[article]
| Titre : |
Evaluation of chemical products in leather post-tanning process and their influence in presence of neutral salts in raw tannery effluent |
| Type de document : |
texte imprimé |
| Auteurs : |
M. V. Moreira, Auteur ; Everton Hansen, Auteur ; G. Giacomolli, Auteur ; F. D. P. Morisso, Auteur ; P. M. Aquim, Auteur |
| Année de publication : |
2019 |
| Article en page(s) : |
p. 108-117 |
| Note générale : |
Bibliogr. |
| Langues : |
Américain (ame) |
| Catégories : |
Caractérisation
Chlorure de sodiumLe chlorure de sodium est un composé chimique de formule NaCl. On l'appelle plus communément sel de table ou de cuisine, ou tout simplement sel dans le langage courant. C'est le principal produit dissous dans l'eau de mer ; on l'appelle alors sel marin.
On l'obtient : dans des marais salants par évaporation de l'eau de mer, dans des mines, par extraction du sel gemme (halite) ou en le synthétisant lors de réactions à hautes températures entre du dichlore (Cl2) et du sodium métallique (Na).
Le chlorure de sodium est utilisé dans l'industrie chimique pour produire du chlore, de la soude caustique et de l’hydrogène.
Chromatographie par échange d'ions
Eaux usées -- Analyse
Post-tannage
Produits chimiques
Spectroscopie d'absorption
Sulfate de sodiumLe sulfate de sodium est un composé chimique courant formé d'un ion sulfate et de deux ions sodium. Lorsqu'il est anhydre, il prend l'apparence d'un solide cristallin blanc de formule chimique Na2SO4. La forme déca-hydratée, Na2SO4·10H2O, est connue sous le nom de sel de Glauber ou mirabilite. Parmi un grand nombre d'usages différents, les principales utilisations du sulfate de sodium concernent la fabrication des détergents et dans le procédé de Kraft de traitement de la pâte à papier. La moitié environ de la production mondiale provient de l'extraction de la forme naturelle décahydratée, et l'autre moitié de productions secondaires dans des procédés de l'industrie chimique.
|
| Index. décimale : |
675.2 Préparation du cuir naturel. Tannage |
| Résumé : |
In the leather industry, several chemical products are used for the transformation of the raw hide into the demanded final product. The production flow and the post-tanning of wet-blue leathers may vary according to the available technologies and the type of final item produced. Previous operations and processes are also relevant, particularly the steps of unhairing-liming and tanning process. During the effluent treatment process, there is a great difficulty in removing soluble salts, such as sodium chloride and sodium sulfate in conventional effluent treatment stations. These salts might compromise the biological treatment of tannery wastewater and adversely impact the receiving water bodies, causing environmental pollution. Further, the presence of chlorides and sulfates might interfere in the implementation of the bath reuse system or in the recycling of the treated effluents in the post-tanning process. Therefore, this work aims to investigate the measures used to control the production of sodium neutral salts, such as the sodium chlorides and sulfates, contained in the chemical compounds uses in the industry that performs post-tanning in bovine wet-blue leather, mostly for automotive and furniture upholstery. The work was carried out following the production of the factory for six months, with approximately 1485 whole wet-blue leathers being processed per day, with an average production of 7500 m² of crust leathers per day. The work methodology was based on the diagnosis of the initial situation of the tannery, chemical analyses of the supplies employed and in proposals of action based on this initial profile. The work also involves the checking of the water consumption and the evaluation of the residual baths. The identification of the chemical products in the formulation that contribute directly to the presence of neutral salts in the gross effluent and their presence in the residual baths were among the main results observed in the present work. In order to determinate sodium, chlorides and sulfates, two methodologies were tested (ion chromatography, for chlorides and sulfates ; and absorption spectroscopy, for sodium), showing similar results. |
| Note de contenu : |
- EXPERIMENTAL : Gathering of production data - Identification and characterization of the main chemical supplies used - Characterization of the critical chemical products regarding the presence of neutral salts - Characterization of the residual baths and water consumption measurements
- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : Production data - Chemical supplies used in the formulations - Characterization of the critical chemical products regarding the presence of neutral salts - Water consumption - Characterization of the residual baths |
| En ligne : |
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1eNSGuiZwOEvPyZjfpTvEoYbVILy5-ADX/view?usp=drive [...] |
| Format de la ressource électronique : |
Pdf |
| Permalink : |
https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=32272 |
in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. CXIV, N° 4 (04/2019) . - p. 108-117
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