Effect of the type of retanning on hygienic properties of crust leathers / Jan Zarlok in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 101, N° 1 (01-02/2017)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC) > Vol. 101, N° 1 (01-02/2017) . - p. 21-26 Titre : Effect of the type of retanning on hygienic properties of crust leathers Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Jan Zarlok, Auteur ; Malgorzata Kowalska, Auteur ; Krzysztof Smiechowski, Auteur Année de publication : 2017 Article en page(s) : p. 21-26 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Absorption Croûte (cuir) On entend par "cuir en croûte" des cuirs ayant subi les opérations jusqu'au tannage, à l'exclusion de toute opération de corroyage ou de finissage, mais qui, par opposition aux wet-blue ont été séchés. Désorption Essais (technologie) Perméabilité Résistance à l'humidité:Résistance à l'eau Retannage Température de retrait Vapeur d'eau Wet-blue (tannage) Peau tannée au chrome (le chrome donne une couleur bleue) Index. décimale : 675.2 Préparation du cuir naturel. Tannage Résumé : Test results of semi-finished crust made from wet-blue are presented. Mineral, synthetic, vegetable and aldehyde tannins were used as retanning agents. Absorption, desorption and permeability of water vapour (WVP) were determined using the standardised method and UTH Radom method. Softness, shrinkage temperature and resistance to water of the semi-finished crust were determined as well. The tests have demonstrated that the hygienic properties of leathers are to a great degree dependent on types of retanning agents applied. Correlations have also been proved between permeability of water vapour (WVP) and between WVP and shrinkage temperature of crust leathers as per the standard and UTH Radom methods. Note de contenu : - TABLES : 1. Methods of retanning and fatliquoring of semi-finished wet-blue - 2. Retanning variants and designations of leather samples - 3. Results of determination of water vapour permeability - 4. Results of determination of absorption and desorption of water vapour - 5. Results for shrinkage temperature, thickness, moisture content and softness of leather - 6. Results for leather resistance to water - FIGURES : 1. Drying machine WPS 50 SX (a) with the closed ; (b) with the open cover - 2. correlation between values of water vapour permeability measured by the standard and UTH Radom methods - 3. The difference between absorption and desorption of water vapour of the tested leathers - 4. Dependence of water vapour permeability on shrinkage temperature of leathers En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1giUkfeFF9_sbCPgo6XfQxV9fjbZsK_rj/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=27985 [article]

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Hygienic properties of leather finished with formulations containing collagen hydrolysate obtained by acid hydrolysis / Jan Zarlok in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 99, N° 6 (11-12/2015)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC) > Vol. 99, N° 6 (11-12/2015) . - p. 297-301 Titre : Hygienic properties of leather finished with formulations containing collagen hydrolysate obtained by acid hydrolysis Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Jan Zarlok, Auteur ; Krzysztof Smiechowski, Auteur ; Malgorzata Kowalska, Auteur Année de publication : 2015 Article en page(s) : p. 297-301 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Absorption Collagène Cuirs et peaux -- Finition Désorption Hydrolysats de protéines Hydrolyse Perméabilité Polyacryliques Vapeur d'eau Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : est results of finished leathers are presented in this paper. Varying proportions of acrylic resin and collagen hydrolysate were used as binding agents. The hydrolysate was produced from waste chromium-tanned hide by means of acid hydrolysis. Sorption, desorption and water vapeur permeability were assayed and softness of leathers finished with mixes of varying collagen hydrolysate contents was determined. The testing has demonstrated that collagen hydrolysate in the finishing mixes improved the hygienic properties of finished leathers (increasing absorption, desorption and water vapour permeability). On the other hand leather softness declined a little. It has been demonstrated that a new leather finishing mix containing protein hydrolysate recovered from chrome shavings can be proposed. Note de contenu : - Production of collagen hydrolysate - Application of the finishing mix to leathers - Determination of water vapour absorption - Determination of desorption of water vapour En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1XdFGiPBFLsHlKztW6uxwsPOYoHL1qepZ/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=25103 [article]

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The relationship between water vapour permeability and softness for leathers produced in Poland / Krzysztof Smiechowski in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 98, N° 6 (11-12/2014)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC) > Vol. 98, N° 6 (11-12/2014) . - p. 259-263 Titre : The relationship between water vapour permeability and softness for leathers produced in Poland Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Krzysztof Smiechowski, Auteur ; Jan Zarlok, Auteur ; Malgorzata Kowalska, Auteur Année de publication : 2014 Article en page(s) : p. 259-263 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Chaussures Cuir Douceur (toucher) Perméabilité Qualité -- Contrôle Vapeur d'eau Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : The study concerns testing of selected properties of leather produced in Poland particularly properties which are important for comfort. Shoe leathers were tested mainly for water vapour permeability and softness. Water vapour permeability tests were performed according to the new method which uses equipment made by the Radwag company (the idea was invented by the University of Technology and Humanities (UTH) in Radom, Poland), and which enables fast measurement in conditions similar to those under which the leather is used. In total, a range made by 8 Polish tanneries were tested. The results of the study showed that the majority of selections of leather produced in Poland is of very good quality. The water vapour permeability of the leathers ranged from 380mg/10 cm2/24h to 4930 mg/10cm2/24h (according to the method of UTH Radom). The relationship between softness and water vapour permeability was investigated. En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1fS5wmiRrcesSxPsDNoxtWCov3bG2MDs8/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=22647 [article]

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Water hardness as an important parameter of the fatliquoring process / Krzysztof Smiechowski in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 101, N° 6 (11-12/2017)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC) > Vol. 101, N° 6 (11-12/2017) . - p. 296-302 Titre : Water hardness as an important parameter of the fatliquoring process Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Krzysztof Smiechowski, Auteur ; Malgorzata Kowalska, Auteur ; Jan Zarlok, Auteur ; M. Lipiec, Auteur Année de publication : 2017 Article en page(s) : p. 296-302 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Cuirs et peaux -- Analyse Douceur (toucher) Eau dure Emulsions Emulsions -- Stabilité Epaisseur -- Mesure Lixiviation Produits de nourriture du cuir Taille des particules Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : The paper presents studies on the influence of selected parameters of water used in fatliquoring. Water of varying hardness (quantifies of calcium, magnesium, iron compounds and of chlorides) was used in the process. Properties of fatliquoring emulsions containing waters of different hardness were determined. It was noted that emulsions were less stable in the presence of eiectrolytes. Generally, the average particle size of prepared fatliquoring emulsions increased if the water phase contained : calcium, magnesium, iron compounds and chlorides. The presented studies on the affects on tanned hides confirmed the desirability of using low hardness water without iron and chlorides. Note de contenu : - Preparation of fatliquoring - Stablity of fatliquoring emulsions - Resistance of fatliquoring emulsions to electrolytes - Determination of fatliquoring emulsion particle size - Dispersion index - Leather fatliquoring process - Determination of fat content in bath after fatliquoring - Determination of fat content in leather - Determination of leather softness according to PH-EN ISO 17235 - Determination of leather sample thickness as per PN-EN ISO 2589 - TABLES : 1. Classification of water for tanning according to BASF - 2. Characteristic of water used to prepare fatliquoring emulsions - Methodology of wet-blue fatliquoring - 4. Stability of 10% emulsion and resistance to electrolytes (Nacl and chromium agent) - 5. Parameters of particle size distribution for fatliquoring emulsions at 20°C and 60°C - 6. Characteristics of the baths after fatliquoring - 7. Thickness and softness of leather samples tested - 8. Free fat content in leather - FIGURES : 1. Particle size distribution of emulsions Em (A)? Et (B), Ebt(C) determined at 20°C - 2. Particle size distribution of emulsions Em (A)? Et (B), Ebt(C) determined at 60°C. The emulsions produced at the two different temperatures (20 and 60°C) with distilled water (free from magnesium, calcium and iron compounds) were observed to have lower average particle sizes. In summary, a greater temperature and increased presence of magnesium, calcium and iron cause the average particle size to increase - 4. Impact of temperature, hardness and presence of iron compounds on average particle size En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1LJd8IEpiWFxeHGbbtdZ77uC1JTs28BK_/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=29668 [article]

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X-ray studies of a collagen material for leather production treated with chromium salt / Clark A. Maxwell in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CI, N° 1 (01/2006)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. CI, N° 1 (01/2006) . - p. 9-17 Titre : X-ray studies of a collagen material for leather production treated with chromium salt Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Clark A. Maxwell, Auteur ; Timothy J. Wess, Auteur ; Alina Sionkowska, Auteur ; Jan Zarlok, Auteur ; Krzysztof Smiechowski, Auteur Année de publication : 2006 Article en page(s) : p. 9-17 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : Efforts have been made to investigate a treatment process that produces minimum effluents (i.e., environmentally friendly), and yet significantly increases the quality and heat resistance of a fibrous collagen material for the leather industry. The structural properties of collagen fibrils in chrome tanned bovine leather have been examined when chromium salts with different concentrations were applied to treat bovine skin collagen to obtain a leather product. The treated samples were dried and an X-ray diffraction study was carried out to assess the influence of chromium ion concentration on collagen fibres. Observations showed that molecular arrangement in collagen depends on concentration of chromium ions used in the tanning process. Bovine collagen treated with tanning agents at Chrome concentrations of (1,3,5,7,9,11%), resulted in changes in the molecular packing within the collagen fibrils. The shrinkage temperature of fibers cross-linked with chromium salt increases compared to the control. En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1TGc0ExwNaEuR1Z2_ErzPT5SD176XCvos/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=4044 [article]

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