Large area, stretchable, wearable, screen-printed carbon heaters for use in elite sport / Andrew Claypole in JOURNAL OF COATINGS TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH, Vol. 20, N° 1 (01/2023)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF COATINGS TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH > Vol. 20, N° 1 (01/2023) . - p. 261-273 Titre : Large area, stretchable, wearable, screen-printed carbon heaters for use in elite sport Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Andrew Claypole, Auteur ; James Claypole, Auteur ; Jonathan Leeder, Auteur ; Greg Stevens, Auteur ; Fiona Johnson, Auteur ; Neil Bezodis, Auteur ; Matt Parker, Auteur ; Tim Claypole, Auteur ; David Gethin, Auteur ; Liam Kilduff, Auteur Année de publication : 2023 Article en page(s) : p. 261-273 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Caractérisation Carbone Chauffage électrique Electronique imprimée Encre Essais (technologie) Essais dynamiques Films plastiques étirables Nanoparticules Sérigraphie Traction (mécanique) Vêtements de sport Index. décimale : 667.9 Revêtements et enduits Résumé : Stretchable, nanocarbon heaters were screen-printed onto a stretchable film to create a passive heat maintenance device for elite sport. The heat uniformity and the temperature performance of these lightweight, large area electrothermal heaters were evaluated over a range of applied voltages using thermal imaging. The heaters provided a uniform heat over the 15 × 4 cm area with temperatures of 39°C, 54°C, and 72°C at 10, 15, and 20 V, respectively, within 150 s of being switched on. Tensile testing was used to examine the performance of the heaters under strain. At 20% nominal strain, the heaters gave a uniform heat output and a temperature of 44°C at 15 V, making it a promising candidate for wearable applications. The heaters were capable of maintaining temperatures of 40°C over 10 cyclic strains up to 10% nominal strain. The heaters were integrated into a proof-of-concept stretchable base-layer garment, with the effect of the heaters on skin temperature measured and thermal sensation evaluated during a simulated training session in an environmental chamber at an ambient temperature 0°C. The printed heaters maintained skin temperature and thermal sensation when compared with an unheated control. Note de contenu : - MATERIALS AND METHODS : Ink manufacture - Heater construction for electromechanical testing - Heater characterization - Cold chamber testing of proof of concept garment - RESULTS : Heater performance - Development and testing of proof-of-concept heated garment for sprint canoeist DOI : https://doi.org/10.1007/s11998-022-00666-2 En ligne : https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11998-022-00666-2.pdf?pdf=button% [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=38841 [article]

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Rheology of high-aspect-ratio nanocarbons dispersed in a low-viscosity fluid / Andrew Claypole in JOURNAL OF COATINGS TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH, Vol. 17, N° 4 (07/2020)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF COATINGS TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH > Vol. 17, N° 4 (07/2020) . - p. 1003-1012 Titre : Rheology of high-aspect-ratio nanocarbons dispersed in a low-viscosity fluid Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Andrew Claypole, Auteur ; James Claypole, Auteur ; Alex Holder, Auteur ; Tim C. Claypole, Auteur ; Liam Kilduff, Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : p. 1003-1012 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Caractérisation Encre -- Analyse Encre d'imprimerie Graphite Matériaux -- Propriétés fonctionnelles Nanoparticules Nanotechnologie Polyuréthanes Rhéologie Viscosité Index. décimale : 667.9 Revêtements et enduits Résumé : Printing inks typically consist of a functional component dispersed within a low-viscosity resin/solvent system where interparticle interactions would be expected to play a significant role in dispersion, especially for the high-aspect-ratio nanocarbons such as the graphite nanoplatelets (GNPs). Rheology has been suggested as a method for assessing the dispersion of carbon nanomaterials in a fluid. The effects of phase volume of ammonia plasma-functionalized GNPs on a near-Newtonian low-viscosity thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) resin system have been studied using shear and quiescent oscillatory rheology. At low concentrations, the GNPs were well dispersed with a similar shear profile and viscoelastic behavior to the unfilled TPU resin, as viscous behavior prevailed indicating the absence of any long-range order within the fluid. Particle interactions increased rapidly as the phase volume tended toward maximum packing fraction, producing rapid increases in the relative viscosity, increased low shear rate shear thinning, and the elastic response becoming increasingly frequency independent. The nanoscale dimensions and high-aspect-ratio GNPs occupied a large volume within the flow, while small interparticle distances caused rapid increases in the particle–particle interactions to form flocculates that pack less effectively. Established rheological models were fitted to the experimental data to model the effect of high-aspect-ratio nanocarbon on the viscosity of a low-viscosity system. Using the intrinsic viscosity and the maximum packing fraction as fitting parameters, the Krieger–Dougherty (K–D) model provided the best fit with values. There was good agreement between the estimates of aspect ratio from the SEM images and the predictions of the aspect ratio from the rheological models. The fitting of the K–D model to measured viscosities at various phase volumes could be an effective method in characterizing the shape and dispersion of high-aspect-ratio nanocarbons. Note de contenu : - METHOD : Materials - Ink synthesis - Rheometry - Analysis - RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : Particle characterization - Rheological characterization DOI : https://doi.org/10.1007/s11998-019-00319-2 En ligne : https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11998-019-00319-2.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=34387 [article]

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The effect of plasma functionalization on the print performance and time stability of graphite nanoplatelet electrically conducting inks / Andrew Claypole in JOURNAL OF COATINGS TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH, Vol. 18, N° 1 (01/2021)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF COATINGS TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH > Vol. 18, N° 1 (01/2021) . - p. 193-203 Titre : The effect of plasma functionalization on the print performance and time stability of graphite nanoplatelet electrically conducting inks Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Andrew Claypole, Auteur ; James Claypole, Auteur ; Tim Claypole, Auteur ; David Gethin, Auteur ; Liam Kilduff, Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : p. 193-203 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Conduction électrique Encre d'imprimerie Encre électronique Graphite Nanoparticules Rhéologie Surfaces fonctionnelles Technique des plasmas Index. décimale : 667.4 Encres Résumé : Carbon-based pastes and inks are used extensively in a wide range of printed electronics because of their widespread availability, electrical conductivity and low cost. Overcoming the inherent tendency of the nano-carbon to agglomerate to form a stable dispersion is necessary if these inks are to be taken from the lab scale to industrial production. Plasma functionalization of graphite nanoplatelets (GNP) adds functional groups to their surface to improve their interaction with the polymer resin. This offers an attractive method to overcome these problems when creating next generation inks. Both dynamic and oscillatory rheology were used to evaluate the stability of inks made with different loadings of functionalized and unfunctionalized GNP in a thin resin, typical of a production ink. The rheology and the printability tests showed the same level of dispersion and electrical performance had been achieved with both functionalized and unfunctionalized GNPs. The unfunctionalized GNPs agglomerate to form larger, lower aspect particles, reducing interparticle interactions and particle–medium interactions. Over a 12-week period, the viscosity, shear thinning behavior and viscoelastic properties of the unfunctionalized GNP inks fell, with decreases in viscosity at 1.17 s−1 of 24, 30, 39% for the ϕ = 0.071, 0.098, 0.127 GNP suspensions, respectively. However, the rheological properties of the functionalized GNP suspensions remained stable as the GNPs interacted better with the polymer in the resin to create a steric barrier which prevented the GNPs from approaching close enough for van der Waals forces to be effective. Note de contenu : - Materials and ink synthesis - Methods - Table 1 : Composition of GNP inks, where GNP (graphite nanoplatelets, TPU (thermoplastic polyurethane resin), DAA (diacetone alcohol) - Table 2 : Three roll millling procedure DOI : https://doi.org/10.1007/s11998-020-00414-4 En ligne : https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11998-020-00414-4.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=35363 [article]

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