Analyse du formaldéhyde dans les cuirs / Nicolas Blanc in CTC ENTREPRISES, (04-05/2022)  

[article]  inCTC ENTREPRISES > (04-05/2022) . - p. 11-13 Titre : Analyse du formaldéhyde dans les cuirs : modification de la norme NF EN ISO 17226-01 : 2019 Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Nicolas Blanc, Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Article en page(s) : p. 11-13 Langues : Français (fre) Catégories : Cuir -- Teneur en formaldéhyde Cuirs et peaux -- Analyse Cuirs et peaux -- Normes Normalisation Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : Cet article présente le travail de thèse de Caroline Bourgeois, doctorante à CTC entre octobre 2018 et octobre 2021, soutenu le 7 février 2022 : "Mise au point de méthodes pour l'analyse de substances mentionnées dans le règlement européen REACh et potentiellement présentes dans les process et produits de la filière cuir. Formaldéhyde - fluorocarbonés". Note de contenu : - Contexte - Etude de la cinétique de dérivation - Influence du temps d'attente sur le passeur d'échantillon - Modification de la NF EN ISO 17226-1 En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1vqjm9qV8QmW6XyQf8yGoL6_0ZMu1Z34h/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=37525 [article]

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Determination of formaldehyde content in leather : EN ISO 17226 standard. Influence of the agitation method used in the initial phase of formaldehyde extraction / Albert M. Manich in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CXII, N° 5 (05/2017)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. CXII, N° 5 (05/2017) . - p. 168-179 Titre : Determination of formaldehyde content in leather : EN ISO 17226 standard. Influence of the agitation method used in the initial phase of formaldehyde extraction Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Albert M. Manich, Auteur ; Sara Cuadros, Auteur ; Joaquim Font, Auteur ; Anna Bacardit, Auteur ; Felipe Combalia, Auteur ; Agusti Marsal, Auteur Année de publication : 2017 Article en page(s) : p. 168-179 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Analyse quantitative (chimie) Cuir -- Teneur en formaldéhyde Cuirs et peaux -- Analyse Cuirs et peaux -- Normes Extraction (chimie) Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : Given the carcinogenic character of formaldehyde, it should be reliably determined in any substrate. The EN ISO 17226 Standard is the Official Method to quantify formaldehyde in leather. However, some misunderstandings may arise from the practical conditions given by the Standard for the extraction of formaldehyde. Two agitation methods (magnetic agitation and reciprocal linear agitation), which fulfill the conditions of the Standard, have been used for the extraction of formaldehyde in twenty two samples of wet-blue split leather treated with resins synthesized with formaldehyde and with/without the addition of vegetable compounds. The agitation method influences the formaldehyde content and differences between the agitation methods depend on the formaldehyde resins and vegetable compounds applied. Magnetic agitation leads to formaldehyde contents that are 26% greater than those obtained when the reciprocal linear agitation method is used. Major brands specify allowable limits for formaldehyde content, which depend on the user (adult or babies) and whether the article is in direct contact with the skin. A high percentage of disagreement (33.3%) has been observed between the agitation methods in fulfilling the allowable limits. One-third of the formaldehyde content results that fulfilled the allowable limits with the reciprocal linear agitation method failed when the magnetic method was applied. The situation urges the clarification of the shaking method in the EN ISO 17226 Standard to avoid the high level of contradictory results between methods that meet the agitation conditions of the Standard. Note de contenu : - MATERIALS - METHODS : Determination of formaldehyde in leather - Analysis of formaldehyde content in formaldehyde resins - Analysis of tannins and non-tannins in vegetable compounds - regression analysis - RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : Influence of the formaldehyde content (low, A or high, B) of the melamine-formaldehyde resin on the formaldehyde content (FC) of the treated leather samples extracted with the two agitation methods - Influence of the formaldehyde content (low, A or high, B) of the dicyandiamide-formaldehyde resin on the formaldehyde content (FC) of the treated leather samples extracted with the two agitation methods - Influence of the resin type (MF and DCDF) of low formaldehyde content - Influence of the resin type (MF and DCMF) of high formaldehyde content - Influence of the vegetable compounds on the linear regression between the formaldehyde content of leather samples extracted by the two agitation methods - Influence of the shaking methods on the formaldehyde content of samples treated with formaldehyde-based resins with and without vegetable compounds - Influence of the shaking method on failure/acceptance of formaldehyde content results in relation to allowable limits En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1OK9UDZ-q6PFVeaXvrzquTUioqyzJzfDi/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=28553 [article]

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Determination of formaldehyde content in leather : standard EN ISO 17226 (parts 1 and 2), revision and possible improvements / Sara Cuadros in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 100, N° 4 (07-08/2016)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC) > Vol. 100, N° 4 (07-08/2016) . - p. 167-174 Titre : Determination of formaldehyde content in leather : standard EN ISO 17226 (parts 1 and 2), revision and possible improvements Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Sara Cuadros, Auteur ; Joaquim Font, Auteur ; Francina Izquierdo, Auteur ; Rosa M. Cuadros, Auteur ; Lluis Ollé, Auteur ; Agusti Marsal, Auteur Année de publication : 2016 Article en page(s) : p. 167-174 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Cuir -- Teneur en formaldéhyde Cuirs et peaux -- Analyse Extraction (chimie) Normalisation Surfactants Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : The retanning process is the main application of formaldehyde in the tanning industry since formaldehyde participates in two groups of synthetic organic tanning agents: syntans and resins. Resins can be hydrolysed with the result that formaldehyde is released. Thus, formaldehyde in leather can be free or from hydrolysis of resins. Due to the carcinogenic character of formaldehyde, its presence in leather should be avoided or should be below allowable limits. The EN ISO 17226 Standard is the Official Standard for the determination of formaldehyde content in leather, which, in the authors' opinion, presents certain ambiguities in the wording of some operations included in their analysis methods and, some of these operations, are susceptible of improvement. Therefore, a revision of the EN ISO 17226 Standard (Parts 1 and 2) is carried out in this work and, in particular, of the extraction phase of formaldehyde present in leather (possible use of alternative surfactant and shaking method) ; reaction time between the extracted formaldehyde with the dinitrophenyihydrazine solution (Part 1 of the Standard) and stability of the acetylacetone solution (Part 2 of the Standard). Note de contenu : - AIM OF THE WORK - MATERIALS AND METHODS : Starting material. Formulation applied - Methods. Determination of formaldehyde in leather - EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURES : Revision of the EN ISO 17226 standard - TABLES : 1. Current limits for formaldehyde in differents countries - 2. Current limits for formaldehyde in accordance with the "Restricted Substances Lists" (RSL) of major brands - 3. General formulations for different treatments carried out - 4. Formaldehyde content in samples extracted with sodium dodecyl sulphate or sodium dodecyl sulphonate for different retanning treatments. Quantification of formaldehyde by HPLC - 5. Formaldehyde content iin samples extracted with sodium dodecyl sulphate or sodium dodecyl sulphonate for different retanning treatments. Quantification of formaldehyde by colourimetry - 6. Formaldehyde content in samples using magnetic agitation or reciprocal linear agitation in the extraction phase for different retanning treatments (ISO 17226:2) - 7. Formaldehyde content in samples using fresh or aged acetylacetone solution for different retanning treatments. Quantification by colourimetry En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1kN8neLZ3EgiEoFOJj3irrOLrLrHhCFiD/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=26793 [article]

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Determination of free formaldehyde in leather chemicals / Yudan Yi in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CXIV, N° 10 (10/2019)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. CXIV, N° 10 (10/2019) . - p. 382-390 Titre : Determination of free formaldehyde in leather chemicals Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Yudan Yi, Auteur ; Wei Ding, Auteur ; Ya-Nan Wang, Auteur ; Bi Shi, Auteur Année de publication : 2019 Article en page(s) : p. 382-390 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Agents de tannage Chimie analytique Cuir -- Teneur en formaldéhyde Polyamines Produits chimiques -- Teneur en formaldéhyde Retannage Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : Formaldehyde is widely used in the synthesis of various leather chemicals due to its high reactivity and low cost. It is probably introduced into leather when applying the chemicals to processing, and then released during storage and use of leather, which may pose a potential risk to human health. Existing method for determining formaldehyde in leather is helpless to deal with the complicated chemicals. In this study, a method was optimized for determination of free formaldehyde in leather chemicals based on ISO 27587. A 0.5-2.0 g sample of leather chemical (formaldehyde could range from 1.25 to 1250 mg/kg) was heated at 90°C in nitrogen atmosphere. The released formaldehyde was purged at a flow rate of 300 mL/min for 30 min, captured and derivatized using a bubble absorption tube containing 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine absorption solution, and then detected by HPLC-diode array detector. The recovery rate of formaldehyde standard solution was 91.0% with relative standard deviation (RSD) of 4.87% in seven times repeated trials. The repeated determinations of aldehyde tanning agents showed the formaldehyde recoveries higher than 90% and RSD lower than 7%, indicating the accuracy and precision of the method. Powdery amino resins were determined to contain a tiny amount of free formaldehyde using this method. However, it should be noted that hydrolyzed formaldehyde will be formed when the amino resins were dissolved in water and used in retanning, leading to the potential for bringing leather with high content of formaldehyde. Note de contenu : - EXPERIMENTAL : Materials - Determination of formaldehyde in leather chemicals - Effects of extraction conditions on the determination of formaldehyde - Effect of derivative devices on the determination of formaldehyde - Determination of formaldehyde in amino resin and leather - RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : Effect of extraction conditions on the determination of formaldehyde - Validation parameters of the proposed method - Effect of derivative devices on the determination of formaldehyde - Determination of formaldehyde content in amino resins and retanned leather En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1ovkzKqph88a5PaXbxWN0an2EWrZffTZZ/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=33034 [article]

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Development of gold nanorods-based colorimetric method for the determination of formaldehyde in leather / Qingxiu Liu in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 104, N° 5 (09-10/2020)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC) > Vol. 104, N° 5 (09-10/2020) . - p. 227-234 Titre : Development of gold nanorods-based colorimetric method for the determination of formaldehyde in leather Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Qingxiu Liu, Auteur ; Xiaotian Ziu, Auteur ; Jie Liu, Auteur ; Qin Shufa, Auteur ; Xuejing Zheng, Auteur ; Keyong Tang, Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : p. 227-234 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Colorimétrie Cuir -- Teneur en formaldéhyde Cuirs et peaux -- Analyse Nanoparticules Or Produits chimiques -- Détection Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : A rapid and sensitive approach for colorimetric sensing of formaldehyde in aqueous solutions and leather has been developed based on the morphology-dependent localised surface plasmon resonance (SPR) properties of gold nanorods (AuNRs). The method relied on amalgamation between elemental mercury (Hg°) and AuNRs to generate significant colour change, which was dependent on the amount of Hg°. Upon formaldehyde introduction into the mixed solution of Hg2' and gold nanorods, formaldehyde would reduce Hg2+ to Hg° in an alkaline environnent, which results in the longitudinal plasmon wavelength of gold nanorods to blue shift accompanying a perceptible colour change from blue-green to purple. Under optimal conditions, the linear correlation could be fitted between 3.)%. and the concentration of formaldehyde ranging from 0.1 to 10mg/L with a linear correlation coefficient of 0.992. Relevant experimental parameters, including pH, concentrations of Hg2+, reaction time were evaluated. Meanwhile, the sensing mechanism for the detection of formaldehyde has been discussed. Due to its great applicability, simplicity and rapidity, the proposed colorimetric approach is promising to be applied to formaldehyde determination in leather. Note de contenu : - EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURES : Chemical and instrumentation - Synthesis of AuNRs - Formaldehyde detection - RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : Sensing mechanism - Optimisation of experimental conditions - Detection of formaldehyde - Selectivity of the sensing system - Detection of formaldehyde in tap water - A preliminary study on the detection of formaldehyde in leather En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/12le_z8Vh3wAfAFtlL3Z9lZ-gqtyuzIB-/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=34523 [article]

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Dosage du formaldéhyde dans les cuirs : Comparaison des méthodes par chromatographie liquide et colorimétrie / Nicolas Blanc in CTC ENTREPRISES, N° 1 (01-02/2009)  

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Le formaldéhyde dans les cuirs / Maxime Jouineau in CTC ENTREPRISES, (05/2019)  

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"Formaldehyde-free leather" - a realistic objective ? / Renate Meyndt in WORLD LEATHER, Vol. 18, N° 4 (06-07/2005)  

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A healthier tan / Sara Cuadros in LEATHER INTERNATIONAL, Vol. 219, N° 4875 (10/2017)  

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Influence of the chromatographic conditions of the EN ISO 17226-1 standard "determination of formaldehyde content in leather. Part 1. Quantification by HPLC” on the robustness of the method in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CXIV, N° 2 (02/2019)  

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Leather - Chemical tests - Determination of formaldehyde content - ISO/TS 17226 / International Organization for Standardization (Genève, Suisse) / Geneve [Switzerland] : International Organization for Standardization (ISO) (2003)

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Melamine glyoxal resin as a retanning agent - preparation and application / Xie Heng in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 98, N° 1 (01-02/2014)  

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Preparation of formaldehyde-free melamine resins using furfural as condensing agent and investigation of their retanning performance / Muhammad Naveed Ashraf in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 103, N° 5 (09-10/2019)  

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Quantifying uncertainty for the determination of formaldehyde in leather by colorimetric method / Rajkumar Dewani in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CVII, N° 11 (11/2012)  

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Release of free formaldehyde in THP salt tannages / Li Ya in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 92, N° 4 (07-08/2008)  

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Synthesis and retanning performance of a novel melamine resin with ultralow formaldehyde content / Zhou Ji-Bo in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CXVIII, N° 1 (01/2023)  

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Synthesis of eco-friendly polymeric resins and their rote in making leather with improved retanning properties and wastewater pollution / Muhammad Naveed Ashraf in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 104, N° 6 (11-12/2020)  

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