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Characterization of yield stress and slip behaviour of skin/hair care gels using steady flow and LAOS measurements and their correlation with sensorial attributes / S. Ozkan in INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COSMETIC SCIENCE, Vol. 34, N° 2 (04/2012)
[article]
Titre : Characterization of yield stress and slip behaviour of skin/hair care gels using steady flow and LAOS measurements and their correlation with sensorial attributes Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : S. Ozkan, Auteur ; T. W. Gillece, Auteur ; L. Senak, Auteur ; David J. Moore, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : p. 193-201 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Acide polyacrylique
Analyse sensorielle
Caractérisation
Copolymères
Cosmétiques
Epaississants
Gels -- Emploi en cosmétologie
Maléique, Acide
Polyvinyl éther
Polyvinylpyrrolidone
RhéologieTags : 'Gel main/cheveux' 'Grande amplitude oscillatoire' Rhéologie 'Corrélation sensorielle' 'Limite élasticité' Index. décimale : 668.5 Parfums et cosmétiques Résumé : Gels made with three different polymers widely used as rheology modifiers in cosmetic formulations (cross-linked poly(acrylic acid), cross-linked poly(maleic acid-alt-methyl vinyl ether) copolymer and cross-linked poly(acrylic acid-co-vinyl pyrrolidone) copolymer) were characterized by rheological and sensory evaluation methods to determine the relationship between sensorial perception and corresponding rheological parameters. Both conventional rheological characterization methods and a more recent method, Fourier Transform Rheology with Large Amplitude Oscillatory Flow data (LAOS), were utilized to characterize the material with and without wall slip. Sensorial analyses were implemented in vivo to evaluate the perceived ease of initial and rub-out spreadability, cushion, pick-up and slipperiness attributes of the gels. Results were statistically analysed by both variance (ANOVA) and principle component analysis (PCA). Sensorial panel testing characteristics discriminated the three materials, and PCA analyses revealed that sensory attributes could be well predicted by rheological methods. Rheological experiments, without wall slip, revealed that gel strength in the linear viscoelastic region (LVR) and yield stress of these materials are similar, but exhibit significantly different wall slip and thixotropy behaviour in the low shear rate region under wall slip conditions. Above the critical shear rate, which corresponds to the yield stress, all tested materials did not slip and behaved as conventional, shear thinning polymeric fluids. In particular, the rheological parameters and sensorial perception of the 1% cross-linked vinyl pyrrolidone/acrylic acid copolymer were significantly affected by wall slip and/or thixotropy-related shear banding phenomena. Note de contenu : - MATERIALS AND METHODS : Rheological characterization (dynamic oscillatory measurements - Steady torsional flow experiments - Continuous shear rate ramp tests - extensional tests) - Sensory evaluation - Data analysis
- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : Rheological characterization (steady torsional flow experiment - Continuous stress of shear rate ramp measurements to establish the shear rate dependency of shear stress and viscosity at different gap openings - Extensional tests - Sensory evaluation - Correlation of sensory ratings with conventional rheological parameters - Correlation of sensory ratings with large amplitude oscillaroty shear flow (LAOS) parameters (Chebyshev coefficients)DOI : 10.1111/j.1468-2494.2012.00702.x En ligne : https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1468-2494.2012.00702.x Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=14392
in INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COSMETIC SCIENCE > Vol. 34, N° 2 (04/2012) . - p. 193-201[article]Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 13819 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible Coatings derived from novel, soybean oil-based polymers produced using carbocationic polymerization / Samim Alam in JOURNAL OF COATINGS TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH, Vol. 8, N° 6 (11/2011)
[article]
Titre : Coatings derived from novel, soybean oil-based polymers produced using carbocationic polymerization Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Samim Alam, Auteur ; Bret J. Chisholm, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : p. 671-683 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Huile de soja
Polyaddition
Polyvinyl éther
Ressources renouvelables
Revêtements:PeintureIndex. décimale : 667.9 Revêtements et enduits Résumé : In this study, a process was developed to obtain vinylether-functional monomers containing fatty acid pendent groups directly from soybean oil (SBO) using base-catalyzed transesterification. In addition, a carbocationic polymerization process was developed for the vinylether monomers, which allowed for high molecular weight polymers to be produced without consuming any of the vinyl groups present in the fatty acid portion of the monomers. Compared to SBO, which possesses on average 4.5 vinyl groups per molecule, the polyvinylethers based on the soybean oil-derived vinylether monomers (polyVESFA) possess tens to thousands of vinyl groups per molecule depending on the polymer molecular weight produced. As a result of this difference, coatings based on polyVESFA were shown to possess much higher crosslink density at a given degree of functional group conversion compared with analogs based on conventional SBO. In addition, the dramatically higher number of functional groups per molecule associated with polyVESFA results in gel-points being reached at much lower functional group conversion, which was shown to dramatically reduce cure-time compared with SBO-based analogs. Based on the results obtained, it appears that these new renewable materials may have tremendous commercial utility in the coatings industry. Note de contenu : - EXPERIMENTAL : Materials - Synthesis of the vinylether of SBO fatty acids (VESFA) - Synthesis of the polymer of VESFA (polyVESFA) - Synthesis of epoxidized polyVESFA (E-polyVESFA) - Synthesis of acrylated polyVESFA (A-polyVESFA) - Coating preparation - Instrumentation and procedures.
- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : VESFA synthesis - Synthesis and properties of polyVESFA - Coatings cured using autoxidation - Coatings produced by epoxy/amine-cure - Coatings produced by cationic photocure - Coatings produced by free radical photocure.DOI : 10.1007/s11998-011-9360-z En ligne : https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fs11998-011-9360-z.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=12594
in JOURNAL OF COATINGS TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH > Vol. 8, N° 6 (11/2011) . - p. 671-683[article]Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 13484 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible Defects in solvent-free organic coatings studied bu atomic force microscopy, scanning acoustic microscopy, and confocal laser microscopy / Jakob Lange in JOURNAL OF COATINGS TECHNOLOGY (JCT), Vol. 66, N° 838 (11/1994)
[article]
Titre : Defects in solvent-free organic coatings studied bu atomic force microscopy, scanning acoustic microscopy, and confocal laser microscopy Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Jakob Lange, Auteur ; Jan-Anders E. Manson, Auteur ; Anders Hult, Auteur Année de publication : 1994 Article en page(s) : p. 19-26 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Couches minces -- Défauts
Microscopie
Polyallylether
Polymaléate
Polyvinyl éther
Réticulation (polymérisation)
Revêtements:Peinture
VernisIndex. décimale : 667.9 Revêtements et enduits Résumé : Defects in transparent, solvent-free vinyl ether, and allyl ether maleate-functional coatings have been studied using conventional optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, scanning acoustic microscopy, and confocal laser microscopy. Vinyl ether films with different curing rates and allyl ether films with different crosslink densities were prepared, and the number and appearance of defects present in the films were compared. The varying curing rates were achieved by using different initiators, whereas the changes in crosslink density were obtained by using monomers with different functionalities. Defects, such as craters and surface crumpling, were observed. Higher curing rates and increased crosslink densities were both found to promote the formation of defects. Atomic force microscopy, scanning acoustic microscopy, and confocal laser microscopy proved to be useful techniques in the characterization of organic coatings, with the latter being particularly well suited for viewing the interior of transparent coatings. Note de contenu : - CHARACTERIZATION METHODS : Atomic force microscopy - Scanning acoustic microscopy - Confocal scanning laser microscopy
- EXPERIMENTAL : Instrumentation - Samples - Atomic force imaging - Acoustic imaging - Confocal imaging
- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : Characterization techniques - Influence of curing rate on defect formation - Influence of monomer functionality (crosslink density) on defect formation - Comparability of systemsPermalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=18722
in JOURNAL OF COATINGS TECHNOLOGY (JCT) > Vol. 66, N° 838 (11/1994) . - p. 19-26[article]Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 003473 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible 003485 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Exclu du prêt Epoxidized polybutadiene : a novel prepolymer for cationically UV-curable coatings / F. Cazaux in JOURNAL OF COATINGS TECHNOLOGY (JCT), Vol. 66, N° 838 (11/1994)
[article]
Titre : Epoxidized polybutadiene : a novel prepolymer for cationically UV-curable coatings Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : F. Cazaux, Auteur ; X. Coqueret, Auteur ; B. Lignot, Auteur ; C. Loucheux, Auteur ; P. Rousseau, Auteur ; J. J. Flat, Auteur ; S. Leroux, Auteur ; C. Verge, Auteur Année de publication : 1994 Article en page(s) : p. 27-34 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Acier L'acier est un alliage métallique utilisé dans les domaines de la construction métallique et de la construction mécanique.
L'acier est constitué d'au moins deux éléments, le fer, très majoritaire, et le carbone, dans des proportions comprises entre 0,02 % et 2 % en masse1.
C'est essentiellement la teneur en carbone qui confère à l'alliage les propriétés du métal qu'on appelle "acier". Il existe d’autres métaux à base de fer qui ne sont pas des aciers comme les fontes et les ferronickels par exemple.
AluminiumL'aluminium est un élément chimique, de symbole Al et de numéro atomique 13. C’est un métal pauvre, malléable, de couleur argent, qui est remarquable pour sa résistance à l’oxydation13 et sa faible densité. C'est le métal le plus abondant de l'écorce terrestre et le troisième élément le plus abondant après l'oxygène et le silicium ; il représente en moyenne 8 % de la masse des matériaux de la surface solide de notre planète. L'aluminium est trop réactif pour exister à l'état natif dans le milieu naturel : on le trouve au contraire sous forme combinée dans plus de 270 minéraux différents, son minerai principal étant la bauxite, où il est présent sous forme d’oxyde hydraté dont on extrait l’alumine. Il peut aussi être extrait de la néphéline, de la leucite, de la sillimanite, de l'andalousite et de la muscovite.
L'aluminium métallique est très oxydable, mais est immédiatement passivé par une fine couche d'alumine Al2O3 imperméable de quelques micromètres d'épaisseur qui protège la masse métallique de la corrosion. On parle de protection cinétique, par opposition à une protection thermodynamique, car l’aluminium reste en tout état de cause très sensible à l'oxydation. Cette résistance à la corrosion et sa remarquable légèreté en ont fait un matériau très utilisé industriellement.
L'aluminium est un produit industriel important, sous forme pure ou alliée, notamment dans l'aéronautique, les transports et la construction. Sa nature réactive en fait également un catalyseur et un additif dans l'industrie chimique ; il est ainsi utilisé pour accroître la puissance explosive du nitrate d'ammonium.
Copolymères réticulés
Diluants
Epoxydes
Photoréticulation
Polybutadiène
Polyvinyl éther
Réticulation (polymérisation)
Revêtements -- Séchage sous rayonnement ultraviolet:Peinture -- Séchage sous rayonnement ultraviolet
Rhéologie
Verre
ViscositéIndex. décimale : 667.9 Revêtements et enduits Résumé : Epoxidized polybutadiene was evaluated as a reactive prepolymer for cationically curable photosensitive compositions. Various epoxy or vinyl ether functional reactive diluents were used as viscosity reducers. Compositions with an average content of 5 mmol.g−1 of polymerizable functions were submitted to viscosity measurements, and their reactivity under UV-irradiation was examined by UV and/or IR spectroscopy. The initiator photolysis can be monitored easily and adequate exposure times were determined by simple kinetic treatment. The polymerization of epoxy monomers was driven to high conversion (over 95%) provided that the film was submitted to a soft thermal post treatment. Coatings of high flexibility and showing good adhesion to aluminium, steel, and glass were obtained by adequate adjustment of the formulations composition. The content in reactive diluent was kept to a low level without loss of curing ability. Note de contenu : - EXPERIMENTAL : Materials - Equipment - Characterization of cured coatings
- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : Viscosity of the formulations - Reactivity of photosensitive compositions - Properties of UV-cured films - Adhesion on glass, aluminium, and steel : effect of fluorinated surfactantsPermalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=18725
in JOURNAL OF COATINGS TECHNOLOGY (JCT) > Vol. 66, N° 838 (11/1994) . - p. 27-34[article]Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 003473 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible 003485 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Exclu du prêt Initiator-free photopolymerization of an aliphatic vinyl ether-maleimide monomer / Henrik Andersson in JOURNAL OF COATINGS TECHNOLOGY (JCT), Vol. 69, N° 865 (02/1997)
[article]
Titre : Initiator-free photopolymerization of an aliphatic vinyl ether-maleimide monomer Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Henrik Andersson, Auteur ; Anders Hult, Auteur Année de publication : 1997 Article en page(s) : p. 91-95 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Amorceurs (chimie)
Micro-ondes
Photoréticulation
Polymaléimide
Polyvinyl éther
Radicaux libres (chimie)
Réticulation (polymérisation)Index. décimale : 667.9 Revêtements et enduits Résumé : The synthesis and initiator-free photopolymerization of the following aliphatic monomer, containing both a vinyl ether group (electron donor) and a maleimide group (electron acceptor), is described: N-[5-(2-(vinyloxy)ethyloxy carbonyl) pentyl] maleimide (1). The polymerization reaction was followed with UV- and IR-measurements. It was shown that irradiation with a high power microwave lamp, without the presence of photoinitiators, resulted in very fast and efficient curing. This donor-acceptor monomer was also shown to be useful as a photoinitiator for the polymerization of acrylate monomers. Note de contenu :
Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=18082
in JOURNAL OF COATINGS TECHNOLOGY (JCT) > Vol. 69, N° 865 (02/1997) . - p. 91-95[article]Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 003534 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible Novel alkyd-type coating resins produced using cationic polymerization / Samim Alam in JOURNAL OF COATINGS TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH, Vol. 12, N° 4 (07/2015)
PermalinkNovel bio-based poly(vinylether)s for coating applications / Bret J. Chisholm in COATINGS WORLD, Vol. 20, N° 9 (09/2015)
PermalinkA radiation-cure primer / Joseph V. Koleske in JOURNAL OF COATINGS TECHNOLOGY (JCT), Vol. 69, N° 866 (03/1997)
PermalinkWeather stabilization and pigmentation of UV-curable powder coatings / Misev Ljubomir in JOURNAL OF COATINGS TECHNOLOGY (JCT), Vol. 71, N° 891 (04/1999)
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