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Innovations for the upgrading of automotive leathers / Paul Simpson in WORLD LEATHER, Vol. 18, N° 5 (08/2005)  

[article]  inWORLD LEATHER > Vol. 18, N° 5 (08/2005) . - p. 31-35 Titre : Innovations for the upgrading of automotive leathers Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Paul Simpson, Auteur ; Klaus Dieter Hörner, Auteur ; Georg Dreissigacker, Auteur ; Juan Salgado, Auteur ; Augustin Carod, Auteur Année de publication : 2005 Article en page(s) : p. 31-35 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Cuir dans les automobiles Cuirs et peaux -- Finition Isolation acoustique Microcapsules Mousses (matériaux) Résistance à l'hydrolyse Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : Advances in technology enable higher quality finished products based on hides that are not of the best quality. This upgrade is not simply a case of providing better cutting values, but can be coupled with improved physical performance. Moreover, innovation can lead to improvements in appearance and performance that can be sustained for longer periods of use. Note de contenu : - Pre-finishing automotive leathers - The use of foam finishes - Advantages with microcapsule technology - Retaining the matt appearance of top coats during wear - Advanced reduction of noise pollution in cars - Minimising the soiling of car interiors - Stability to hydrolysis - Innovation through study of fundamental problems En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1m4PAFK6mtRSQxg4gyFWX5PH4SxOdSH5h/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=32468 [article]

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The influence of first time drying on the characteristics and performance of leathers / Geoffrey E. Attenburrow in WORLD LEATHER, Vol. 18, N° 5 (08/2005)  

[article]  inWORLD LEATHER > Vol. 18, N° 5 (08/2005) . - p. 37-40 Titre : The influence of first time drying on the characteristics and performance of leathers Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Geoffrey E. Attenburrow, Auteur Année de publication : 2005 Article en page(s) : p. 37-40 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Cuirs et peaux -- Effets de l'humidité Cuirs et peaux -- Propriétés mécaniques Cuirs et peaux -- Séchage Essais dynamiques Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : In leather making, the influence of strain within first time drying is very significant. The effects are readily observed in practice, but the rationale is less easy to define. This article present findings from a series of structured investigations into factors that are involved in drying, and how these relate to leather behaviour and characteristics. As an overview, this article is short on detail, but the conditions of testing and statements made in each section are presented in detail in the original papers. Each section draws from these papers, and references are given accordingly. In the earlier investigations trials were performed by applying strain on direction (uniaxial) to strip of leathers. In the final studies this changed so that strain could be applied and measured simultaneously in two directions. As retanning filling and softening agents strongly affect the fundamental characteristics of a tannage, all of the investigations were based on wet blue leather samples. Note de contenu : - The dependence of set on the degree of strain - The dependence of strain upon stress - The role of moisture in the relationship between stress and strai - The role of moisture in the degree of set - The role of time in the determining the degree of set - The retention of set - Characteristics developed during drying in relation to applied strain and set - The behaviour of collagen fibres during drying - The effects of the biaxial stretching of leather - Overview of findings - Panel 1 : Set plotted against degree of applied strain. Wet blue leather strained parallel to the backbone - Panel 2 : Initial strain curve for wet blue leather strained parallel to the backbone - Panel 3 : Stress-strain curves for partially processed leather at different moisture contents. Samples tested parallel to the backbone - Panel 4 : Set plotted against time after release, sample tested parallel to the backbone - Panel 5 : Heading : Set plotted against the strain applied during drying of leather strips - Panel 6 : Stress-strain curves from tensile testing of leather strips dried under an pplied strain (%) - Panel 7 : The tensile modulus of leather strips dried under strain plotted against their set - Panel 8 : The biaxial testing apparatus - Panel 9 : Tensile stiffness at different test angle for leathers dried under different levels of biaxial strain En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1QXc-nYg3B1SM6M5uGqVXncEAN1ieQzdl/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=32469 [article]

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Colorimetry in the finishing process / Stefan Wildbrett in WORLD LEATHER, Vol. 18, N° 5 (08/2005)  

[article]  inWORLD LEATHER > Vol. 18, N° 5 (08/2005) . - p. 42-43 Titre : Colorimetry in the finishing process Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Stefan Wildbrett, Auteur Année de publication : 2005 Article en page(s) : p. 42-43 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Colorimétrie Cuirs et peaux -- Finition Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : Worldwide-web-supported system for colorimetry and colour formulation can be used to complement expertise in colour standardisation and formulation. Based on state of the art equipment, software installed on a central server can be accessed by satellite sites. These sites can be located at major global commercial centres and equipped with hardware, measuring and dispensing equipment that is identical to the major centre. Note de contenu : - Colorimetry - Networked, quick and accurate - Solving day-to-day finish problems - The role of the technician - Avoiding metamerism - Keeping ahead of fashion demands - Panel 1 : Measurement using a spectrophotometer - Panel 2 : Metamerism on two leather samples - Panel 3 : The physics of colour - 3/1 : Colour space - 3/2 : Cross-section of colour space with a constant gray scale - 3/3 : Light-source-specific reflectance curves for two colourant blends with metamerism En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1-kYnE_UKctSV4g4dz9wvVE7nT9KnJjZi/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=32470 [article]

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Hides and skins : temperature and physical change / Richard Daniels in WORLD LEATHER, Vol. 18, N° 5 (08/2005)  

[article]  inWORLD LEATHER > Vol. 18, N° 5 (08/2005) . - p. 44 Titre : Hides and skins : temperature and physical change Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Richard Daniels, Auteur ; Walter Landmann, Auteur Année de publication : 2005 Article en page(s) : p. 44 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Cuirs et peaux -- Effets de la température Cuirs et peaux -- Propriétés physiques Cuirs et peaux de bovins Elasticité Plasticité Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : Temperature has a profound influence on the physical properties of hides and skins within every stage of leather manufacture. Apart from increasing the rate of a chemical process, a higher temperature will ease the ability of the skin to stretch under load. An example is gien as Panel E5/1 where the extension of saturated bovine samples under constant load and rising temperature is shown. Moreover, as the temperature rises, there is an increasing tendency to remain in an extended state. Note de contenu : - Change in bound water - Deformation of the polypeptide backbone - Plastic-like behaviour and set as part of leather making - Panel E5/1 : Effects of temperature on the extension of a sample under constant load - Panel E5/2 :Loss tangent, tan δ, as a function of temperature for acetone-dried skin samples pre-conditioned in a given relative humidity environment (0, 35, 65% RH) - Panel E5/3 : Definitions of elastic behaviour and plastic behaviour En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/11zUlk-yojrN0-_knp3OPvNxPX2RGH9bd/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=32471 [article]

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Hide and skins : physical change and effects within chemical processing / Richard Daniels in WORLD LEATHER, Vol. 18, N° 5 (08/2005)  

[article]  inWORLD LEATHER > Vol. 18, N° 5 (08/2005) . - p. 45 Titre : Hide and skins : physical change and effects within chemical processing Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Richard Daniels, Auteur ; Walter Landmann, Auteur Année de publication : 2005 Article en page(s) : p. 45 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Basses températures Cuirs et peaux Cuirs et peaux -- Propriétés physiques Traitement chimique Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : The forces applied to skins in wet chemical processing relate to the type of processing vessel and its internal configuration. These forces can be viewed as constant when processing at uniform loadings, float levels, speed of rotation and time. However, the way that these forces act will vary as the skin physically changes. For examples : - As skins rehydrate in soaking they soften, so the mechanical action is reduced. - Alkaline swelling causes the hides to become less flexible, and the mechanical action increases - The inflexibility of a limed skin decreases in deliming, and the skins become more flaccid - As fully-penetrated tanning agents throughout a pickled skin begin to fix and create leather, the skin becomes more rigid. Even if the forces applied remain constant, the mechanics involved alter in line with changes in skin characteristics and behaviour. Note de contenu : - Changes in skin motion - The effects of temperature variation - Processing at lower temperatures - Accumulative effects En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1kF_4zqVVLsthfrcT0kbRqUZndPXxNDgg/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=32472 [article]

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Automated handling in the finishing area in WORLD LEATHER, Vol. 18, N° 5 (08/2005)  

[article]  inWORLD LEATHER > Vol. 18, N° 5 (08/2005) . - p. 52-54 Titre : Automated handling in the finishing area Type de document : texte imprimé Année de publication : 2005 Article en page(s) : p. 52-54 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Automatisation Convoyeurs Cuirs et peaux -- Appareils et matériels Cuirs et peaux -- Industrie Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : The finishing area has always seen the greatest requirement for labour in the tannery-traditionally, each individual piece of leather had to be presented to, and removed from, each process machin by that most versatile of tools, a pair of human hands The rising cost of labour in developed countries, and the increasing difficulty of finding workers prepared to do monotonous, repetitive manual work, have been the impetus for many years to seek automated handling solutions. Note de contenu : - Fig. 1 : Overhead conveyor systems in a finishing shop (Thema) - Fig. 2 : Early stacker with reciprocating table - Fig. 3 : In modern stackers, the final (yellow) conveyor reciprocates - Fig. 4 : A modern wholehide stacker (Gemata) - Fig. 5 : Whole hide stacker installed after embossing machine (Gemata) - Fig. 6 : Whole hides transferred onto longitudinal horse after stacker (Tanmac) - Fig. 7 : Loading an overhead conveyor from the end of a drying tunnel (Thema) - Fig. 8 : Automatic loader/stacker, stacking onto horse (Thema) - Fig. 9 : Loader/stacker, loading onto overhead conveyor (Thema) En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1tzYHylJYbqr2j2dkOq4F_UtB4quSeDpK/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=32473 [article]

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