Alternative solutions for fungal protection of packaged wet blue / George Stockman in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CI, N° 12 (12/2006)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. CI, N° 12 (12/2006) . - p. 461-466 Titre : Alternative solutions for fungal protection of packaged wet blue Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : George Stockman, Auteur ; Ravindran Rangarajan, Auteur ; Dean Didato, Auteur Année de publication : 2006 Article en page(s) : p. 461-466 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : Every year, fungal growth on wet blue causes significant, costly damage measured as rework and downgrading of the resulting leather. Even the best mold control programs are prone to failure now and again. The reasons are varied and range from the programmed decomposition of fungicides in the wet blue to environmental exposure to the occurrence of mold species that could not be anticipated during fungicide selection. Tanners are always on the lookout for a novel antifungal substance that can be applied after palletizing, immediately prior to packaging of the wet blue. Such a post-process spray would provide just ehough added protection to minimize damage during extended shipment and storage intervals. Several synthetic fungicides have shown to be effective in this role, but their toxicity profiles preclude their being applied to the palletized wet blue by spray application. A group of low risk, environmentally benign substances has shown significant antifungal properties when applied to wet blue. The extracts of select naturally occurring plants have been tested for efficacy against commonly encountered molds. These compounds can be applied to the substrate with other commonly available organics by spray application, while presenting minimal risk to the user or the environment. This new family of leather fungicides can be used as part of an integrated system of wet blue fungal protection. As such, they will complement the existing wet blue fungicide programs to help extend storage intervals. En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1Ra-BluONF5r94OWyBUbuzRtkKkSA7AjP/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=3855 [article]

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Application of molecular techniques to identify bacteria isolated from the leather industry. Discussion / David Oppong in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CI, N° 4 (04/2006)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. CI, N° 4 (04/2006) . - p. 140-145 Titre : Application of molecular techniques to identify bacteria isolated from the leather industry. Discussion Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : David Oppong, Auteur ; Stephen D. Bryant, Auteur ; Ravindran Rangarajan, Auteur ; Susan Steele, Auteur ; David Radwell, Auteur ; Lori Hyllengren, Auteur Année de publication : 2006 Article en page(s) : p. 140-145 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : DNA-based methods are known to be accurate, precise and rapid in identifying bacteria but there is little information about the use of these techniques in the leather industry. A study was undertaken to investigate and characterize the bacterial contaminants of fresh hides using 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing techniques. The proteolytic activities of these isolates were also studied using different substrates. Organisms belonging to 16 different genera of bacteria were isolated, and many of the species found have not been previously reported for this environment. Some of the species of bacteria being reported for the first time in the tanning environment included Janibacter terrae, Acidovorax sp., Dietzia maris, Arthrobacter pr tophormiae, Comamonas sp., Brevibacterium lutescens, Jeotgalicoccus psychrophifus, Nocardiopsis sp., Delftia acidovorans, Pseudomonas cannabina, Pseudomonas fulgida and certain species of Aeromonas and Acinetobacter. Most species of bacteria found in the incoming process water were non-proteolytic. Analysis of fresh hides revealed a large number of both proteolytic and non-proteolytic bacteria. The proteolytic bacteria included several species of Aeromonas, Proteus vulgaris, and Shewanella putrefaciens. Pseudomonas sp. were common but not all of them showed proteolytic activity. Knowledge about the identities and proteolytic activities of these organisms that occur in this environment would provide a better way to design programs to control theirundesirable activities. En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1W6m6QBqQgEHmOjGdvy_Z9dJA7dyTqpd0/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=4017 [article]

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Extraction of DNA from leather and applications to the supply chain / George Stockman in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CII, N° 1 (01/2007)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. CII, N° 1 (01/2007) . - p. 22-26 Titre : Extraction of DNA from leather and applications to the supply chain Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : George Stockman, Auteur ; Dean Didato, Auteur ; Ravindran Rangarajan, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p. 22-26 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : Many articles that are sold as 'genuine' chamois leathers do not legally meet the requirements of this definition. There are USA and British Standards that detail what can be described as genuine chamois (along with specifications in other countries). This limits the type of material that can be used for chamois production and also the type of tannage. The authenticity testing of chamois leather is complicated. The most technically challenging element has been proving the origin of the species. This is because chamois leather does not have the grain layer present which would facilitate species diagnosis by microscopy. A technique has been developed that allows the extraction and amplification of DNA in leather samples to provide unequivocal species identification. This is an exciting development for the leather industry, using state of the art genetic testing procedures and could offer scope with outer authenticity issues including trading standards and protected species. This technique is also of value with regards to identification of animal origin. This for example would assist with ensuring that material sold as being from a particular region was genuine. The definition of chamois leather also relates to the type of tannage (which must be of an oil type). Aldehyde tanning followed by marine oil fatliquoring does not meet the British Standard classification of chamois leather (In the USA the leathers must be solely oil tanned). It is known that the mechanism of oil tanning is through cross-linking of acrolein and peroxides liberated during the auto oxidation of the marine oil, with the lysine residues on the collagen. This cross-link is very stable to acid digestion. Research has determined that it is possible to determine whether leather has been subjected to a full oil tannage through analysis of the concentration of lysine released after acid hydrolysis. Genuine chamois leather exhibits lower levels of free lysines. This analysis along with quantification of the level of formaldehyde provides a suite of tests that can be used to authenticate chamois. En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1B2PAzGZbnL8vHBakykWrnDcA6xqQ2kc-/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=3374 [article]

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Measurement of bacterial populations in typical tannery soak solutions by traditional and new approaches / Ravindran Rangarajan in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. XCVIII, N° 12 (12/2003)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. XCVIII, N° 12 (12/2003) . - p. 477-486 Titre : Measurement of bacterial populations in typical tannery soak solutions by traditional and new approaches Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Ravindran Rangarajan, Auteur ; Stephen D. Bryant, Auteur ; Dean Didato, Auteur Année de publication : 2003 Article en page(s) : p. 477-486 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Index. décimale : 675.2 Préparation du cuir naturel. Tannage Résumé : It has been well documented that bacteria will readily proliferate during the typical soaking process if left unchecked. Tanners are rightfully concerned about the extent of biological activity in their soaking process and the impact this can have on the grain integrity and strength of the resulting leather. However, inquiries such as what level of microbial activity is a cause for alarm or is there a threshold activity limit below which it can be considered acceptable abound. A project was undertaken to survey several of the largest beamhouses in the USA to determine the level of microbial activity at each location as well as differences in nature of the raw material utilized and the type of control programs in place (if any). Data was collected utilizing traditional and new techniques for measurement. The results are analyzed and conclusions are drawn regarding the extent of biological activity present in typical operating conditions in the different tanneries studied. En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1BOYu3LHww3aKtdhpSxKZS7XaSzQKRVU5/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=4169 [article]

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The replacement of nonylphenol ethoxylates (NPEs) as degreasing agents in wet blue manufacture / George Stockman in WORLD LEATHER, Vol. 18, N° 6 (10/2005)  

[article]  inWORLD LEATHER > Vol. 18, N° 6 (10/2005) . - p. 25-27 Titre : The replacement of nonylphenol ethoxylates (NPEs) as degreasing agents in wet blue manufacture Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : George Stockman, Auteur ; Ravindran Rangarajan, Auteur ; Dean Didato, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p. 25-27 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Cuirs et peaux -- Dégraissage Nonylphenol éthoxylates Produits chimiques -- Suppression ou remplacement Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : Alkylphenols (APs) are chemical compounds used mainly to manufacture alkylphenol ethoxylates (APEs); APEs have been used for more than 50 years and are important to a number of industrial processes. This includes pulp and paper, textiles, coatings, agricultural pesticides, lube oils, fuels, metals, plastics, and leather. The industrial applications comprises 55% of the total APE market. Other uses are mostly in industrial, institutional, and household cleaning products. Note de contenu : - The chemistry of nonphenol ethoxylates - Environmental and regulatory issues surrounding NPEs - NPEs application in leather manufacture - Alternatives to NPEs - LAEs' leather degreasing performance - Moving forward : embracing "clean" technologies - Panel 1 : Nonylphenol - Panel 2 : Nonylphenol ethoxylate - Panel 3 : Comparative biodegradability of a LAE and a typical NPE - Panel 4 : Performance of LAE (+/- lipase) for degreasing in comparison with NPE - Panel 5 : Comparison of different categories of degreasing agents En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1h_L0BMlWRgLFvniRhd0bZ8NUrSuzyD9q/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=32474 [article]

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Water based coatings : Problems and Solutions / Ravindran Rangarajan in PAINTINDIA, Vol. XLVIII, N° 2 (02/1998)

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