[article]
| Titre : |
The use and subsequent treatment of surfactants for leather processing |
| Type de document : |
texte imprimé |
| Auteurs : |
Rumon A. Hankey, Auteur ; V. L. Addy, Auteur ; K. Senior, Auteur ; D. A. Langridge, Auteur ; Warren Bowden, Auteur ; W. Scholz, Auteur |
| Année de publication : |
2001 |
| Article en page(s) : |
p. 205-213 |
| Note générale : |
Bibliogr. |
| Langues : |
Américain (ame) |
| Index. décimale : |
675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure |
| Résumé : |
The appropriate choice of the type of surfactant for degreasing is very important. In today's environment, pressures from 'green' issues limit the choice of type of degreaser used. The method of comparing degreasers for use in bovine soaking and liming systems is discussed along with the screening of suitable alternatives to Nonyl Phenol Ethoxylate based degreasers. The volume of the grease emulsion in the waste water can be reduced by the use of ultrafiltration. Alkyl phenol ethoxylates function as effective surfactants. More specifically, nonyl phenol ethoxylates (NPE) exhibit excellent wetting and emulsification properties which has resulted in their use as cost effective detergents for the leather industry. Recently, however, their use has been questioned due to environmental concerns. The objective of this study was, therefore, to evaluate commercially available alternative surfactants to nonyl phenol ethoxylate (NPE) based products for the removal of dermal fat from bovine hides. The performance of the surfactants was tested, initially using a model system based on extracted bovine subcutaneous lipid. Subsequently the best four products (tested under the conditions of the assay) were evaluated in small-scale trials. The assay system proved effective for differentiating between good and poor emulsifiers of bovine fat. Four products were selected for exhibiting performance equal to the NPE based products.These products were subsequently evaluated in soaking and liming trials in the production of bovine wet blue. Each of the surfactants gave performance equivalent to that given by the NPE based products. However, the levels of intra-dermal fat were low, in the region of 1.0% and meaningful quantitative analysis was therefore difficult. This suggests that problematic degreasing in bovine processing may originate from poorly fleshed hides rather than residual intra-dermal fat. There was no evidence of redeposition of fat into the wet blue. In conclusion, a number of surfactant products that give acceptable removal of hide fat and contain no NPE have been identified. Their use in full-scale production has not been evaluated within the scope of this project. Two techniques for determining the amount of surfactant present in liquors and leather have been evaluated and developed. The combination of these analytical techniques may enable further optimisation of processes with a view to allowing an overall reduction in offers of surfactants used. The treatment of surfactants in the waste water treatment plant is difficult. Progress has been made by the use of ultrafiltration to remove up to approximately 90% of grease-emulsion from waste streams. |
| En ligne : |
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1tGm3R7dvS2HHvAyZLPsZToUHFHE84FP-/view?usp=drive [...] |
| Format de la ressource électronique : |
Pdf |
| Permalink : |
https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=4372 |
in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. XCVI, N° 6 (06/2001) . - p. 205-213
[article]
|
Aller sur edunet
Accueil
Ajouter le résultat dans votre panier Affiner la rechercheStrategic technical process design and competitive advantage enhancement techniques / Rumon A. Hankey in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. XCVI, N° 7 (07/2001)
