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Nanostructured and hollow polyurethane dispersions / A. Lubnin in SURFACE COATINGS INTERNATIONAL. PART B : COATINGS TRANSACTIONS, Vol. 89, B3 (09/2006)
[article]
Titre : Nanostructured and hollow polyurethane dispersions Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : A. Lubnin, Auteur ; P. L. Izquierdo, Auteur ; V. Woodward, Auteur Année de publication : 2006 Article en page(s) : p. 201-208 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Dispersions et suspensions
Nanostructures
PolyuréthanesIndex. décimale : 667.9 Revêtements et enduits Résumé : Due to their superior properties, ease of use and ‘green’ nature, water-borne polyurethane dispersions (PUDs) are often materials of choice for a wide spectrum of applications. Common processes for making these dispersions do not offer easy ways of controlling particle morphology/architecture. This puts PUDs in a position inferior to structured acrylic emulsions. The latter are most readily produced by the sequential or staged addition of monomers with is widely used in the engineering of structured acrytic and vinyl emulsion polymers. Because PU oligomers do not diffuse through the aqueous phase, this route is closed for PUDs. How car this fundamental obstacle be overcome? In this paper, a new method is described that enables the preparation of nanostructured PU particles with a wide variety of morphologies. The method is comprised of the preparation of two prepolymers with different hydrophilicities, which are mixed together before the dispersion step Surprisingly, the mixture ‘remembers’ that it is made of two different prepolymers, and as soon as the prepolymer is dispersed in water, diffusion within the particles sets in. The origin of this unexpected memory is examined in detail. The interplay of diffusion, phase separation and chain extension determines the morphological outcome. Various previously inaccessible PU particle morphologies, including core-shell, ‘ice-cream cone’, lobed and hellow particles, have been prepared. This novel patent-pending technology opens up new horizons for PUD chemistry. Note de contenu : - Prior art
- Prepolymer process for making PUDs
- Process for making nanostructured PUDs
- First successful core-shel PUD
- Transmission electron microscopy (TEM)
- Bromine staining
- Analysis of oligomers formed at the prepolymer stage
- Theoretical considerations : Diffusion versus phase separation - Diffusion - Phase separation - Surface tension as a driving force - Guidelines for preparation of nanostructured PUDs
- Cryogenic scanning electron microscopy (CryoSEM)
- Rubbery core - gassy shel ('modulus staining')
- The impact of particle size on morphology
- Hollow particles
- Table 1 : Composition of oligomers in one-pot versus two-pot synthesesDOI : 10.1007/BF02699661 En ligne : https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/BF02699661.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=5278
in SURFACE COATINGS INTERNATIONAL. PART B : COATINGS TRANSACTIONS > Vol. 89, B3 (09/2006) . - p. 201-208[article]Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 005574 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible RAFT emulsions, microemulsions and dispersions / A. Lubnin in SURFACE COATINGS INTERNATIONAL. PART B : COATINGS TRANSACTIONS, Vol. 89, B4 (12/2006)
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Titre : RAFT emulsions, microemulsions and dispersions Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : A. Lubnin, Auteur ; S. Lenhard, Auteur ; J. Lai, Auteur Année de publication : 2006 Article en page(s) : p. 293-304 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Dispersions et suspensions
DithiocarbamatesLes dithiocarbamates sont une famille de composés organiques (biocides, toxiques, synthétisés à partir de dérivés de l'acide dithiocarbamique et des thiurames. Ils sont généralement utilisés comme fongicides ou additifs de pesticides, désherbants (diallate, triallate, EPTC) ou insecticides (carbaryle par exemple). Beaucoup de dithiocarbamates peuvent être préparés à partir d'amines et de sulfure de carbone.
Emulsions
Microémulsions
Polymères téléchéliques
Polymérisation par transfert de chaîne réversible par addition fragmentationLa polymérisation radicalaire contrôlée par transfert de chaîne réversible par addition-fragmentation (en anglais Reversible Addition-Fragmentation Chain Transfer (RAFT)) est une technique de polymérisation radicalaire contrôlée.
Au même titre que la polymérisation radicalaire contrôlée par transfert d'atome (en anglais Atom Transfert Radical Polymerization (ATRP)) et la polymérisation radicalaire en présence de nitroxydes (en anglais Nitroxide Mediated Polymerization (NMP)), la polymérisation de type RAFT permet de synthétiser des polymères d'architecture contrôlée (polymères à blocs, étoiles, peignes, etc) de faible polydispersité et de haute fonctionnalité. Les applications de ces polymères sont, parmi d'autres, l'encapsulation de principes actifs de médicaments, la production de revêtements et peintures de nouvelles génération, la microfluidique, les tensioactifs, les adhésifs et les membranes.
Polymérisation radicalaire controléeIndex. décimale : 667.9 Revêtements et enduits Résumé : In this paper, the authors present the preparation of water-borne polymers with the use of RAFT (Reversible Addition-Fragmentation chain Transfer) polymerisation. The so-called 'living' or controlled polymerisation techniques afford an easy route to a broad diversity of unique polymers with precisely controlled architecture, composition, molecular weight, molecular-weight distribution, and the nature and placement of functional groups. In the past few years, a new family of RAFT agents have been invented which provide practical and inexpensive routes for making RAFT agents bearing diverse functional groups. They have a common formula which is shown in Figure 1. Figure 1: Generic RAFT agent structure Z = -SR, -NR2, or -OR, and R1 represents H and a variety of functional groups A great benefit of these new functional RAFT agents is the ability to tailor their hydrophilicity-hydrophobicity balance in order to make them suitable for the emulsion polymerisation mechanism. By using some specific R1, it is possible to achieve some limited hydrophilicity of the RAFT agent which is just enough for diffusion through water, yet the agent is hydrophobic enough to phase-separate out of water. Thus, the limited hydrophilicity of otherwise hydrophobic agents allows it to be in the right place at the right time. Indeed, with some RAFT agents, good control over molecular weight was demonstrated for a broad variety of emulsion polymers. Acrylic monomers produced well-defined polymers with good molecular-weight control. For methacrylates, a portion of RAFT did not engage, resulting in less than the theoretical number of polymer chains. It was found, however, that as little as 10%wt of an acrylic monomer slowed down the polymerisation enough to engage all RAFT agent molecules and yield predicted molecular weights. Vinyl acetate produced unsatisfactory results. While ab initio emulsion polymerisations produced some coagulum, the microemulsion and solution-dispersion processes produced very clean colloidally-stable dispersions. Note de contenu : - RAFT agents
- Emulsion polymerisation with RAFT agent 1
- Emulsion polymerisation with RAFT agents 2, 3 and 4
- Emulsion polymerisation with amphiphilic RAFT agents 5, 6 and 7
- Hydrophilicity spectrum
- AMI and IMA tests
- Emulsion polymerisation of ethyl acrylate mediated by RAFT agent 5
- Emulsion polymerisation of butyl acrylate mediated by RAFT agent 5
- Emulsion polymerisation of 2-ethylhexyl acrylate with RAFT agent 5
- Emulsion RAFT polymerisation of methacrylates
- Emulsion RAFT polymerisation of styrene
- Emulsion RAFT polymerisation of vinyl acetate
- Effect of RAFT agent concentration
- Microemulsion RAFT polymers
- RAFT polymers by solution/dispersion processDOI : 10.1007/BF02765581 En ligne : https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/BF02765581.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=5270
in SURFACE COATINGS INTERNATIONAL. PART B : COATINGS TRANSACTIONS > Vol. 89, B4 (12/2006) . - p. 293-304[article]Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 006010 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible