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Oxazolidines - A new class of tanning agents / Samir Dasgupta in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 61 et 62 (Années 1977 et 1978)
[article]
Titre : Oxazolidines - A new class of tanning agents Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Samir Dasgupta, Auteur Année de publication : 1978 Article en page(s) : p. 97-105 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Agents de tannage
Chaleur humide
Croûte (cuir)On entend par "cuir en croûte" des cuirs ayant subi les opérations jusqu'au tannage, à l'exclusion de toute opération de corroyage ou de finissage, mais qui, par opposition aux wet-blue ont été séchés.
Cuir -- Teneur en chrome trivalent
Cuirs et peaux -- Analyse
Cuirs et peaux de moutons
Oxazolidine
Résistance à la déchirure
Résistance à la traction
Tannage au chrome
Tannage combinéLe tannage combiné se dit des tannages qui allient deux familles ou genre de tannage pour obtenir un résultat additionnant les qualités complémentaires des tannins mis en œuvre par exemple Chrome-Végétal ou Chrome-Synthétique
Tannage végétal
TranspirationIndex. décimale : 675.2 Préparation du cuir naturel. Tannage Résumé : Oxazolidines are heterocyclic derivatives obtained by the reaction of aminohydroxy compounds with aldehydes. The bifunctional behaviour of these oxazolidines is responsible for their cross-linking reactions with phenols and proteins. Two typical oxazolidines, namely 4,4-Dimethyl-1,3-oxazolidine and 1-Aza-3,7-dioxabicyclo-5-ethyl (3,3,0) Octane have been studied extensively for their use as tanning agents and it has been found that both these oxazolidines react with hide protein and impart special characteristics to leather when tanned in conjunction with syntan, chrome or vegetable tanning materials.
4,4-Dimethyl-1,3-oxazolidine has been found especially suitable for pretanning of greasy pickled sheepskins, subsequently to be degreased with aqueous degreasing systems. Pickled sheepskin even at 3-5 % level of application gives shrinkage temperatures around 70-75°C within an hour of treatment and unlike glutaraldehyde, the pretanned leather remains natural white and so may be finally tanned with syntan or zirconium for white leather.
1-Aza-3,7-dioxabicyclo-5-ethyl (3,3,0) Octane on the other hand has been found suitable for chrome or vegetable combination tannages of all kinds of leather, especially wool skin tannages where the wool remains spotless white even if the pH of the exhaust chrome liquor moves up to 4.5. Vegetable tanned leather pre-treated with 1-Aza-3,7-dioxabicyclo-5-ethyl (3,3,0) Octane gives higher degree of tannage, higher shrinkage temperature and about 50 % lower water solubles than conventional tannage. Normal vegetable tanned leather when retanned with about 10 % of 1-Aza-3,7-dioxa-bicyclo-5-ethyl (3,3,0) Octane for an hour gives a shrinkage temperature around 100°c. Fuither, it has been found that the use of oxazolidine affords better utilisation of chrome when used in chrome tanning. The reduced chrome content in the exhaust liquors helps in pollution control.Note de contenu : - EXPERIMENTAL : Effect of initial pH and time - Effect of concentration - Tannage in combination with chrome - Tannage in combination with vegetable tanning materials - Comparison with glutaraldehyde-chrome combination tannages. Oxazoliding I vs. glutaraldehyde on pretannages of skins - Oxazolidine II vs. Glutaraldehyde on chrome tanning of sheepskins - Oxazolidine II vs. glutaraldehyde on vegetable tannage of sheepskins
- Table 1 : Typical properties of oxazolidines
- Table 2 : Chrome content of finished leather
- Table 3 : Tear strength of finished leather
- Table 4 : Tensile strength of finished leather
- Table 5 : Effect of moist heat on leather
- Table 6 : Effect of perspiration solution on leather
- Table 7 : Tensile strength of vegetable tanned crust leather
- Table 8 : Tear strength of vegetable tanned crust leather
- Table 9 : Chemical analysis of vegetable tanned crust leather
- Table 10 : Effect of moist heat on vegetable leather
- Table 11 : Effect of perspiration solution on vegetable tanned leatherEn ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1G6mpUYSZp3ekgWrtLRMORyPSpD2O_avE/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=35215
in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC) > Vol. 61 et 62 (Années 1977 et 1978) . - p. 97-105[article]Exemplaires (1)
Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 008597 - Périodique Archives Documentaires Exclu du prêt Performance of antimicrobial agents for the preservation of chrome leather / Juliana T. Fontoura in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CXI, N° 6 (06/2016)
[article]
Titre : Performance of antimicrobial agents for the preservation of chrome leather Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Juliana T. Fontoura, Auteur ; D. Ody, Auteur ; Mariliz Gutterres, Auteur Année de publication : 2016 Article en page(s) : p. 221-229 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Absorption
Adsorption
Antifongiques
Cuirs et peaux -- Analyse
Cuirs et peaux -- Conservation
Cuirs et peaux -- Lavage
Tests microbiologiques
Wet-blue (tannage)Peau tannée au chrome (le chrome donne une couleur bleue)Index. décimale : 675.2 Préparation du cuir naturel. Tannage Résumé : Fungal growth in leathers causes significant damages like stains, surface roughness and loss of physical-mechanical resistance. This raises the need to develop control strategies by the use of antimicrobial agents. Considering the improving processes with regard to the use of antimicrobial agents added in skins and leathers to prevent their contamination by fungi, this study aims to evaluate the performance of six antimicrobial agents conventionally used in the leather industry, against four different fungi. These agents were applied during the chrome tanning process. Accelerated microbiological assays (tests plating and incubation on tropical chamber) were performed, as well as sorption and wash-out testing of three selected antimicrobial agents by UV/VIS spectrophotometry and verification of surface biodeterioration through SEM. Antimicrobial agents 2-thiocyanomethylthio benzothiazole (TCMTB) and Aqueous dispersion of 2-n-octyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one + methyl Nbenzimidazol- 2-ylcarbamate (OIT+BMC/water) showed antifungal capacity against different fungi tested applied in concentration of 0.2% (weight leather base). In the tropical chamber test, for the five samples of wet-blue leather treated with antimicrobial agents the growth of fungus was not observed. From the antimicrobial agents subjected to sorption testing and wash out, the TCMTB based antimicrobial agent presented rapid and high sorption in wet blue leather and also has resistance to washing. Note de contenu : - MATERIALS AND METHODS : Materials and application of antimicrobial agents to leather - Plating test - Incubation in a tropical chamber - Sorption and wash out - Scanning electron microscope images
- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : Plating test - Incubation in a tropical chamber - Sorption and wash out - Scanning electron microscope studiesEn ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1wr6V_36Odg8tKYVy7fxXCr8ixeXIZkYH/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=26439
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 18139 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible Physical testing of karakul pelts / Alan E. Russell in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 57 (Année 1973)
[article]
Titre : Physical testing of karakul pelts Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Alan E. Russell, Auteur ; Desmond R. Cooper, Auteur Année de publication : 1973 Article en page(s) : p. 137-146 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Cuirs et peaux -- Analyse
Cuirs et peaux de moutons
KarakulLe karakul ou caracul est une race de moutons à poils longs, originaire du village de Karakul (turc qara : noir + qul, göl : lac) dans la province de Boukhara en Ouzbékistan.
Par extension, karakul désigne également la fourrure de ce mouton. Le karakul né avant terme fournit le Breitschwantz. L'astrakan est une fourrure bouclée de jeunes agneaux karakul qui transitait à l'origine par la ville d'Astrakhan (avec h) en Russie.
La fourrure des Karakuls, appelée aussi Broadtail ou Astrakan, se retrouve dans bon nombre de vêtements de luxe en Occident. L'astrakan correspond à la fourrure d'agneaux abattus très rapidement après leur naissance (généralement 1, 2 ou 4 jours), ou ce qui est encore plus prisé, à la fourrure de fœtus dans les derniers jours de leur gestation. Pour ce dernier cas, ces peaux fœtales sont "officiellement" annoncées comme provenant d'animaux mort-nés. Les fœtus sont extraits du ventre de leur mère et leur fourrure prélevée.
La surface obtenue étant très petite, il faut beaucoup d'animaux pour confectionner chaque vêtement (cela peut atteindre une trentaine d'agneaux pour un manteau). Les manteaux et ensembles fabriqués à partir d'agneaux karakuls se vendent à plus de 25 000 U.S. dollars l'unité. Au total, ce sont 4 à 5 millions d'agneaux qui sont tués chaque année pour réaliser ces produits et répondre à la demande de l'industrie de la mode. La HSUS dénonce notamment la France, l'Allemagne et l'Amérique du Nord parmi les pays les plus demandeurs de ces produits.Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : For a number of years, the South African Leather Industries Research Institute has assisted the Karakul Board of South-West Africa and South Africa with physical testing and quality assessment of Karakul pelts subjected to various curing treatments as well as examining the incidence of damage in market reject pelts. These trials and assessments have necessitated the adaptation of existing methods of physical testing to Karakul pelts as well as the development of new forms of test and a volume of performance data has accumulated using these methods. The present report describes the nature of the test procedures applied together with typical performance data and the effects of processing variations on pelt properties. Note de contenu : - Physical test methods
- I. Fur test methods : A. Martindale abrasion resistance - Effect of loading on abrasion rate - Variation in abrasion resistance with sample location - Interpelt variation in abrasion resistance - Effect of processing - B. Hair fibre retention - C. Microscopic examination
- II. Pelt testing : A. Pelt susbtance - B. Mechanical properties
- Fig. 1 : Typical Martindale abrasion curves showing weight of hair fibre loss as a function of the number of cycles of abrasion at two abrasion pressures. Material under test was a normal pipe curl pelt iin the cured condition
- Fig. 2 : Variation in Martindale abrasion with sample location on fur pattern. (A) Underdeveloped pipe curl of uniform pattern with medium fur thickness ; (B) shallow pipe curl of irregular pattern with relatively heavy fur coverage. Both pelts in the cured, shade-dried condition
- Fig. 3 Martindale abrasion curves for a range of differing Karakul pelt types
- Fig. 4 : Distribution of martindale abrasion values for a range of karakul pelts in the cured (28) and processes (5) condition. Note. Abrasion resistance expressed in terms of number of cycles required to effect removal fo 0.06 g hair fibre at 0.75 Ib/in2 pressure. Measurement on duplicate samples from adjoining areas near the backbone in the neck and mid-pelt regions
- Fig. 5 : Martindale abrasion curves on a single pipe-curl type pelt after various processing stages. Cycles required for removal of 0.06 g hair fibre and relative abrasion resistance indicated in parentheses
- Fig. 6 : Arrangement of sample and direction of load application for measurement of hair fibre anchorage
- Fig. 7 : Effects of hair roots in order of increasing strength of fibre anchorage. (1) Clean hair roof removal. (2) Hair root with adhering fragments of follicle sheath. (3) Hair root with intact follicle sheath. (4) Fibre shaft breakage
- Table 1 : Variation in Martindale abrasion resistance for a selection of processes pelts of differing curl pattern, lustre, texture and hair fibre diameter
- Table 2 : Martindale abrasion on Karakul pelts before and after commercial processing (hair loss in g/1000 cycles)
- Table 3 : Martindale abrasion on processed pelts subjectively grouped according to degree of hair-slip (initial rate ofhair loss in g/1000 cycles)
- Table 4 : Hair fibre Anchorage on processed Karakul pelts grouped subjectively according to degree of hair-slip
- Table 5 : Microscopic examination of hair fibres removed from processes pelts grouped subjectively according to egree of hair-slip
- Table 6 : Pelt thickness (mm) before and after commercial processing
- Table 7 : Pelt weight (half pelts) befora and after commercial processing (g)
- Table 8 : Relative thickness of corium major (flesh) layer in commercially processes Karakul pelts
- Table 9 : Physical properties of Karakul pelt leatherEn ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1QWPqMIYJpUZ1Id-jK5JAE1Fk1HnSKraq/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=31692
in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC) > Vol. 57 (Année 1973) . - p. 137-146[article]Exemplaires (1)
Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 008593 - Périodique Archives Documentaires Exclu du prêt Pilot production of chrome-tanned leather without formation of hexavalent chromium by treatment with a combination of inhibitors / Koki Ogata in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 103, N° 1 (01-02/2019)
[article]
Titre : Pilot production of chrome-tanned leather without formation of hexavalent chromium by treatment with a combination of inhibitors Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Koki Ogata, Auteur ; Toshinori Inatsugi, Auteur ; Shunji Hattori, Auteur ; Yoshiko Kagawa, Auteur ; Keiji Yoshimura, Auteur ; Koji Takahashi, Auteur Année de publication : 2019 Article en page(s) : p. 1-5 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Chrome hexavalent
Cuirs et peaux -- Analyse
Cuirs et peaux -- Propriétés mécaniques
Cuirs et peaux -- Propriétés physiques
Cuirs et peaux de bovins
Inhibiteurs (chimie)
Solidité de la couleur
Statistique
Tannage au chromeIndex. décimale : 675.2 Préparation du cuir naturel. Tannage Résumé : A combination of inhibitors, namely a mixture of 1.0mmol of 3(2)-t-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole, 0.01 mmol of ascorbic acid, and 0.001 mmol of collagen peptide exhibiting complete inhibition of C6-+ formation on a laboratory-scale, was applied to produce chrome-tanned upper leather without formation of Cr6+ in the actual manufacturing line of a tanner. In this study, the following two methods were used for application of the combined inhibitor ; spraying with the combined inhibitor solution before finishing, using twice the volume of the dry leather weight after fat-liquoring ; and coating with base-coat containing the combined inhibitor before top coating in the finishing process, using twice the volume of the dry leather weight. Each inhibitor-treated leather contained chemical components similar to those of typical leather produced without the combined inhibitor, and exhibited perfect inhibition of Cr6+ formation, even if heat-aged. ln addition, the physical strength of the inhibitor-treated leathers was higher than that of leather produced usually without inhibitor. In particular, the surface strength (bail burst) of the treated leathers was twice that of the untreated leather. These results indicate that this combination of inhibitors could be effectively applied to industrially produce Cr-tanned leather not only without C6+ formation but also with an improved physical strength. Note de contenu : - MATERIALS AND METHODS : Materials - Production of chrome-tanned upper leather - Combined inhibitor treatment - Extraction of Cr from leather sample - Analytical methods - Statistical analysis
- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : Features of bovine chrome-tanned upper leather - Complete inhibition of Cr6+ formation - Improved physical and mechanical properties - Colour fastness to rubbingEn ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/12F4qSyp3VzmNQjTbdpNz5u3SQ8S4B0Th/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=31786
in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC) > Vol. 103, N° 1 (01-02/2019) . - p. 1-5[article]Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 20620 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible Potential of water hyacinth leaves extract as a leather tanning agent / Fitsum Etefa Ahmed in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CXVII, N° 9 (09/2022)
[article]
Titre : Potential of water hyacinth leaves extract as a leather tanning agent Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Fitsum Etefa Ahmed, Auteur ; Gemeda Gebino Gelebo, Auteur ; Belay Meles Gebre, Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Article en page(s) : p. 391-399 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Chimie végétale
Cuirs et peaux -- Analyse
Cuirs et peaux -- Propriétés physiques
Extraits de plantes
Jacinthe d'eau et constituantsLa jacinthe d'eau ou camalote (Eichhornia crassipes) est une espèce de plantes monocotylédones de la famille des Pontederiaceae, originaire d'Amérique du Sud. Ce sont des plantes aquatiques des rivières, canaux et lacs des régions tropicales. On pense que la jacinthe d'eau provient de la cuvette amazonienne et des grands lacs et marais de la région du Pantanal dans l'ouest du Brésil. L'espèce fait partie des 100 pires espèces envahissantes selon l'UICN.
Tanins végétaux
Tannage végétal
Température de retraitIndex. décimale : 675.2 Préparation du cuir naturel. Tannage Résumé : Potential of Water Hyacinth Leaves Extract as a Leather Tanning Agent
Water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) is listed as one of the worst aquatic plants in the world and its presence in Lake Tana in Ethiopia has been recognized since 2011. Currently, the plant coverage in the lake is increasing and very limited studies have been conducted in the country on practical application of water hyacinth. The aim of this study was to determine the phytochemicals, functional groups and Tannin content of the water hyacinth plant found in the Lake, which could serve as a vegetable tanning agent. Both qualitative and quantitative approaches were used to assess the quality tannin in the plant stem and leaves. On phytochemical analysis of the dried material, the tannin content was found to be 4.1% for leaves and 2.7% for stem parts. As the tannin content of the leaves was higher than the stem parts, leather tanning conducted using the 10% wt and 20% wt leaves and the quality of tanned leathers was evaluated and compared with the leather made from quebracho vegetable tanning material as a control. Most properties of leathers tanned using the leaves met the minimum specified standards for leather product manufacturing, which includes tearing strength > 45 N, percent elongation at break > 42% distension at grain crack > 6.5 mm, and distension at burst >7.8 mm. Even though shrinkage temperature is one of the most important parameters in determining the thermal stability of leather, the leather tanned with leaves extract had a shrinkage temperature of 52°C, which is lower than the standard limit (75°C) for leather product manufacturing. This indicated that, the crosslinking reaction between the hide (collagen fibers) and tannins (leaves) was weaker, implying that the leather would not be as durable or of higher quality. Similarly, the maximum tensile strength of tanned leather was 7.2 N/mm2, which is lower than the standard requirement (20 N/mm2) for leather product manufacturing. Therefore, water hyacinth leaves extract has limited potential as a vegetable tanning agent, and the tanned leather will not be used to make leather products that requires good thermal resistance and strength. On the other hand, the tanned leather may be utilized for leather products that need minimal tensile strain and thermal property requirements such as leather photo frames, sketchbook leather bound, etc. Since water hyacinth tannin is less than ideal as a tanning agent due the minimum shrinkage temperature and tensile strength of the tanned leather, the potential of the plant as a retanning agent should be studied in future.Note de contenu : - INTRODUCTION : Water hyacinth infestation in lake Tana, Ethiopia
- METHODOLOGY : Methods - Plant collection and drying - Percentage yield of dried water hyacinth plant leaves and stems parts - Plant powder preparation - Extract preparation - Phytochemical tests - Beam house operations - Vegetable tanning operations
- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : Flavonoids detection - Saponins detection - Phenols detection - Tannin detection - Alkaloids detection - Starch detection - Protein detection - Tannin and tannin content determination by hide powder method - Physical characteristics of vegetable tanned leather - Tearing strength - Shrinkage temperature - Grain crack and grain burst - Tensile strength - Elongation analysis - Thickness (mm)
- Table 1 : Beam house operations recipe and procedure
- Table 2 : Vegetable tanning operations recipe and procedure
- Table 3 : Phytochemical analysis of water hyacinth leaves and stems parts
- Table 4 : Tannins content found in the water hyacinth plant's leaves and stems
- Table 5 : Physical test results of vegetable tanned leatherDOI : https://doi.org/10.34314/jalca.v117i9.6169 En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1ni2fOXS2WI1btMYHj2_J70BsoOcJ-JeH/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=38078
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