle - Chestnut - Myrobalan - Quebracho - Environmental Perception
- Table 1 : Percentage reflectance measurement for garment leathers coloured with various concentrations of wattle
- Table 2 : Visual assessment data of the garment samples treated with various concentrations of wattle (Grade points 0-poor and 10-very good)
- Table 3 : Visual assessment data of the garment samples treated with various concentrations of chestnut (Grade points 0-poor and 10-very good)
- Table 4 : Visual assessment data of the garment samples treated with various concentrations of myrobalan (Grade points 0-poor and 10-very good)
- Table 5 : Percentage reflectance measurement for garment leathers coloured with various concentrations of quebrancho
- Table 6 : Visual assessment data of the garment samples treated with various concentrations of quebracho (Grade points 0-poor and 10-very good)
- Table 7 : Strength characteristics for various crust garment leathers
- Table 8 : Visual assessment data for garment leathers treated with selected concentrations of vegetable tannins
- Table 9 : Fastness of the naturally coloured leathers treated with selected concentration of vegetable tannins to wet, dry rubbing and artificial light
- Table 9 : Comparison of colour measurements data between the sample and bulk colouration of leathers using selected concentration vegetable tanninsEn ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1cy6baDBVvluD26gKPLzG7iFzZjo83l1w/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=39924
in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC) > Vol. 86, N° 3 (05-06/2002) . - p. 106-111[article]Development of natural garment leathers : a metal-free approach / Kalarical Janardhanan Sreeram in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CV, N° 12 (12/2010)
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Titre : Development of natural garment leathers : a metal-free approach Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Kalarical Janardhanan Sreeram, Auteur ; Rathinam Aravindhan, Auteur ; Jonnalagadda Raghava Rao, Auteur ; Balachandran Unni Nair, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : p. 401-409 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Acacia et constituants
Cuirs et peaux -- Propriétés organoleptiques
PolyamidesUn polyamide est un polymère contenant des fonctions amides -C(=O)-NH- résultant d'une réaction de polycondensation entre les fonctions acide carboxylique et amine.
Selon la composition de leur chaîne squelettique, les polyamides sont classés en aliphatiques, semi-aromatiques et aromatiques. Selon le type d'unités répétitives, les polyamides peuvent être des homopolymères ou des copolymères.
Tannage végétal
Vêtements en cuirIndex. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : Growing concerns over the toxicity of chromium and its influence on the health of customers using chromium tanned garment leathers has forced the leather industry to search for alternative tanning agents. Semi-metal tanning agents, aldehyde based systems, etc. Semi-metal tanning agents, aldehyde based systems, etc. have been considered but the toxicity issues are lingering. Hence, in the present study an attempt has been made to develop vegetable tannins and subsequent stripping prior to retanning and fatliquoring has been evaluated. It has been found that an 8 % offer of wattle for tanning provides better physical and organoleptic properties. A polyamide based retanning system was found to offer better perspiration and organoleptic properties. Amongst the various fatliquoring compositions, 50:50 combination of synthetic and natural fatliquors was found to offer higher softness. The optimized tanning-retanning-fatliquoring combination was found to be comparable to chrome tanned garment leathers and superior to semichrome garment leathers. En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1ySWQQy7he2G3jwUybArcpd85X-LxcoHQ/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=10504
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 012693 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible Direct chrome liquor recycling under indian conditions : Part 1. Role of chromium species on the quality of the leather / Kalarical Janardhanan Sreeram in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. C, N° 6 (06/2005)
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Titre : Direct chrome liquor recycling under indian conditions : Part 1. Role of chromium species on the quality of the leather Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Kalarical Janardhanan Sreeram, Auteur ; T. Ramasami, Auteur ; Balachandran Unni Nair, Auteur ; Chandra Babu Narasimhan Kannan, Auteur ; Jonnalagadda Raghava Rao, Auteur ; R. Ramesh, Auteur Année de publication : 2005 Article en page(s) : p. 233-242 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : The direct recycling of chrome liquor in pickle or tanning bath is gaining importance in the management of chromium and total dissolved solids in tanneries. Earlier studies indicate that the pre-acidification of the chrome liquor avoids surface fixation of chromium, thereby resulting in quality leathers. This assumes significance as it alters the charge and species-wise composition of the chrome liquor. In this study, the influence of pre-acidification pH on the nature of chromium (III) species and the resulting affect on the quality of leathers has been investigated The results obtained in this study indicate that a pre-acidification of spent chrome liquor to a pH of 1.0 results in the formation of larger percentage of lower charged species, thereby avoiding the surface fixation of chromium. The organoleptic properties, chromium distribution, and SEM analysis of the leathers processed using direct recycling methodology after pre-acidification of the spent chrome liquor to pH 1.0 indicates that the quality of leathers is not impaired. There is no significant influence of the pre-acidification pH on the pollution load. En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1J-Rnt9HMf407aWjtQ-HKnQqeRA73qMDH/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=4063
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 002324 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible Doped oxides of cerium as inorganic colorants / Cheruvathoor Poulose Aby in COLORATION TECHNOLOGY, Vol. 123, N° 6 (2007)
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Titre : Doped oxides of cerium as inorganic colorants Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Cheruvathoor Poulose Aby, Auteur ; Kalarical Janardhanan Sreeram, Auteur ; Balachandran Unni Nair, Auteur ; Thirumalachari Ramasami, Auteur Année de publication : 2008 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : 667.3 Teinture et impression des tissus Résumé : The colour of inorganic colorants is based on metal ions such as cadmium, lead, chromium or cobalt, the majority of which are unfortunately potentially toxic. Thus, there is in a need to introduce alternative metal or metal oxides, which would be environmentally friendly and economically viable as a replacement for potentially toxic inorganic colorants. Rare earth-based colorants offer an additional opportunity for the development of optically pure colours. In this study, a replacement for potentially toxic colorants has been sought through the use of a rare earth metal ion, cerium. Appropriate doping of cerium oxides with molybdenum and iron gives an orange–red colorant. The conditions ideal for optimal colour have been standardised and the resultant colorant characterised through powder X-ray diffraction techniques, particle size measurement, etc. The colorants exhibit good hiding power and tinting strength. DOI : 10.1111/j.1478-4408.2007.00111.x En ligne : http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1478-4408.2007.00111.x/pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=6857
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 008990 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible Green chemistry approach in leather processing : a case of chrome tanning / Marimuthu Pradeep Kumar in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CVI, N° 4 (04/2011)
PermalinkGreen solution for salinity in tannery wastewater : a step forward in leather processing / Subramanian Saravanabhavan in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CIX, N° 7 (07/2014)
PermalinkHigh exhaust chrome-aluminium combination tanning : Part 1. Optimization of tanning / Kalarical Janardhanan Sreeram in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CI, N° 3 (03/2006)
PermalinkHydration in matrix stabilization of collagen fibres : relevance to mechanistic insight into tanning / Balaraman Madhan in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. XCVIII, N° 7 (07/2003)
PermalinkIntegration of chrome tanning and wet finishing process for making garment leathers / Palanisamy Thanikaivelan in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. C, N° 6 (06/2005)
PermalinkInteraction of aluminum and hydrolysable tannin polyphenols : An approach to understanging the mechanism of aluminum vegetable combination tannage / Balaraman Madhan in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CI, N° 9 (09/2006)
PermalinkIsolation and characterization of a low affinity chromium(III) complex in chrome tanning solutions / Jonnalagadda Raghava Rao in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 81, N° 6 (11-12/1997)
PermalinkMetal organic based syntan for multi-stage leather processing / Gladstone Christopher Jayakumar in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CX, N° 9 (09/2015)
PermalinkMixed metal complexes of zirconium : A step towards reducing usage of chromium in tanning / Kalarical Janardhanan Sreeram in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. XCIX, N° 3 (03/2004)
PermalinkMixed metal tanning using chrome-zinc-silica : A new chrome-saver approach / N. N. Fathima in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. XCVIII, N° 4 (04/2003)
PermalinkA modified leather processing method for water and pollution reduction in tannery / Subramani Saravanabhavan in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CIII, N° 1 (01/2008)
PermalinkA molecular level investigation of dialdehyde starch interaction with collagen for eco-friendly stabilization / Gladstone Christopher Jayakumar in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CX, N° 5 (05/2015)
PermalinkMolecular level understanding of tanning using an organo-zirconium complex / Balaraman Madhan in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. XCVIII, N° 11 (11/2003)
PermalinkNatural dyeing of leathers using natural materials / Jonnalagadda Raghava Rao in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CIII, N° 3 (02/2008)
PermalinkA new chromium-zinc tanning agent : a viable option for less chrome technology / Balaraman Madhan in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. XCVII, N° 5 (05/2002)
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